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| a usually ascetic spiritual community of followers gathered around their guru (hinduism) |
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| the individual soul (Hinduism) |
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| an incarnation of a deity (Hinduism) |
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| Intense devotion to a personal manifestation of supreme Reality (Hinduism) |
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| The Supreme Reality (Hinduism) |
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| Priest or member of the priestly caste (Hinduism) |
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| an occupational category (Hinduism) |
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| a subtle energy center in the body (Hinduism) |
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| visual contact with the divine (Hinduism) |
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| moral order, righteousness, religion (Hinduism) |
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| spiritual teacher (Hinduism) |
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| The present degraded era (Hinduism) |
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| our actions and their effects on this life and lives to come, even unintentional (Hinduism) |
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| the invisible life force (Hinduism) |
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| ritual worship (Hinduism) |
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| after death, rebirth in a new life (Hinduism) |
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| worshiper of Shiva (Hinduism) |
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| Worshiper of the divine in female form (Hinduism) |
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| the worldly cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (Hinduism) |
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| renunciate spiritual seeker (Hinduism) |
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| the ancient language of the Vedas(Hinduism) |
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| the constitutional principle of not giving favored status to any religion (Hinduism) |
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| terse spiritual teaching (Hinduism) |
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| a sacred esoteric text with spiritual practices honoring the divine in female form (Hinduism) |
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| Worshiper of Vishnu or one of his manifestations, such as Krishna (Hinduism) |
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| Practices for union with the true self (Hinduism) |
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| Nonviolence, a central jain principle |
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| the jain principle of manifold aspects of the truth |
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| nonacquisitiveness, a major jain principle |
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| a highly ascetic order of jain monks who wear no clothes (sky-clad) |
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| the continual round of birth, death, and rebirth (Jain) |
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| Jain order of monks who are less ascetic than the digambara |
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| the great enlightened teachers in jainism, of whommahariva was the last in the present cosmic cycle |
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| the principle that there is no eternal self |
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| arhant (pali: arhat or arahat) |
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| a "worthy one" who has followed the buddha's path to liberation |
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| bhikshu (pali: bhikkhu; feminine: bhikshuni or bhikkuni) |
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| a monk or nun who renounces worldliness for the sake of following the path of liberation and whose simple physical needs are met by lay supporters |
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| a person who is dedicated to liberating others from suffering |
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| vajrayana meditation on a deity in order to develop his or her qualities |
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| the teachings and laws for conduct given by the buddha |
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| discomfert, suffering, frustration, disharmony |
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| actions; the law of cause and effect |
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| a sudden experience of enlightened awareness |
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| a question used by zen teachers to boggle the student's mind and thus liberate direct awareness |
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| the "great vehicle," the buddhist school that stresses the altruistic wish to become perfectly awakened in order to free all living beings from suffering |
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| liberation from mental afflictions, suffering, and rebirth |
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| ancient buddhist scriptures written in pali and considered authoritative |
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| cyclic existence; the continual round of birth, death, and rebirth |
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| monument containing buddhist relics or images |
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| the doctrine of voidness, emptiness |
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| the remaining orthodox school of buddhism, which adheres tot he earliest scriptures |
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| the buddha, the dharma, and the sangha |
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| the monastic community; more broadly; a dharma community |
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| a branch of mahaana buddhism practiced in the tibetan diaspora that incorporates deity yoga, mantras, mudras (hand gestures), and mandalas to achieve awakening |
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| insight. a meditation technique for developing insight into dukkha, anicca, and anatta |
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| sitting meditation, in zen schools |
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| a chinese and japanese school emphasizing that all things have buddha-nature, which can only be grasped when one escapes from the intellectual mind |
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| originally derived from the indo aryan word for sea, shindhu |
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1. no identifiable founder
2. no single revealed text
3. no single overarching institutional or ecclesiastical hierarchy which has the power to decide what was orthodox and what was not |
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| ways in which hinduism is not like many other religions1 |
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| 2 major cities of indus river valley |
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•environmental factors
•internal collapse due to political economic mismanagement
•invasions
•none or all of the above |
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| possible cause of collapse of indus valley |
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| indo-european migration thesis |
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| Thesis that aryans originated in central asia and migrated some becoming ancestors of persians and began to appear in successive waves on the indian continent. they were pastoral |
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| sacred language of the vedas |
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| "that which is heard" originally intuited by seven ancient seers who transmitted them for the benefit of the world |
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| "that which is remembered" thousands of other texts including the mahabharata and ramayana and puranas. considered to be scripture |
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| 4 parts, or samhitas, of the vedas |
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| rig veda - the oldest and most important section comprised of 1028 hymns to the vedic devas (gods) |
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1 of the main components of hinduism
high regard for vedas and vedic scriptures
firmly uphold the hierarchy of class |
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1 main component of hinduism
refers to the non-aryan high-cultures on the indian subcontinent
includes indus valley religious traditions |
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| disparate religious beliefs and practices |
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1 main component of hinduism
remote tribes etc and their practices |
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| prose texts of a more theological kind; observations instructions and comentaries on the sacrificial rites and ceremonies |
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| sacrificial rites / fire rituals |
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| pure, supreme conciousness |
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