Term
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Definition
| Ligand binds to the G-protein receptor then stimulates alpha-s or alpha-i then activates AC (which is the second messenger) then it increases cAMP and shows its physiological function. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thyrosin binds to growth factor receptor and activates thyrosin kinase and then stimulates IP3 (which is the second messenger) Binds insulin, EGF, and IGF. |
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Term
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Definition
| Jak2 binds to ligand and activates thyrosine kinase which triggers signals. |
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Term
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Definition
| ligand opens ion channels, ions act as secondary messengers, NOS (nitric oxide)concentration increases which stimulates GC, PFG is stimulated and vasorelaxation happens. |
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Term
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Definition
| transcrption on the DNA of the nucleus of cell and then translation into the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| produced from cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
When hormone acts on receptors located on the same cell.
Autocrine actions may be important in promoting unregulated growth of cancer cells. |
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Term
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Definition
Hormones can also act inside the cell without being released, an
intracrine effect. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: epinephrine and norepinephrine on the heart, each hormones separately produces an increase in cardiac rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: Cortisol and catecholamines |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: insulin and glucagon. |
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Term
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Definition
| e.g., insulin, growth hormone, prolactin. |
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Term
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Definition
| e.g., steroids, thyroid hormone. |
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Term
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Definition
| produces mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) |
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Term
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Definition
| produces mostly glucocorticoids (cortisol) |
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Term
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Definition
| produces sex hormones (mostly androgens, dehydroepiandro-sterone and androstenedione). |
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Term
| Adrenocortical insufficiency |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| stored in the follicular lumen until the thyroid gland is stimulated to secrete thyroid hormones. |
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Term
| Regulation of thyroid hormone secretion |
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Definition
| hypothalamus (TRH) -> Ant. pituitary (TSH) -> Thyroid (T3, T4) |
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Term
| Actions of thyroid hormone |
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Definition
CONG
Cardio
O2
Nero
Growth
1. Growth
2. Central nervous system (CNS)
3. Autonomic nervous system
4. Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
5. Cardiovascular and respiratory systems
6. Metabolic effects |
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