Term
| what is another word for fingers? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the proximal carpel bones in order from lateral to medial? |
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Definition
| scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform |
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Term
| What are the distal carpel bones from lateral to medial? |
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Definition
| trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate |
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Term
| where is the greatest movement of anterior and posterior flexion of the wrist? |
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Definition
| scaphoid and lunate as they articulate with the radius |
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Term
| what bone is larger in the forearm? |
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Definition
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Term
| when is the ulnar styloid most prominate? |
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Definition
| when the arm is in pronation |
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Term
| Why do we always radiograph the forearm in supination? |
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Definition
| to avoid superimposition of the bones |
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Term
| what is anterior to the olecranon process on the ulna? |
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Definition
| semilunar notch, the inferior lip of semilunar notch is coronoid process |
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Term
| Where is the trochlea compaired to the capitulum? |
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Definition
| trochlea is more medial and capitiulum is more lateral. Capitiulum is associates with radius head, and trochlea with the ulnar semilunar notch |
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Term
| What are the bones of the shoulder often refered to as? |
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Definition
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Term
| What bones are included in the shoulder girlde? |
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Definition
| scapula, clavicle, humerus |
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Term
| Would you take upper extremity x-rays on the table or with the bucky? |
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Definition
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Term
| When doing the upper extremity can you use more than one exposure per Image Receptor? |
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Definition
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Term
| When do pt. need to get rid of all jewelery vs. getting the gown on too |
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Definition
| gown on for shoulders and AC jewelery for the rest of the extremity |
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Term
| What is the most significant pathology affecting the upper extremity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the common fracture of the 5 metacarpel? |
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Definition
| boxers (striking with a closed fist) |
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Term
| What is the common fracture of the carpel bones? |
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Definition
| scaphoid from a fall on outstretched arm |
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Term
| What is it called when fractures are new and hard or impossible to see? |
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Definition
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Term
| what do you recommend if you suspect a fracture but the first early radiograph dosen't prove it? |
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Definition
| take another x-ray in 10 days |
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Term
| What is the common complication of scaphoid fracture? |
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Definition
| ischemia leading to necrosis of the bone, wrist function decreases |
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Term
| what is a colle's fracture? |
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Definition
| fracture of distal radius with posterior and medial displacement |
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Term
| What is Monteggia's fracture? |
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Definition
| fracture of ulna and dislocation of the radial head |
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Term
| What is the most common elbow fracture? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do you look for to show elbow fracture? |
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Definition
| joint effusion (increased fluid in the joint) shown on x-ray as a anterior fat pad. |
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Term
| What is a very common non fracture of the upper extremty? |
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Definition
| dislocation of the glenohumeral head anteriorly or posteriorly |
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Term
| Can foreign bodies be seen in the soft tissue on x-ray? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is bursitis? What do you look for on the x-ray? |
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Definition
| chronic irritation to bursa (inflammation) Will cause calcium deposits in soft tissie |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| most common type of arthritis? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chronic contiditon that causes hypertrophy of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| enlarged deformed protion of bone in osteoarthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone (esp. marrow) by pathogenic organism (staph. and tuberculsis) |
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Term
| when are fluid filled cysts normally found in the bone? |
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Definition
| asymptomatic so nomrally only by x-ray |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| increased bone growth tumor |
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Term
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Definition
| decrease in bone size tumor |
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Term
P to A Hand
IR: speed
central ray
position
pt. instruction
structures seen |
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Definition
IR speed: 100-200
Central Ray: third (MCP) joint
Position: palmer surface contact fingers out(if too injured do AP)
Pt. Instruct: don't move
Sruructrues seen: entire hand no overlap of metacarpals or digits |
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Term
| PA OBLIQUE hand patient postion |
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Definition
| PA rotated laterally to make the 5th metacarpal area touch the IR. C shape (modified tea-cup) with 1st and 2nd digits. Or stair step to hold up |
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Term
| What is the key to the image of the oblique structures seen in the hand? |
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Definition
| no minimal overaly of metalcarpal shafts w/ slight overlap of metacarpal heads and bases |
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Term
| Lateral hand patient position |
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Definition
| 5th metacarpal is touching IR only. (lateral portion) can spread fingers to not superimpose them |
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Term
| structures seen in the lateral Hand |
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Definition
| superimposition of 2nd though 5th metacarpals thumb seen in PA projection |
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Term
| Central ray in PA, Oblique and Lateral hand |
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Definition
PA, and Oblique; 3rd (MCP)
Lateral: 2nd (MCP) |
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Term
| Should you used hand projections for finger readings? |
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Definition
| usually there are seperate x-rays taken of the fingers because there is usually one area of interest and there is not a need to expose the whole hand for one finger |
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