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| created a system of alliances which's goal was to isolate France |
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(part of Bismarck's system of alliances)
Germany, Russia, & Austria
-agreed to cooperate to maintain peace & the status quo
~[each country had an emperor] |
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(part of Bismarck's system of alliances)
Germany & Austria
-a secret defensive alliance
-mutual aid if either was attacked by Russia
-first hard alliance (specific commitment of military support) |
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| Triple Alliance/Central Powers |
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(part of Bismarck's system of alliances)Germany, Austria, & Italy
-secret defensive alliance
-Italy was angered with France over Tusinia |
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(part of Bismarck's system of alliances)Germany & Russia {3 years in length + was renewable}
-benelovent neutrality in case of war, (except if Germany was fighting France or Russia was fighting Austria) |
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(Franco-Russian Alliance)
-both nations were isolated & came together
-was a military alliance
-seemed directed @ Britain, but was really aimed @ Germany |
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| Triple Entente/Allied Powers |
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| Britain, France, & Russia |
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-another name for the Anglo-Frenche Entente
-settled all other colonial issues (in Asia & Africa)
~it shocked the world that they came together |
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| the policy of constantly building up armaments and the armed forces |
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| countires coninuously building more & more (better) weapons in response to enemy countries (doing the same) |
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| Super battleship & part of the naval race; British developed it & other countries followed |
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| the draft; most countries used it to enlarge their military |
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leading commanders in the military
(in case of war)
[each country had 1] |
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| promoted the building up the strength of the army |
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| General Alfred von Schlieffen |
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| Germany's chief of general staff who developed a battle plan (the Schlieffen Plan) to be used in the future |
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| France's plan to attack Germany through Alsace-Lorraine |
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a spirit
[French hoped it would even the #s w/ the Germans] |
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| Doctrine of the Offensive |
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| idea was that the attacker has the advantage in modern warfare |
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preparing for war: reserves, equipment, & supplies for the front
-tantamount to war |
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| Germany's idea of a world policy: Bismarck had only been concerned w/ Europe, under William II Germany had interests around the world |
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| (inventor of dynamite,), set-up the annual Nobel Peace Prize |
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| part of a woman's suffrage movement, claiming it would not support the war |
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| Archduke Francis Ferdinand |
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| heir to the Austrian throne, center of the Sarajevo crisis which lead to WWI |
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| Unity or Death /the Black Hand |
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| Serbian terrorist group that decided to kill Ferdinand |
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| killed Archduke Ferdinand (& Sophia, wife of Francis) |
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| what was given to Austria promising Germany's full support |
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| last czar of Russia who attempted to help Serbia (against Austria) |
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| German commander in the East with Ludendorff & would be in command of the war for Germany w/ the later |
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| German commander in teh East w/ Hindenburg & would be in command of the war for Germany w/ the later |
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| killed faster, a defensive weapon, improved rifles |
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| defensive weapons used to slow down the atacker |
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| larger weapons for greater destruction |
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| Germany started, used gas masks to protect themselves |
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| used to sink merchant ships, were U-boats for Germany, used to counteract German U-boats; allies developed convoys |
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| developed for warfar, later Zepplins ewre used to bomb; pilots were known as "flying aces" & fought "dogfights" |
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| used following airplanes to bomb |
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| a war fought to destroy and grind-down the enemy |
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| a form of communication aimed at influencing the attitude of a cmmunity toward some cause or position |
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| the killing of any specific group (i.e. Hitler/the Nazis killing the Jews) |
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| German Chief of Staff (later replaced by Hindenberb & Ludendorff) |
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| "butcher Haig" leader of the British army @ the (Battle of the) Somme |
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| goods shipped of military value |
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| areas in which ships may get attacked |
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| Britsh officer who worked with Arab Princess to rebel & fight the Turks |
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| war that uses all of a nation's resources, including civillians; mostly modern |
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| government took control of transportaion & industry |
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| nations working together for peace |
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| article 231 which declared that Germany was responsible for starting the war |
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| chief economic expert at the treaty (of Versailles) |
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| headed the new government [German Republic] |
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