Term
| Radiographs are a (?) comprehensive patient care |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Through the use of dental radiographs, the dental radiographer can detect (?) that cannot be detected clinically |
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Definition
| Diseases, leisons, conditions of teeth and bones |
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Term
| A dental radiographer in most states is required to... |
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Definition
| have state certification or licensure |
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Term
| Assigned responsibilities of dental auxiliaries in regard to dental radiography may include the: |
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Definition
| mounting and identification of radiographs, implementation and monitoring of quality control procedures, education of patients about dental radiography |
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Term
| The end goal of the dental radiographer should be: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Extraoral films differ from intraoral in that the extraoral film: |
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Definition
| the film is outside the patients mouth or head |
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Term
| Intraoral films include all except: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one of the following reduces operator exposure to radiation? |
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Definition
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Term
| All of the following reduce patient exposure to radiation except: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one of the following is used to restrict the size of the x-ray beam? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The most effective way to monitor the accumulated radiation exposure to yourself in a dental office is to: |
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Definition
| Wear a film badge at all times while working |
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Term
| The dental health -care worker should not hold the: |
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Definition
| Film during exposure, PID during exposure, Patient during exposure |
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Term
| Which of the following terms describes the dose of radiation that the body can endure with little or no chance of injury? |
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Definition
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Term
| The main responsibility of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) is: |
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Definition
| Define occupational radiation exposure limits |
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Term
| The one major source of scatter radiation which can be controlled by the operator of dental radiographic equipment is: |
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Definition
| To eliminate the use of pointed cones |
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Term
| You have been put in charge of radiographs in the dental office you are employed in. From a patients radiation safety point of view, which of the following recommendations would you make to your employer? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following describes the use of a filter in a dental x-ray tubehead? |
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Definition
| a filter removes low energy x-rays |
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Term
| Which of the following is true of film badges? |
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Definition
| film badges should be worn when the radiographer is undergoing x-ray exposure |
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Term
| The ALARA concept states that all radiation must be kept: |
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Definition
| As low as reasonably achievable |
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Term
| Which of the following types of position-indicating devices (PIDs) do not produce scatter radiation? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Radiation legislation varies greatly from state to state. For example, in some states a dental radiographer must successfully complete a radiation safety examination before he or she may expose dental x-rays |
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Definition
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Term
| According to current reccomendations (2003) of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, the current MPD for occupationally exposed persons is (?) per year |
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Definition
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Term
| It is desirable that radiographs be identified with each of the following pieces of information, but it is critical that they be labeled with the: |
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Definition
| Patient's name and date of exposure |
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Term
| A film mount may be made of: |
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Definition
| Cardboard, plastic, vinyl |
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Term
| In the labial mounting method, radiographs are placed in the film mount with the (?) side of the identification dot facing the viewer. They are then viewed from the (?) aspect. |
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Definition
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Term
| Suggestions for mounting radiographs include mounting bite-wing radiographs with the curve of Spee directed (?) toward the distal. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Mandibular molars have (?) roots |
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Definition
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Term
| The un-sharpness or blurred edges seen on a radiographic image is termed: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following would minimize the size of the penumbra? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The geometric characteristic of (?) refers to the capability of the x-ray film to reproduce the distinct outlines of an object. |
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Definition
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Term
| Image sharpness on a radiograph is increased by: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Distortion is caused when: |
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Definition
| the object and film are not parallel |
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Term
| Elongation and foreshortening occur because: |
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Definition
| the film and x-ray beam are not perpendicular |
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Term
| Magnification occurs when there is a: |
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Definition
| short target-film distance |
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Term
| Which of the following does not control magnification of the radiographed object: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the effect on the image if the film is not parallel to the long axis of the tooth? |
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Definition
| distortion, magnification |
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Term
| A long film focal distance is desirable because: |
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Definition
| the central rays of the primary beam are less divergent |
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Term
| If the operator decreases the object-film distance, increased magnification occurs. |
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Definition
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Term
| An x-ray beam that is not perpendicular to the object and film, increased distortion occurs. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| If the object and film are parallel then increased distortion occurs. |
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Definition
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Term
| An increased target-film distance decreases magnification |
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Definition
|
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Term
| An x-ray beam perpendicular to the object and film increases distortion |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following are advantages of the paralleling technique? |
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Definition
| increased accuracy, simplicity of use, ease of duplication |
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Term
| Which of the following is incorrect concerning the exposure sequence for periapical films? |
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Definition
| either anterior or posterior films may be exposed first |
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Term
| Why is an increased target-film distance required in the paralleling technique? |
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Definition
| to avoid image magnification |
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Term
| Which of the following describes the relationship of the film and the long axis of the tooth in the paralleling technique? |
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Definition
| the film and tooth are parallel to each other |
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Term
| The advantages of the paralleling technique outweigh the disadvantages. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is correct concerning film placement? |
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Definition
| anterior films are placed vertically, posterior films are placed horizontally |
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Term
| Which of the following describes the relationship of the central ray to the film in the paralleling technique? |
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Definition
| 90 degrees to the film and long axis of the tooth |
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Term
| Which of the following is the correct vertical angulation used with the bite-wing technique? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following describes the relationship of the film to the maxillary and mandibular teeth in the bite-wing technique? |
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Definition
| the film and teeth are parallel to each other |
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Term
| Which of the following is correct concerning film placement? |
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Definition
| anterior bite-wings may be placed vertically, posterior bite-wings may be placed horizontally, posterior bite-wings may be placed vertically |
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Term
| Which of the following describes the primary use of the bite-wing radiograph? |
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Definition
| examination of the interproximal areas of teeth |
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Term
| Which of the following describes the proper direction of the central ray in the bisecting technique? |
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Definition
| 90 degrees to the imaginary bisector |
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Term
| Which of the following are advantages of the bisecting technique? |
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Definition
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Term
| The disadvantages of the bisecting technique outweigh the advantages. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following describes the distance between the film and the tooth in the bisecting technique? |
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Definition
| the film is placed as close as possible to the tooth |
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Term
| The occlusal technique is used to examine: |
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Definition
| Large areas of the upper or lower jaw |
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Term
| When the occlusal technique is used, a (?) to stabilize the film. |
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Definition
| patient gently bites on the surface of the film |
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Term
| Which of the following is a mandibular occlusal projection, but not a maxillary occlusal projection? |
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Definition
| Cross-sectional occlusal projection |
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Term
| Which occlusal projection is used to examine the palate and the anterior teeth of the maxilla? |
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Definition
| Topographic occlusal projection |
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Term
| Which occlusal projection is used to locate foreign bodies or salivary stones in the region of the floor of the mouth? |
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Definition
| Cross-sectional occlusal projection |
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Term
| The bite-wing tab is a heavy paperboard tab or loop fitted around a film and used to stabilize the film during exposure. The film is oriented in the bite loop so that the tab portion extends from the white side (tube side) of the film. |
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Definition
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Term
| The problem with a single bite-wing film per side (#3 film) for adult patients is increased: |
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Definition
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Term
| The rule of isometry states that two triangles are equal if they have (?) equal angles and share a common side. |
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Definition
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Term
| An increased (?) film distance results in increased image magnification. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following film holders include aiming rings that aid in the alignment of the position-indicating device (PID) with the film? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of these is NOT and intraoral radiograph? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which radiograph is used most often to detect proximal surface dental decay? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which intraoral technique satisfies more shadowcasting principles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which intraoral technique is based on the rule of isometry? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one is not a shadowcasting principle? |
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Definition
| Object and image receptor should be perpendicular to each other |
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Term
| Which of these factors does NOT need to be considered when deciding which image receptor size to use when exposing a full mouth series? |
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Definition
| Previous accumulated exposure |
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Term
| What is the minimum image receptor requirement for an adult full mouth series of periapical radiographs? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many size #2 image receptors are required by most health care practices for the exposure of posterior radiographs of a full mouth series? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lining the image receptor up behind the right and left central lateral incisors to include the mesial half of the right and left canines describes the image receptor placement for which of the following periapical radiographs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Anterior periapical image receptors are placed (?) in the oral cavity. Posterior periapical image receptors are placed (?) in the oral cavity |
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Definition
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Term
| Where should the embossed identification dot be positioned when taking periapical radiographs? |
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Definition
| Toward the incisal or occlusal edge of the tooth |
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Term
The x-ray tube head must be swiveled from side to side to adjust the vertical angulation of the central ray.
To avoid overlap error the central ray must be directed perpendicular to the curvature of the arch through the contact points of the teeth |
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Definition
| The first statement is false. The second statement is true |
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Term
| At which of the following settings would the PID be pointing to the floor? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| An incorrect point of entry will result in |
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Definition
|
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Term
| An image receptor positioner/holder must be used with |
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Definition
| the paralleling technique, the bisecting technique, the bite-wing technique |
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Term
| Which of the following is the correct seating position for the patient during radiographic examinations when an image receptor without an external aiming device is used? |
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Definition
| Occlusal plane parallel and midsaggital plane perpendicular to the floor |
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Term
| Which of the following is the best sequencing for exposing a full mouth series of periapical radiographs? |
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Definition
| Maxillary anteriors, mandibular anteriors, maxillary posteriors, mandibular posteriors |
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Term
| What shadow casting principle is NOT likely to be met when utilizing the paralleling technique? |
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Definition
| Radiation should strike the object (tooth) and image receptor perpendicularly |
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Term
| To compensate for the increased object-image receptor distance needed to achieve parallelism, the target-image receptor distance should be |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the paralleling technique? |
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Definition
| Easy technique for children |
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Term
| The most important reason for using a holder when utilizing the paralleling technique is to stabilize the image receptor in a position |
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Definition
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Term
| Film holders designed for use with the paralleling technique should have a |
|
Definition
| long biteblock and L-shaped backing |
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Term
| Which of the following is an example of a holder that can be used with both the paralleling and the bisecting techniques? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Each of the following is a part of the assembled XCP holder EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception? |
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Definition
| 105-degree angled backing |
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Term
| Lining the image receptor up behind the distal half of the canine to include the first and second premolars and mesial half of the first molar describes the placement for which of the following periapical radiographs? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| To determine the horizontal angulation for the maxillary molar periapical radiograph, the central rays of the x-ray beam should be directed at the image receptor perpendicularly through the embrasures of the |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| To determine the horizontal angulation for the mandibular premolar periapical radiograph, the central rays of the x-ray beam should be directed at the image receptor perpendicularly through the embrasures of the |
|
Definition
| first and second premolars |
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Term
| Directing the central rays perpendicular to the plane of the image receptor and perpendicular to the long axes of the teeth describes which step of the paralleling technique? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Cutting off the root apex portion of the image on a periapical radiograph results from |
|
Definition
| inadequate vertical angulation |
|
|
Term
| The bisecting technique satisfies more shadow casting rules than the paralleling technique. A better image results when the shadow casting rules are followed. |
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Definition
| The first statement is false. The second is true. |
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Term
| What shadow casting principle is most likely to be met when utilizing the bisecting technique? |
|
Definition
| Object (tooth) and image receptor should be as close as possible to each other. |
|
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Term
| What term describes the imaginary line between the long axis of the tooth and the plane of the image receptor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When utilizing the bisecting technique, the image receptor is placed |
|
Definition
| as close as possible to the tooth |
|
|
Term
| When utilizing the bisecting technique, the central ray of the x-ray beam is directed |
|
Definition
| perpendicular to the bisector |
|
|
Term
| Which of these target-image receptor distances is recommended for use with the bisecting technique? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Each of the following is a disadvantage of the bisecting technique EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? |
|
Definition
| May not be used with children or adults with small oral cavities. |
|
|
Term
| Image receptor holders designed for use with the bisecting technique should have a |
|
Definition
| short biteblock and 105 backing |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT an image receptor holder that can be used with the bisecting technique? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lining the image receptor up behind the distal half of the second premolar to include the first, second, and third molars describes the placement for which of the following periapical radiographs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To determine the horizontal angulation for the mandibular premolar periapical radiograph, the central rays of the x-ray beam should be directed at the image receptor perpendicularly through the embrasures of the |
|
Definition
| first and second premolars |
|
|
Term
| When utilizing the bisecting technique, the recommended vertical angle setting for the maxillary premolar periapical radiograph is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When utilizing the bisecting technique, the recommended vertical angle setting for the mandibular canine periapical radiograph is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With the bisecting technique, what is the effect on the radiographic image if the vertical angulation is significantly greater than necessary? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inadequate vertical angulation |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the suggested point of entry for directing the central ray of the x-ray beam when exposing the maxillary incisors radiograph using the bisecting technique? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following points 1 in. (2.5 cm) above the lower border of the mandible is the suggested landmark for directing the central ray of the x-ray beam when exposing the mandibular premolar radiograph using the bisecting technique? |
|
Definition
| Directly inferior to the pupil of the eye |
|
|
Term
| Which of these conditions would NOT be visible on a bitewing radiograph? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many standard-sized #2 image receptors are recommended for a posterior horizontal bitewing survey of an adult patient? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which of the following situations would using a size #3 image receptor be acceptable? |
|
Definition
| Horizontal bitewings on an adult patient for caries detection |
|
|
Term
| In which of the following conditions would vertical bitewing radiographs be recommended over horizontal bitewing radiographs? |
|
Definition
| Adult with periodontal disease |
|
|
Term
| Which size image receptor is used, and how is it positioned for exposure of ananterior bitewing radiograph of a small and narrow adult arch ? |
|
Definition
| Size #1 placed vertically |
|
|
Term
| When taking a premolar horizontal bitewing radiograph, the anterior edge of the image receptor should be positioned behind the distal edge of the maxillary canine when pressed with which occlusal relationship? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When taking a set of eight vertical bitewing radiographs, which of the following should be exposed first? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following best fits this description: "Disposable, may be used for placing both horizontal and vertical bitewings, and provides increased imaging of the alveolar bone"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An error in which of these results in overlapping? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the approximate vertical angulation for adult bitewing radiographs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An error in vertical angulation will result in |
|
Definition
| unequal distribution of the arches |
|
|
Term
| The image receptor placement for an adult horizontal molar bitewing is to align the receptor so that the |
|
Definition
| anterior portion of the receptor lines up behind the distal half of the second premolar. |
|
|
Term
| The image receptor placement for an adult vertical premolar bitewing is to align the receptor so that the |
|
Definition
| anterior portion of the receptor lines up behind the distal half of the canine. |
|
|
Term
| Through which interproximal space should the central ray of the x-ray beam be perpendicularly directed when exposing a molar bitewing on a child with primary teeth? |
|
Definition
| Between the first and second molars |
|
|
Term
| Through which interproximal space should the central ray of the x-ray beam be perpendicularly directed when exposing a premolar bitewing on an adolescent with permanent teeth? |
|
Definition
| Between the first and second premolars |
|
|
Term
| Each of the following is an indication for exposing occlusal radiographs EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? |
|
Definition
| Evaluate periodontal disease |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following will a mandibular cross-sectional occlusal radiograph best image? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of these sizes is known as the occlusal image receptor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The image receptor should be placed with the long dimension along the midline (front to back) for which of these occlusal radiographs? |
|
Definition
| Maxillary topographical posterior |
|
|
Term
| Where should the embossed dot be positioned when placing an occlusal film packet intraorally? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ideal patient head position when exposing a maxillary topographical occlusal radiograph is to position the occlusal plane (?) to the plane of the floor and the midsaggital plane (?) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ideal patient head position when exposing a mandibular cross-sectional occlusal radiograph is to position the head rest so that the chin is tipped (?) and the occlusal plane is (?) to the plane of the floor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Assuming that the patient's head is in the correct vertical angulation setting for a maxillary anterior topographical occlusal radiograph? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Assuming that the patient's head is in the correct position, which of the following is the correct vertical angulation setting for a mandibular cross-sectional occlusal radiograph? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the point of entry for correctly exposing a posterior mandible topographical occlusal radiograph? |
|
Definition
| A point on the inferior border of the mandible directly below the second mandibular premolar |
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