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| social theory rejects pacifism; pople are made unequal and have value only to country's greatness; controlled liberty and personal freedom |
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| "lightning"war; coordinated and concentrated air and land attacks; strategy perfected by Germany to provide way past enemy lines and surround the enemy |
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| GB and France at beginning of WWII; US and GB at end; Societ Union worked with alliance against Germany |
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| Germany and Italy in WWII; Japan worked with alliance through Tripartite Pact; Mussolini said alliance was axis for change in Europe |
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| 1942 march of US and Filipino soldiers on Corregidor Island; conquering US soldiers; 5000 deaths |
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| ended German offensive; destroyed much of the German army; continued until German surrender; first major victory for the Soviets |
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| sea battle that ended Japanese advance in the Pacific; proved planes from aircraft carriers could defeat a superior force; Japanese withdrew and never regained offensive |
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| December 1944; Germans surprised Americans and pushed them back; created "bulge" in American lines |
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| town in Japan bombed by "Little Boy" atomic bomb in August 1945 |
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| town in Japan bombed by "Fat Boy" in 1945 |
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| US efforts to develop nuclear weapons; headed by Oppenheimer; intended for use against Germany before Germans finished nuclear weapons |
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| island captured by US; lives saved when bombers made emergency landings; first Japanese soil invaded by US |
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| largest amphibious invasion of the Pacific War; use of massed Kamikaze aircraft which sank American ships |
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| "Black Eagles"; black US pilots during WWII; trained in Tuskegee, AL; produced some of most highly decorated US pilots |
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| fictional WWII character created to urge women to enter the workforce; "Do the job he left behind"; factory and munitions work |
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| Office of Price Administration |
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| part of the massive US war effort to control wages, price of goods; rationed scarce goods |
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| Truman, PM Attlee, Stalin met in 1945; informed Stalin US had developed new bomb;created three free-air corridors into newly divided Berlin |
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| code name of 44-45 Allied offensive against German Western Front; began with D-Day campaign |
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| refers to November 1938 nights when Nazi youth broke into, looted Jewish buildings; marked beginning of Holocaust; night of broken glass |
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| Nationalsozialistische Deutche Arbeiterpartei; National Socialiast German Workers Party; led by Adolf Hitler; won support by offering support to working class and using brutal police against its enemies |
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| Germany's national secret police; led by Goering |
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| Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met in Feb 1945; agreed to the division of Germany and Berlin and to the creation of the UN; Stalin agreed to fight against Japan if Allies increased bombing on Germany |
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| celebrated in street parties; 1945 General Jodi signed for unconditional surrender of German forces; official surrender at Yalta Conference |
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| Roosevelt and Churchill 1943; agreed to accept only unconditional surrender from Japan and Germany; wanted to avoid WWI-style armistace |
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| Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
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| president of US during Depression and WWII; proclaimed everyone should be able to enjoy freedoms |
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| vice president who took over when Roosevelt died; authorized bomb drops on Japan |
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| US Army general commaded troops during operation torch, overlord |
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| British General fought against Rommels Afrika Corps in North Africa; known for personal conflicts with Eisenhower and Patton |
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| US tank commander; tracked by Germans as an assumption that hewould be center of Allied offensives |
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| WWI veteran wrote The Army of the Future criticizing theories of defensive war that led to the creation of the Maginot Line; leader whose troops forced te German Army to retreat during invasion of France; leader of free French Provisional Government in 44 |
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| WWI pilot was the head of Luftwaffe; named as Hitler's successor; suicide before being hung |
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| symbolic leader of Japan during WWII;approved attack on Pear Harbor; annoucned unconditional surrender after Hiroshima and Nagasaki |
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| group of young Nazis formed in 1926; all German boys required to join; taught men Nazi teachings and military drills |
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| US commander of North Africa; Allied supreme commander in Sicily; supreme commanderin Europe |
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| appointed Japans minister of war, then Prime Minister in 41; ruler of Japan through most of WWII |
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| commader of Hitler's bodyguard; commanded tank division in attack on France; commaded Afrika Korps to help Italians in North Africa |
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| fascist leader of Italy during most of WWII; angry Italy had failed to win more territory at Versailles; arrested in 43 when Allies invaded his country |
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| leader of Nazi Germany; appointed chancellor of Germany; previously arrested for trying to start a revolution in Germany |
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| led the Soviet Union; authorized non-aggressive treaty with Germany in 39; developedsystem to eliminate rival politicians to maintain power in the country |
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| Nazi concentration camps in Poland liberated in 1945 |
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| invasion of Allied forces in Normandy; began end of German reign |
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| British Prime Minister known for appeasement; gave part of Czechoslovakia to Germany; led at beginning of WWII eventually resigned to Churchill |
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| Reciprocal Trade Agreement |
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| law allowed FDR to make trade agreements with other countries; liberalized American foreign trade |
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| pact between two or more countries agreeing not to wage war or aggression against each other; Molotov-Ribbentrop pact signed by Soviet and Germany ended when Germany invaded Soviets; |
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| allowed US to supply Allied forces with war supplies in return for use of rescources in other countries; intended to protect US |
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| wanted greater cooperation/involvement with other countries |
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| wants no foreign alliances or involvement |
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| laws passed in response to isolationism after results of WWI; later repealed in 1941 when US helped Britain in WWII |
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| attempt to appease Nazi Germany with annexation of Suddenland Czechoslovakia |
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| Selective Training and Service Act |
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| required many men to register with military in peacetime; many threatened to desert, but ranks swelled after attack on Pearl Harbor |
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| attempt by Britain and eventually US to take Mediterranean from Nazi Germany and Italy;used to take Italy and pressure Nazi empire |
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| confrontation between German and Soviet forces; major victory that led the Soviets to defeat Germany in the rest of the war |
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| day after Pearl Harbor when FDR gave speech declaring previous day a day of infamy; later declared war |
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| government in which government has all the power; everything done for good of community, personal rights don't matter |
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| imprisonment of people without trial; Japanese-Americans interned during WWII |
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| Soloman Islands; taken by US and stopped Japanese expansion in Western Pacific |
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| defences set up by French to defend against Germany; not as effective as thought after WWI, Germans eventually took France anyway |
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| air campaign led against United Kingdom by Luftwaffe; first campaign fought in air; tried to destroy British factories, political significances, but failed |
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