Term
| first major system to function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| first parts of cardio system appear when? as what? |
|
Definition
| mid week 3; angioblastic cords |
|
|
Term
| angioblastic cords canalize to form |
|
Definition
| paired endocardial heart tubes |
|
|
Term
| earliest heartbeats when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| myocardium is derived from (tissue) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _ _ separates endocardium and myocardium. what kind of tissue is it? |
|
Definition
| cardiac jelly. acellular CT |
|
|
Term
| blood flows through primative heart in this order (6) |
|
Definition
sinus venosus
atrium
ventricle
bulbus cordis
truncus arteriosus
aortic sac & arches |
|
|
Term
| cranial and caudal ends of the heart are fixed by ~ and ~. therefore growth of the heart tube causes ~ |
|
Definition
pharyngeal arches
septum transversum
looping to the right |
|
|
Term
| the looping to the right happens, and (3) structures are placed anteriorly and 2 structures posteriorly |
|
Definition
ventricle
bulbus cordis
truncus arteriosus
sinus venosus
atrium |
|
|
Term
| the cranial portion of intraembryonic coelom is the early _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heart is suspended in the pericardial cavity by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| disappearance of mesocardium creates communication between right and left sides of pericardial cavity known as |
|
Definition
| transverse pericardial sinus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shh, activin, e-Hand, d-Hand |
|
|
Term
| cardiac gene devo summary steps |
|
Definition
initially Shh is bilaterally expressed
activin expressed on R side --> represses Shh on that side
eventually tcr factors e-Hand and d-Hand are expressed on L and R respectively |
|
|
Term
| atrioventricular canals arise because of fusion of _ _ |
|
Definition
| endocardial cushions (diagram p. 126) |
|
|
Term
| endocardial cusions fuse and thus create... |
|
Definition
| R & L atrioventricular canals |
|
|
Term
| atrium becomes divided first by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| septum primum grows and closes _ _, and fuses with _ _ |
|
Definition
| foramen primum; endocardial cushions |
|
|
Term
| before septum primum finishes growing, part of it degenerates, forming _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| septum secundum develops where? |
|
Definition
| R atrium to R of septum primum |
|
|
Term
| foramen secundum (in septum primum) becomes covered by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| foramen ovale arises because |
|
Definition
| septum secundum does not complete closure; it leaves foramen ovale |
|
|
Term
| valve of foramen ovale is provided by... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the valve of the foramen ovale gets displaced because _ atrium is higher pressure. --> _ to _ shunt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| foramen ovale closure occurs when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| embryonic atria appear in the adult only as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| enlarged right sinus venosus is incorporated into _ _ as _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| boundary between primitive R atrium and incorporated sinus venosus is _ _ externally and _ _ internally |
|
Definition
sulcus terminalis
crista terminalis |
|
|
Term
| small left sinus venosus becomes _ _ in the adult |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most heart veins drain into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| incorporation of _ _ produces most of the smooth adult left atrium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| smooth part of adult R atrium is _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| interventricular septum has muscular and membranous portions, derived from |
|
Definition
primitive inverventricular septum
inferior margin of aorticopulmonary septum |
|
|
Term
| initially the primitive interventricular septum doesn't reach the endocardial cushions, and therefore leaves _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 structures that become partitioned into the pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta |
|
Definition
bulbus cordis
truncus arteriosus |
|
|
Term
| aorticopulmonary septum divides ~ & ~ into |
|
Definition
bulbus cordis
truncus arteriosus
pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta |
|
|
Term
| what embryological structure created the division between pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bulbus cordis is incorporated into the adult as ~ & ~ |
|
Definition
R ventricle: conus arteriosus
L ventricle: aortic vestible |
|
|
Term
| the smooth outflow portions of ventricles inferior to semilunar valves are called in the R & L |
|
Definition
R conus arteriosus
L aortic vestible |
|
|
Term
| pharyngeal arches each contain an arterial branch from _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| R recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| L recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around |
|
Definition
| aortic arch / ligamentum arteriosum |
|
|
Term
| 3rd aortic arch contributes to |
|
Definition
common carotid
internal carotid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
L: aortic arch
R: R subclavian |
|
|
Term
| vasculogenesis vs. angiogenesis |
|
Definition
| vasculogenesis = de novo vessel formation vs. angiogenesis = extension or formation of vessels based on pre-existing vessels |
|
|
Term
| two angiogenesis factors and one angiogenesis signaling molecule |
|
Definition
fibroblastic growth factor
vascular endothelial growth factor
angiopoietin-1 |
|
|
Term
| pharyngeal arches each contain an arterial branch from _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| R recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| L recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around |
|
Definition
| aortic arch / ligamentum arteriosum |
|
|
Term
| 3rd aortic arch contributes to |
|
Definition
common carotid
internal carotid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
L: aortic arch
R: R subclavian |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
R & L pulmonary arteries
ductus arteriosus |
|
|
Term
| 3 venous systems in embryo |
|
Definition
cardinal
vitelline
umbilical |
|
|
Term
| vitelline venous system is from _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vitelline veins original course in the embryo (3) |
|
Definition
| yolk sac --> yolk stalk --> sinus venosus |
|
|
Term
| vitelline veins come to lie between _ & _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vitelline veins' adult derivatives |
|
Definition
portal system
hepatic sinusoids and veins
part of IVC |
|
|
Term
| which umbilical vein degenerates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _ umbilical vein becomes _ _ aka _ _ in the adult |
|
Definition
L
ligamentum teres
round ligament |
|
|
Term
| ligamentum venosum in liver comes from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| liver's ligamentum teres comes from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| initially umbilical veins drain into ~~ but then R degenerates and L umbilical vein empties into ~~ --> ~~ |
|
Definition
sinus venosus
ductus venosus
inferior vena cava |
|
|
Term
| umbilical blood bypasses the liver by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| systemic venous system is derived from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IVC has 2 broad embryonic sources |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| persistence of L anterior and common cardinal veins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cervical and axillary nodes |
|
|
Term
| cisterna chyli lymph node comes from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aortic lymph nodes come from |
|
Definition
| retroperitoneal lymph sac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the two major adult lymph ducts are |
|
Definition
thoracic duct
right lymphatic duct |
|
|
Term
| 3 major embryological original components of lymphatic system |
|
Definition
R lymphatic duct
L lymphatic duct
anastomosis in upper thorax |
|
|
Term
| adult R lymphatic duct is derived from |
|
Definition
| cranial portion of right lymphatic duct |
|
|
Term
| thoracic duct is derived from (3) |
|
Definition
caudal portion of right lymphatic duct
anastomosis
cranial portion of L lymphatic duct |
|
|
Term
| palatine tonsil is derived from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dorsal mesentery of stomach |
|
|
Term
| persistence of lymphatic sac or failure of lymph vessels to connect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| blood bypasses the liver by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
blood from the umbilical vein --> -->
etc. |
|
Definition
| umbilical vein; ductus venosus; IVC; R atrium; foramen ovale; L atrium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| R atrium --> R ventricle --> pulmonary trunk --> ductus arteriosus --> aorta |
|
|
Term
| blood returns from internal iliac to placenta by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fetal aorta contains oxy or deoxy blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what major event (which causes what effect) causes fetal shunt system to be replaced? |
|
Definition
| inflation of the lungs --> drop in pulmonary arterial pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| foramen ovale closes physiologically when? |
|
Definition
| physiologically at birth by valve of foramen ovale being pressed against septum secundum |
|
|
Term
| foramen ovale closes anatomically when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the umbilical arteries close where? |
|
Definition
| superior to urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
| ductus arteriosus closes when? becomes? |
|
Definition
beings to close at birth
anatomically closes at 3 months
ligamentum arteriosum |
|
|
Term
| in crisis, _ & _ are capable of resuming their hematopoietic function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| blood cell development first begins when _ (blood cell precursor cells) arise from ~ & ~ |
|
Definition
hemangioblasts
yolk sac
allantois |
|
|
Term
| actual blood cell formation = _ occurs where when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| red bone marrow is established by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| besides bone marrow, 3 organs in embryo involved in hematogenesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vasculogenesis vs. angiogenesis |
|
Definition
| vasculogenesis = de novo vessel formation vs. angiogenesis = extension or formation of vessels based on pre-existing vessels |
|
|
Term
| two angiogenesis factors and one angiogenesis signaling molecule |
|
Definition
fibroblastic growth factor
vascular endothelial growth factor
angiopoietin-1 |
|
|
Term
| pharyngeal arches each contain an arterial branch from _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| R recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| L recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around |
|
Definition
| aortic arch / ligamentum arteriosum |
|
|
Term
| 3rd aortic arch contributes to |
|
Definition
common carotid
internal carotid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
L: aortic arch
R: R subclavian |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
R & L pulmonary arteries
ductus arteriosus |
|
|
Term
| 3 venous systems in embryo |
|
Definition
cardinal
vitelline
umbilical |
|
|
Term
| vitelline venous system is from _ _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vitelline veins original course in the embryo (3) |
|
Definition
| yolk sac --> yolk stalk --> sinus venosus |
|
|
Term
| vitelline veins come to lie between _ & _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vitelline veins' adult derivatives |
|
Definition
portal system
hepatic sinusoids and veins
part of IVC |
|
|
Term
| which umbilical vein degenerates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _ umbilical vein becomes _ _ aka _ _ in the adult |
|
Definition
L
ligamentum teres
round ligament |
|
|
Term
| ligamentum venosum in liver comes from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| liver's ligamentum teres comes from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| initially umbilical veins drain into ~~ but then R degenerates and L umbilical vein empties into ~~ --> ~~ |
|
Definition
sinus venosus
ductus venosus
inferior vena cava |
|
|
Term
| umbilical blood bypasses the liver by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| systemic venous system is derived from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IVC has 2 broad embryonic sources |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| persistence of L anterior and common cardinal veins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cervical and axillary nodes |
|
|
Term
| cisterna chyli lymph node comes from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aortic lymph nodes come from |
|
Definition
| retroperitoneal lymph sac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the two major adult lymph ducts are |
|
Definition
thoracic duct
right lymphatic duct |
|
|
Term
| 3 major embryological original components of lymphatic system |
|
Definition
R lymphatic duct
L lymphatic duct
anastomosis in upper thorax |
|
|
Term
| adult R lymphatic duct is derived from |
|
Definition
| cranial portion of right lymphatic duct |
|
|
Term
| thoracic duct is derived from (3) |
|
Definition
caudal portion of right lymphatic duct
anastomosis
cranial portion of L lymphatic duct |
|
|
Term
| palatine tonsil is derived from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dorsal mesentery of stomach |
|
|
Term
| persistence of lymphatic sac or failure of lymph vessels to connect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| blood bypasses the liver by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
blood from the umbilical vein --> -->
etc. |
|
Definition
| umbilical vein; ductus venosus; IVC; R atrium; foramen ovale; L atrium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| R atrium --> R ventricle --> pulmonary trunk --> ductus arteriosus --> aorta |
|
|
Term
| blood returns from internal iliac to placenta by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fetal aorta contains oxy or deoxy blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what major event (which causes what effect) causes fetal shunt system to be replaced? |
|
Definition
| inflation of the lungs --> drop in pulmonary arterial pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| foramen ovale closes physiologically when? |
|
Definition
| physiologically at birth by valve of foramen ovale being pressed against septum secundum |
|
|
Term
| foramen ovale closes anatomically when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the umbilical arteries close where? |
|
Definition
| superior to urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
| ductus arteriosus closes when? becomes? |
|
Definition
beings to close at birth
anatomically closes at 3 months
ligamentum arteriosum |
|
|
Term
| in crisis, _ & _ are capable of resuming their hematopoietic function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| blood cell development first begins when _ (blood cell precursor cells) arise from ~ & ~ |
|
Definition
hemangioblasts
yolk sac
allantois |
|
|
Term
| actual blood cell formation = _ occurs where when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| red bone marrow is established by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| besides bone marrow, 3 organs in embryo involved in hematogenesis |
|
Definition
|
|
