Term
|
Definition
| form of government in which king or queen governs with complete power |
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Term
|
Definition
| social class based on a person's ancestry |
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Term
|
Definition
| government in which a king or queen is the official head of state, but elected officials run the government |
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Term
|
Definition
| when a group of people adopt another's cultural traits |
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Term
|
Definition
| when one group of people adopts another group's culture traits |
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Term
|
Definition
| process of spreading new knowledge and skills to other cultures |
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Term
|
Definition
| how a culture spreads its knowledge and skills from one area to another |
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Term
|
Definition
| way of life of a group of people who share similar beliefs and customs |
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Term
|
Definition
| practice handed down from the past |
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Term
|
Definition
| form of government in which citizens choose the nation's leaders by voting for them |
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Term
|
Definition
| government under the control of one all-powerful leader |
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Term
|
Definition
| people who share a common culture, language, or history |
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Term
|
Definition
| attitude that one's own ethnic group is superior |
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Term
|
Definition
| development of a world culture and interdependent world economy |
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Term
|
Definition
| dependence of countries on one another for goods, raw materials to make goods, and markets in which to sell goods |
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Term
|
Definition
| when countries depend on one another for goods, raw materials to make goods, and markets in which to sell goods |
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Term
|
Definition
| type of government where, through law, some control is placed on leadership's powers |
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Term
|
Definition
| group in society that controls most of the wealth and power, though not always the largest group in numbers |
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Term
|
Definition
| to move from one place to another |
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Term
|
Definition
| group of people who are different in some characteristic from the group with the most power and wealth in a region |
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Term
|
Definition
| person who flees to another country to avoid persecution or disaster |
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Term
|
Definition
| people who are forced to leave their homelands because of wars or unjust governments |
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Term
|
Definition
| duties owed by citizens to their government to make sure it can continue its functions |
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Term
|
Definition
| duties that people owe to their fellow citizens to make sure that the government continues |
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Term
|
Definition
| benefits and protections that are guaranteed by law |
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Term
|
Definition
| scientist who studies the interaction of people and society |
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Term
|
Definition
| government in which leaders rule without any restrictions |
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Term
|
Definition
| when people leave villages and farms and move to cities |
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Term
|
Definition
| rain containing high amounts of chemical pollutants |
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Term
|
Definition
| underground rock layer that stores large amounts of water |
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Term
|
Definition
| underground rock layer that water flows through |
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Term
|
Definition
| deep, narrow valley with steep-sides that a river has cut through a plateau |
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Term
|
Definition
| steep-sided lowlands that rivers have cut through a plateau |
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Term
|
Definition
| usual, predictable pattern of weather in an area over a long period of time |
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Term
|
Definition
| careful use of resources so they are not wasted |
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Term
|
Definition
| varying what is planted in a field to avoid using up all the minerals in the soil |
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Term
|
Definition
| when farmers change what they plant in a field to avoid using up all the minerals in the soil |
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Term
|
Definition
| widespread cutting down of forests |
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Term
|
Definition
| place where the plants and animals are dependent upon one another and their surroundings for survival |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| process of moving water and wind across the earth's surface, leaving the land less fertile than before |
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Term
|
Definition
| when wind or water carries soil away, leaving the land less fertile than before |
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Term
|
Definition
| crack in the earth's crust |
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Term
| geographic information systems (GIS) |
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Definition
| special software that helps geographers gather and use different kinds of information about a place |
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|
Term
| geographic information systems (GIS) |
|
Definition
| software that helps geographers gather many different kinds of information about the same place |
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Term
|
Definition
| study of the earth in all its variety-land, water, plants, and animals and how they live |
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Term
| Global Positioning System (GPS) |
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Definition
| group of satellites that travels around the earth, which can be used to pinpoint an exact location on the earth |
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|
Term
| Global Positioning System (GPS) |
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Definition
| satelites that can tell the exact latidede and longitude of any place |
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Term
|
Definition
| satelites that can tell the exact latidede and longitude of any place |
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Term
|
Definition
| buildup of certain gases in the atmosphere that, like a greenhouse, prevent the warm air from escaping into the atmosphere, resulting in increase of the earth's overall temperature |
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Term
|
Definition
| buildup of gasses from the burning of fossil fuels that prevent the warm air from rising and escaping into the atmosphere, causing the overall temperature of the earth to increase |
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Term
|
Definition
| individual feature of the land, such as a mountain or valley |
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Term
|
Definition
| powerful chemical that kills crop-destroying insects |
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Term
|
Definition
| low-lying stretch of flat or gently rolling land |
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Term
|
Definition
| theory that the earth's crust is not an unbroken shell but consists of plates, or huge slabs of rock, that move |
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Term
|
Definition
| flat land with higher elevation than a plain |
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Term
|
Definition
| area that shares common characteristics |
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Term
|
Definition
| areas near the Equator that lie between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn |
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Term
|
Definition
| low-latitude region between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn |
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Term
|
Definition
| a city and the land around it |
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Term
|
Definition
| city and its surrounding countryside |
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Term
|
Definition
| a culture that has reached a certain level of development |
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Term
|
Definition
| a culture that includes certain elements such as a system of writing, cities, and workers with specialized jobs (p. 82) |
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Term
|
Definition
| holy wars sponsored by the Catholic Church to capture Jerusalem from the Muslims |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sumerian form of writing using wooden triangular-shaped sticks in the form of hundreds of different wedge-shaped markings on moist clay tablets |
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Term
|
Definition
| area formed from soil deposited by a river at its mouth |
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Term
|
Definition
| collective name for scattered Jewish settlements around the world |
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Term
|
Definition
| follower of a specific teacher |
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Term
|
Definition
| to treat a dead body to protect it from decay; to preserve it for burial |
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Term
|
Definition
| group of lands or states under one ruler |
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Term
|
Definition
| basic religious obligations of Islam |
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Term
|
Definition
| form of picture writing; ancient form of writing that used signs and symbols |
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Term
|
Definition
| planned series of ditches to control flooding and to better water land |
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Term
|
Definition
| in Judaism and Christianity, a savior sent by God |
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Term
|
Definition
| to take care of or tend to another's needs |
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Term
|
Definition
| belief that there is only one God |
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Term
|
Definition
| tall plant of the Nile valley, used in making a form of paper |
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Term
|
Definition
| great ruler of Ancient Egypt |
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Term
|
Definition
| believing in more than one god |
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Term
|
Definition
| tomb for a pharaoh; huge stone structure that served as an elaborate tomb or monument |
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Term
|
Definition
| one who is wrongly blamed by others |
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Term
|
Definition
| one who records information by writing |
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Term
|
Definition
| form of government in which one individual ruled as both religious leader and king |
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Term
|
Definition
| area that is built up by rich fertile soil left by river floods |
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Term
|
Definition
| underground rock layer that stores large amounts of water |
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Term
|
Definition
| nomadic Arab of the deserts of Southwest Asia |
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Term
|
Definition
| government in which a king or queen is the official head of state, but elected officials run the government |
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Term
|
Definition
| area formed from soil deposited by a river at its mouth |
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Term
|
Definition
| process of removing salt to make seawater drinkable |
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Term
|
Definition
| all-powerful government leader |
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Term
|
Definition
| order that restricts or prohibits trade with another country |
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Term
|
Definition
| religious journey to Makkah that Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime if they are able to do so |
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Term
|
Definition
| government run by Muslim religious leaders |
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Term
|
Definition
| settlement or farm in Israel where the people share property and produce goods |
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Term
|
Definition
| cooperative settlement of small individual farms in Israel where people share in farming, but also own some private property |
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Term
|
Definition
| place of worship for followers of Islam |
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Term
|
Definition
| green area in a desert fed by underground water |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| title given to kings who ruled Iran |
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Term
|
Definition
| small particles of rich soil |
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Term
|
Definition
| systematic use of violence or terror to achieve certain goals |
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Term
|
Definition
| dry riverbed filled by rainwater from rare downpours |
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Term
|
Definition
| home- or village-based industry in which family members supply their own equipment to make goods |
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Term
|
Definition
| intense storm system with heavy rain and high winds |
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Term
|
Definition
| Buddhist center of prayer and study |
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Term
|
Definition
| great increase in food grains production due to the use of improved seeds, pesticides, and efficient farming techniques |
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Term
|
Definition
| plant fiber used for making rope, burlap bags, and carpet backing |
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Term
|
Definition
| seasonal wind that blows for months at a time, often affecting a region's climate |
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Term
|
Definition
| powerful chemical that kills crop-destroying insects |
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Term
|
Definition
| official who heads the government in a parliamentary democracy |
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Term
|
Definition
| rebirth of a soul in a new body |
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Term
|
Definition
| large landmass that is part of a continent but distinct from it |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| country whose government allows little or no private ownership of property and has strong control over the economy and society as a whole |
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Term
|
Definition
| goods people buy to use for themselves, such as household products, clothing, and cars |
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Term
|
Definition
| high bank of soil built along a body of water to control floods |
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Term
|
Definition
| line of rulers from the same family |
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Term
|
Definition
| group of lands under one ruler |
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Term
|
Definition
| unable to live in one's own country, usually because of political beliefs |
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Term
|
Definition
| crack in the earth's crust |
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Term
|
Definition
| economic system that operates on free competition, in which people start and own businesses with limited government intervention |
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Term
|
Definition
| industry that produces computers and other kinds of electronic equipment |
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Term
|
Definition
| basic freedoms and rights, such as freedom of speech and freedom of assembly, that all people should have (p. 171) |
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Term
|
Definition
| to put money into a business |
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Term
|
Definition
| person who moves from place to place with herds of animals |
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Term
|
Definition
| China's policy of blending capitalism and some Western freedoms with Chinese communism |
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Term
|
Definition
| many-storied Buddhist temple |
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Term
|
Definition
| head of the Roman Catholic Church |
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Term
|
Definition
| partly dry, treeless grassland often found on the edges of a desert |
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Term
|
Definition
| hurricane that occurs in Asia |
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Term
|
Definition
| large, circle-shaped tent made of animal skins that can be packed up and moved from place to place |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| family, or group of related people |
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Term
|
Definition
| government in which a king or queen is the official head of state, but elected officials run the government |
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Term
|
Definition
| line of rulers from the same family |
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Term
|
Definition
| extended, usually widespread, severe lack of food |
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Term
|
Definition
| growing crops on every available piece of land |
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Term
|
Definition
| huge urban settlement made up of several large cities |
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Term
|
Definition
| seasonal wind that blows for months at a time, often affecting a region's climate |
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Term
|
Definition
| powerful land-owning warriors in Japan |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| huge sea wave caused by an earthquake on the ocean floor |
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Term
|
Definition
| fight between different groups within a country (pp. 438) |
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Term
|
Definition
| widespread cutting of forests |
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Term
|
Definition
| area formed from soil deposited by a river at its mouth |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| place where goods can be loaded, stored, and shipped again without import taxes |
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Term
|
Definition
| seasonal wind that blows for months at a time, often affecting a region's climate |
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Term
|
Definition
| huge slab of rock that makes up the earth's crust |
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Term
|
Definition
| valuable gemstones, such as rubies, sapphires, and jade |
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Term
|
Definition
| economic system in which many businesses are owned and run by the government |
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Term
|
Definition
| narrow body of water between two pieces of land |
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Term
|
Definition
| strips of land cut out of a hillside like stair steps so the land can hold water and be used for farming |
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Term
|
Definition
| young worker who learned a trade or skill from a master teacher |
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Term
|
Definition
| official of the Christian Church |
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Term
|
Definition
| written agreement guaranteeing privileges and freedoms |
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Term
|
Definition
| relating to the ancient Greek and Roman world |
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Term
|
Definition
| process in which people, diseases, ideas, and trade were distributed around the world from the Americas |
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Term
|
Definition
| unwritten set of laws based on local customs |
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Term
|
Definition
| formal agreement that establishes the basis for a country's laws |
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Term
|
Definition
| government in which a king or queen is the official head of state, but elected officials run the government |
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Term
|
Definition
| elected chief official of the Roman Republic |
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Term
|
Definition
| place where nuns live, pray, and study |
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Term
|
Definition
| form of government in which citizens choose the nation's leaders by voting for them |
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Term
|
Definition
| belief that royalty ruled by the will of God |
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Term
|
Definition
| absolute ruler of an empire |
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Term
|
Definition
| political and social system in which a lord gave land to a noble to work, govern, and defend, in return for the noble's loyalty |
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Term
|
Definition
| medieval workers' organization |
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Term
|
Definition
| pardons for sins, given or sold by the Catholic Church |
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Term
|
Definition
| feudal estate made up of a manor house or castle and land |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| place where monks live, pray, and study |
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Term
|
Definition
| supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and other countries |
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Term
|
Definition
| term derived from Greek, meaning "love of wisdom" |
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Term
|
Definition
| Greek term for "city-state" |
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Term
|
Definition
| person who "protested" Catholic practices; today, a member of a non-Catholic Christian church |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| nation with a strong national government headed by elected leaders |
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Term
|
Definition
| great and often violent change |
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Term
|
Definition
| legislative body of government; the supreme council of the ancient Roman Republic |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| farmer or other who pays rent to another for the use of land or property |
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Term
|
Definition
| noble in medieval society who swore loyalty to a lord in return for land |
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Term
|
Definition
| system of carrying supplies by aircraft |
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Term
|
Definition
| political agreement between countries to support each other in disputes with other countries |
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Term
|
Definition
| to forcibly prevent entry to an area |
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Term
|
Definition
| economic system that allows private ownership and open competition of businesses |
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Term
|
Definition
| conflict between the U.S. and the Soviet Union dating from the late 1940s to the late 1980s, when the two superpowers competed for world influence without declared military action at each other |
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Term
|
Definition
| economic, social, and political system based on the teachings of Karl Marx, which advocated the elimination of private property |
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Term
|
Definition
| home- or village-based industry in which family members supply their own equipment to make goods |
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Term
|
Definition
| maintenance of military power for the purpose of discouraging an attack |
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Term
|
Definition
| common currency adopted by countries in the European Union |
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Term
|
Definition
| trade alliance among many European countries, formally called the Common Market |
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Term
|
Definition
| mass murder of a people because of their race, religion, ethnicity, politics, or culture |
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Term
|
Definition
| Russian policy of "openness," which permitted Soviet people to criticize the government without punishment |
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Term
|
Definition
| systematic murder by Adolf Hitler and his followers of more than 12 million people, including 6 million European Jews, during World War II |
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Term
|
Definition
| supply of people who can produce goods |
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Term
|
Definition
| system of building foreign empires for military and trade advantages |
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Term
|
Definition
| weapon whose destructive power comes from an uncontrolled nuclear reaction |
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Term
|
Definition
| Soviet policy that loosened government controls and permitted its economy to move towards capitalism |
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Term
|
Definition
| measurement of the amount of work accomplished in a given time |
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Term
|
Definition
| nation politically and economically dominated or controlled by another more powerful country |
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Term
|
Definition
| a refusal to work, usually by a labor organization, until demands are met |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| labor organization that negotiates for improved worker conditions and pay |
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Term
|
Definition
| German, Swiss, or Austrian superhighway |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| government in which two or more political parties work together to run a country |
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Term
|
Definition
| mountainous area from which rivers flow in different directions |
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Term
|
Definition
| method in which the land is left unplanted every few years so that it can store moisture |
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Term
|
Definition
| form of government in which the national and state governments share powers |
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Term
|
Definition
| steep-sided valley cut into mountains by the action of glaciers |
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Term
|
Definition
| electricity produced by natural underground sources of steam |
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Term
|
Definition
| spring that shoots hot water through a crack in the earth's crust |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| industry that produces goods such as machinery, mining equipment, and steel |
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Term
|
Definition
| able to speak several languages |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| firm that does business in several countries |
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Term
|
Definition
| describes a body of water wide and deep enough to allow the passage of ships |
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Term
|
Definition
| refusing to take sides in disagreements and wars between countries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system of democratic government where the executive power is held by a cabinet composed of members of the legislature; headed by a prime minister |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| government that also has a president, who acts as head of state |
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Term
|
Definition
| wet ground with decaying plants that can be dried and used for fuel |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| area of land reclaimed from the sea |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| nation with a strong national government headed by elected leaders |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| bringing together the two parts of Germany under one government |
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Term
|
Definition
| wooden room heated by water sizzling on hot stones |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| hot, dry winds from North Africa that blow mainly across Italy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| country that uses tax money to provide social services for sick, needy, jobless, or retired people |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| rain containing high amounts of chemical pollutants |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| mineral used to make aluminum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| goods people buy to use for themselves, such as household products, clothing, and cars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forcing people from a different ethnic group to leave their homes |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| not bordering a sea or an ocean |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| place of worship for followers of Islam |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| head of the Roman Catholic Church |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of mineral salt that is often used in fertilizers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| person who flees to another country to avoid persecution or disaster |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| resort that has hot mineral springs that people bathe in to regain their health |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partly dry, treeless grassland often found on the edges of a desert |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| economic, social, and political system based on the teachings of Karl Marx, which advocated the elimination of private property |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| goods people buy to use for themselves, such as household products, clothing, and cars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| height of land above sea level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dispute between two or more ethnic groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region that lies on both the European and Asian continents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| industry that produces goods such as machinery, mining equipment, and steel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| industry that produces goods such as clothing, shoes, furniture, and household products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dominant or main culture of a region |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| culture other than the majority culture in a region |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| person who moves from place to place with herds of animals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| green area in a desert fed by underground water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relating to the countryside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| person from the ethnic group originating in northeast Europe whose native tongue is a Slavic language |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partly dry, treeless grassland often found on the edges of a desert |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| smaller community located in the area surrounding a city |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| huge forests of evergreen trees that grow in subarctic regions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vast, rolling, treeless plain in high latitude climates in which only the top few inches of ground thaw in summer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conflict between the U.S. and the Soviet Union dating from the late 1940s to the late 1980s, when the two superpowers competed for world influence without declared military action at each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| country whose government allows little or no private ownership of property and has strong control over the economy and society as a whole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| form of government in which the national and state governments share powers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| economy driven by forces including competition, supply, and demand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Russian policy of "openness," which permitted Soviet people to criticize the government without punishment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to change an economy to rely more on manufacturing and less on farming |
|
|
Term
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Definition
| power created by a controlled atomic reaction |
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Definition
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Definition
| umbrella-like covering formed by the tops of trees in a rain forest |
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Definition
| plant with roots that can be ground to make porridge |
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Definition
| family, or group of related people |
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Definition
| structure formed by the skeletons of small sea animals |
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Definition
| widespread cutting of forests |
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Definition
| long period of extreme dryness and water shortages |
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Term
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Definition
| person who travels to another country to view its natural wonders |
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Term
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Definition
| plant or animal under the threat of completely dying out |
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Term
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Definition
| economic system that operates on free competition, in which people start and own businesses with limited government intervention |
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Term
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Definition
| type of environment in which a particular animal species lives |
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Term
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Definition
| electricity generated by flowing water |
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Term
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Definition
| huge slab of rock that makes up the earth's crust |
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Term
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Definition
| illegal hunting of protected animals |
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Term
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Definition
| person who flees to another country to avoid persecution or disaster |
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Definition
| broad grassland with few trees, found in the tropics |
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Definition
| plant fiber used to make rope and twine |
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Term
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Definition
| type of fly found in Africa south of the Sahara, whose bite can kill cattle or humans with a disease called sleeping sickness |
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Term
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Definition
| mineral used to make aluminum |
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Term
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Definition
| tropical tree whose seeds are used to make chocolate and cocoa |
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Term
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Definition
| fight between different groups within a country |
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Term
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Definition
| group of houses surrounded by walls |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which grasslands change to desert |
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Term
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Definition
| long period of extreme dryness and water shortages |
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Term
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Definition
| dry, dusty wind that blows south from the Sahara |
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Term
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Definition
| tropical tree with roots that extend both above and beneath the water |
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Term
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Definition
| to allow animals to strip areas so bare that plants cannot grow back |
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Term
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Definition
| mineral salt used in fertilizers |
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Term
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Definition
| broad grassland with few trees, found in the tropics |
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Term
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Definition
| small plot where a farmer grows only enough food to feed his own family |
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Definition
| system of laws that separated racial and ethnic groups and limited the rights of blacks in South Africa |
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Definition
| South African of Dutch ancestry |
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Definition
| large area of copper mines |
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Definition
| intense storm system with heavy rain and high winds |
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Term
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Definition
| widespread cutting of forests |
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Term
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Definition
| small territory entirely surrounded by a larger territory |
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Term
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Definition
| small part of a country that is separated from the main part |
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Term
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Definition
| country in which a great deal of manufacturing occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| method of clearing land for planting by cutting and burning forest |
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Term
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Definition
| tall grass with seeds that are used as grain |
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Term
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Definition
| South African neighborhood created for the housing of people of non-European descent |
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Definition
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Definition
| having or expressed in two languages |
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Definition
| overseas territory or settlement tied to a parent country |
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Term
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Definition
| self-governing nation that accepts the British monarch as head of state |
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Term
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Definition
| giant, slow-moving sheet of ice |
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Term
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Definition
| native to or originating from a place |
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Term
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Definition
| Canadian province created in 1999 from land that was part of the Northwest Territories |
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Term
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Definition
| taking fish from the ocean so fast that it threatens their existence in that region |
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Term
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Definition
| system of democratic government where the executive power is held by a cabinet composed of members of the legislature; headed by a prime minister |
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Term
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Definition
| official who heads the government in a parliamentary democracy |
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Term
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Definition
| regional political division similar to a state |
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Term
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Definition
| industry that provides services like banking, education, and tourism to people rather than producing goods |
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Term
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Definition
| vast, rolling, treeless plain in high latitude climates in which only the top few inches of ground thaw in summer |
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Term
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Definition
| to change the basic laws of a government |
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Term
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Definition
| areas that are joined together inside a common boundary |
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Term
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Definition
| structure formed by the skeletons of small sea animals |
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Term
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Definition
| people who share a common culture, language, or history |
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Term
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Definition
| form of government in which the national and state governments share powers |
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Term
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Definition
| fuel formed in the earth, such as coal, oil, or natural gas |
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Term
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Definition
| economic system that operates on free competition, in which people start and own businesses with limited government intervention |
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Term
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Definition
| trade without barriers like tariffs or quotas so that goods flow freely between countries |
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Term
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Definition
| area where trash companies dump the waste they collect |
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Term
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Definition
| huge urban settlement made up of several large cities |
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Term
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Definition
| reusing materials instead of throwing them away |
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Term
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Definition
| government where the people are represented by elected leaders |
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Definition
| relating to the countryside |
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Term
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Definition
| smaller community located in the area surrounding a city |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| overseas territory or settlement tied to a parent country |
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Term
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Definition
| form of government in which the national and state governments share powers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ancient form of writing that used signs and symbols |
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Term
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Definition
| tropical storm with winds of more than 74 miles (119 km) per hour and heavy rains |
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Term
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Definition
| to change an economy to rely more on manufacturing and less on farming |
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Term
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Definition
| shiny, usually green gemstone |
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Term
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Definition
| narrow strip of land that joins two larger landmasses |
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Term
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Definition
| location north or south of the Equator, measured by imaginary lines (parallels) numbered in degrees north or south |
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Term
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Definition
| Native American name for corn |
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Term
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Definition
| factory that assembles parts made in other countries |
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Term
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Definition
| person with mixed European and Native American ancestry |
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Term
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Definition
| person who travels from place to place when extra help is needed to plant or harvest crops |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| free trade agreement among United States, Mexico, and Canada |
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Term
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Definition
| money owed by a nation's government |
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Term
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Definition
| hard black glass created by the cooled molten lava of a volcano |
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Term
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Definition
| piece of land with water on three sides |
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Term
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Definition
| large farm that grows a single crop for sale |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| industry that provides services like banking, education, and tourism to people rather than producing goods |
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Term
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Definition
| small plot where a farmer grows only enough food to feed his own family |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| mineral used to make aluminum |
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Term
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Definition
| umbrella-like covering formed by the tops of trees in a rain forest |
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Term
|
Definition
| crop grown for purpose of selling |
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Term
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Definition
| partly self-governing territory |
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Term
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Definition
| country whose government allows little or no private ownership of property and has strong control over the economy and society as a whole |
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Term
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Definition
| farm owned and operated by the government |
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Term
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Definition
| person who travels to another country to view its natural wonders |
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Term
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Definition
| order that restricts or prohibits trade with another country |
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Term
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Definition
| area where people can buy goods from other countries without paying import taxes |
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Term
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Definition
| tropical storm with winds of more than 74 miles (119 km) per hour and heavy rains |
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Term
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Definition
| narrow piece of land that connects two larger pieces of land |
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Term
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Definition
| percentage of people who can read and write |
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Term
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Definition
| system of democratic government where the executive power is held by a cabinet composed of members of the legislature; headed by a prime minister |
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Term
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Definition
| large farm that grows a single crop for sale |
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Term
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Definition
| nation with a strong national government headed by elected leaders |
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Term
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Definition
| thick haze of fog and chemicals |
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Term
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Definition
| small plot where a farmer grows only enough food to feed his own family |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| low area surrounded by higher land |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| widespread cutting of forests |
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Term
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Definition
| steep cliff between higher and lower land |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| electricity generated by flowing water |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| vast treeless, grass-covered plains of South America |
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Term
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Definition
| nation with a strong national government headed by elected leaders |
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Term
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Definition
| tropical rain forest in Brazil |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Latin American farmer or farm laborer |
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Term
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Definition
| crop grown to be sold for export |
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Term
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Definition
| group of mountain ranges that run side by side |
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Term
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Definition
| group of lands under one ruler |
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Term
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Definition
| hilly region at the base of a mountain range |
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Term
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Definition
| not bordering a sea or an ocean |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| person with mixed European and Native American ancestry |
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Term
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Definition
| describes a body of water wide and deep enough to allow the passage of ships |
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Term
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Definition
| nation with a strong national government headed by elected leaders |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical used in fertilizer and explosives |
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Term
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Definition
| small plot where a farmer grows only enough food to feed his own family |
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Term
|
Definition
| Australian weapon shaped like a bent wing that either strikes a target or curves back toward the hunter |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| structure formed by the skeletons of small sea animals |
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Term
|
Definition
| steep-sided valley cut into mountains by the action of glaciers |
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Term
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Definition
| electricity produced by natural underground sources of steam |
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Term
|
Definition
| spring that shoots hot water through a crack in the earth's crust |
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Term
|
Definition
| electricity generated by flowing water |
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Term
|
Definition
| person who moves to a new country to make a permanent home |
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Term
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Definition
| small shrub of New Zealand |
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Term
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Definition
| mammal that carries its young in a pouch |
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Term
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Definition
| inland regions of Australia |
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Term
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Definition
| cattle or sheep ranch in Australia |
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Term
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Definition
| low-lying, ring-shaped island that surrounds a lagoon |
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Term
|
Definition
| tropical tree whose seeds are used to make chocolate and cocoa |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| deep crack in the Antarctic ice cap |
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Term
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Definition
| Pacific island formed by volcanic activity |
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Term
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Definition
| layer of ice above water in Antarctica |
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Term
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Definition
| chunk of a glacier that has broken away and floats free in the ocean |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny, shrimp-like animal that lives in the waters off Antarctica and is food for many other animals |
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Term
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Definition
| Pacific island formed of coral and having little vegetation |
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Term
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Definition
| type of oxygen that forms a layer in the atmosphere and protects all living things on the earth from certain harmful rays of the sun |
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Term
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Definition
| mineral salt used in fertilizers |
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Term
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Definition
| language formed by combining elements of several different languages |
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Term
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Definition
| area temporarily placed under control of another nation |
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Term
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Definition
| horizontal (bottom) or vertical (side) line of measurement on a graph |
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Term
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Definition
| graph in which vertical or horizontal bars represent quantities |
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Term
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Definition
| graphic way of presenting information clearly |
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Term
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Definition
| round or pie-shaped graph showing how a whole is divided |
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Term
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Definition
| combination bar and line graph giving information about temperature and precipitation |
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Term
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Definition
| line connecting all points at the same elevation on a contour map |
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Term
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Definition
| drawing that shows steps in a process or parts of an object |
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Term
|
Definition
| height of land above sea level |
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Term
|
Definition
| cutaway diagram showing changes in elevation of land |
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Term
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Definition
| one-half of the globe; the Equator divides the earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres; the Prime Meridian divides it into Eastern and Western Hemispheres |
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Term
|
Definition
| location north or south of the Equator, measured by imaginary lines (parallels) numbered in degrees north or south |
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Term
|
Definition
| graph in which one or more lines represent changing quantities over time |
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Term
|
Definition
| location east or west of the Prime Meridian, measured by imaginary lines (meridians) numbered in degrees east or west |
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Term
|
Definition
| graph in which small symbols represent quantities |
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Term
|
Definition
| differences in height in a landscape; how flat or rugged the surface is |
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Term
|
Definition
| relationship between distance on a map and actual distance on the earth |
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Term
|
Definition
| on a map, a divided line showing the map scale, usually in miles or kilometers |
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