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| By the early 1900s European nations were |
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| beginning to compete with each other for dominance in world politics. |
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| This battle for dominance led to tension |
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| Europe and Secret Alliances |
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| The big event that sparks world war I was |
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| I was in June of 1914, the assassination of the Duke Franz Ferdinand. Ferdinand was the future emperor of Austria Hungary. He was killed in Serbia while on a good will tour. |
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| Duke Franz Ferdinand was killed by a group called the |
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| Austria Hungary wanted to |
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| From June to august of 1914 is called |
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| From June to august of 1914 is called the summer of madness. |
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| 1. The people of Europe celebrated that |
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| the war was going to breakout |
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| During this time all of the ______________were exposed. |
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| August 1914 WWI War was officially started |
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| Austria Hungary,Germany ,Ottoman Empire |
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| Serbia, France, Russia, Great Britain, Japan |
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| Who fought both sides of WWI ? |
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| When war was declared in 1914 everyone assumed |
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| When war was declared in 1914 everyone assumed it would be over by Christmas. Because they expected it to be a limited war which was the type of war everyone was use to. |
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| Limited War: Limited goals, and limited gains. Small professional militaries. Few weapon types mostly about land. Had little importance in the daily lives of citizens. |
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1. Large militaries with drafted soldiers
2. More sophisticated weapon types
3. Impact the lives of citizens because citizens became targets because their role in helping to provide for the war. |
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| WII is going to be the first |
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Rapid fire machine guns
Barbwire was used a weapon. The first tank was introduced. 1st chemical bombs were introduced. The airplane was used as an instrument for the 1st time. |
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Each side fought within the trenches
Trench warfare is going to cause WWI to be a stalemate from 1914
Back and forth fighting |
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The battle of Verdun – was a 4mth trench battle. Each side lost almost half a million men and the trench line did not move at all.
In 1914 when war broke out the US wanted to remain neutral. We didn’t want to get dragged into Europeans political problems. |
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| US President Woodrow Wilson felt that the US |
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| US President Woodrow Wilson felt that the US needed to stay neutral in our actions as well as our thoughts. |
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| 5 reasons why the US moves toward war. |
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1. Cultural ties: the us tied to GB and France
2. Propaganda: GB flooded America with anti Germany propaganda
3. America ego – if this is a world war it’s going to change how the world is shaped, as a world power America needs to be involved.
4. Economics at the start of the war the US was trading with both sides but in 1915 the British set up a navel blockage of the central powers. Which meant the US could only trade with the allies this made the US economy invested in the allies winning.
5. Germany actions – if Germany didn’t do stupid things we would have held out Germany’s actions |
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| begin in 1915 the German were practicing unrestricted sub warfare with their UBOATS |
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| In 1915 a German U-boat sunk the Lusitania. The Lusitania was British passenger ship that had 128 Americans on board. Germany claimed that it was caring weapons in side of the passenger ship. After the Lusitania event Germany began practicing restricted sub warfare and they made a public announcement that they would do so from here on out. |
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| Un restricted sub warfare without announcement. |
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| In February 1917 the British intercepted |
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| the Zimmerman telegraph. It was a telegraph from Germany to Mexico. It tells Mexico that if the US becomes involved in with the war “Mexico should reclaim its stolen territory from the US. This was a distraction that the British intercept the telegraph” |
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| The final straw March of 1917 |
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| Germany purposely torpedoed and American ship. |
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| On April 2, 1917 The US declared war on the |
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| When the US joined WWI it was a psychological boost for |
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| It took the US until 1918 for the US to |
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| physically impact the war. |
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| The reason it took the US so long to impact the War was |
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1. The German u boats were out in the water.
2. We have to build an army and capable of fighting, supplies, food, weapons, transportation and a plan.
3. Continue with supplies to our allies while supporting our military and the American people. |
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| Was created in 1917 and their job was to regulate the economy in order to maintain trade and supplies |
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| Committee on public information (Creel Committee) |
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| Government created the Joseph creel created it. The committee provides public information on the war. “Do we think they tell the whole truth” Most of the information was propaganda. They are going to be uncharged of propaganda to encourage people to support the war. |
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| There were Americans who opposed to |
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| There were Americans who opposed to enter the WWI- Also wide spread fear on espionage. |
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| the government in 1917 passed (the espionage act) |
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| So the government in 1917 passed (the espionage act) this made it illegal to spy or sabotage the war effort. |
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The sedition act: was passed in 1918 this made it illegal to speak out against the fed gov. allied forces, allied cause, war effort.
In times of war the government has more room to violate Americans 1st amendment rights. |
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| By 1918 the stale mate of WWI |
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| the 14 points these were Wilson's war and peace aims. |
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1. Wanted no more secret alliances
2. Freedom of the seas
3. Self determination; which would allow colonial nations to choose their own type of government.
4. Worldwide disarmament- disarm
5. Pr, Creation of the League of Nations; organization of nations where the political peoples could be discussed and negotiated rather than go to war. |
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| In 1918 the allies’ are going to move ahead of the |
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| In 1918 the allies’ are going to move ahead of the central powers and gain ground pushing back. By November 1918 central powers have been defeated. The main reason is because the allies had fresh soldiers and fresh supplies. On Nov 11, 1918 the cease fire are armistice was signed for WWI. This is going to end the fighting and declare the allies to be winners. |
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| ______________ died in WWI |
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Total __________casualties
Wounded __________ |
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| generation of European men. |
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| Europe is_________,_________,_________,_____________ Europe is also ______________at the end of WWI. |
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physically, economically, emotionally destroyed.
very bitter |
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| . From Jan-June 1919 the allies meet |
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| The result was the treaty at |
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| GB, France, want to punish |
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| GB, France, want to punish Germany. Germany had taken lead for the central powers “leader of the team”. The US wanted to create as fair as a piece as possible. |
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1. Alters the borders of Europe
2. Change Europe boarders officially created the League of Nations included article 231- war guilt clause required Germany to admit guilt for causing the war. Germany had to disarm, which included destroying all U-boats. Reduced their military to 100, 00 men. Relinquish all of their collies. Germany had to agree to pay reparations to GB, France. |
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| The German civilian gov was forced to sign |
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| The US never________________________. |
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| ratified the treaty of versatilities |
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