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| Bismarck's alliance with Austria-Hungary |
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| Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy |
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| Alliance of France, Russia, Great Britain |
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| Secret society from Serbia whose goal was to unite all South Slavic people. Credited with assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in June 1914 |
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| Unwavering German support for Austrian government to end South Slavic separatism / independence movement |
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| German military strategy that called for a holding action against Russia while German forces moved thru Belgium to knock out France. |
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| February 1916; Petain's French forces held back German army who eventually withdrew.10 months long, 330,000 German's died, 350,000 French died. |
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| July - October 1916; Allied offensive to break thru German line; 60,000 Brits died 1st day; 400,000 total, French lost 200,000, Germans lost 500,000. Nothing of value was gained. |
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| May 1915 off Irish Coast; 1200 people killed by German torpedo on this British ship carrying munitions. 120 Americans on board. |
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| January 1917; German effort to secure Mexico's support if U.S. entered war; Germany would help Mexico "regain its lost territories" |
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| March 3, 1918; Bolsheviks signed treaty with Germany acknowledging independence of Poland, Ukraine, Finland, Baltic Provinces |
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| The liberal German government established at the end of WWI and destroyed by Hitler in the 1930s |
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| President Wilson's plan to settle WWI and guarantee peace; Freedom of the seas, self-determination, League of Nations |
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| Payments and transfers of property and equipment that Germany was forced to make under the Treaty of Versailles (1919) |
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| Written into the Versailles Treaty to justify reparations; Germany accepted responsibility for all damage resulting from war imposed by them |
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| Wilson's idea of international organization for peace |
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| Organized persecution of Jews especially in Eastern Europe |
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| Forcible assimilation to Russian culture under Tsar Alexander II (1881-1894); Poles, Ukranians, Lithuanians, Caucasus's, Muslims in C. Asia |
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| "Majority faction" despite being the minority; Leninist wing of the Marxist Party. After 1917 = Communist Party |
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| Workers council during 1905 & 1917 Russian Revolutions and part of the structure of government in the Soviet Union |
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| Russia's legislative assembly in the years prior to 1917 |
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| January 1905 in St. Petersburg; 200,000 peaceful workers in front of Tsar's winter palace assembled and were shot on by troops. |
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| Holy man to Tsarina Alexandra who believed he had supernatural and prophetic powers. He influenced appointments to high office |
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| Wealthy Russian peasant labeled by Stalin during period of collectivization as a "class enemy" |
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| Rapid and massive industrialization of Russia under the direction of the state initiated in the late 1920s |
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