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| "understanding" - Britain, France, and Russian alliance formed in 1907, before WWI |
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| muslim prince allied to British India; technically a semi-autonomous dpeuty of the Mughal emperor |
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| The rule over much of South Asia between 1765 and 1947 by the East India Company and then by a British government |
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| material used the most in stell making before iron |
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| Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882) |
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| Itliant nationalist and revolutinonary who conquere Dicily and naples and added them toa unified Italy in 1860. |
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| Chancellor of Prussia from 1862-1871, when he bacome chanclleor of Germany. A conservative nationalist, he led prussia to vitory against Austria (1866) and France (1870) and created the Gemran Empire in 1871. |
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| 1835-1908 empress of china nd mother of emperior Guangxi. She put her son on house arrest, supported foreign movemetns, and resisted reforms of the Chinese governmetn and armed forces. |
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| Yamagata Aritomo (1838-1922) |
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| one of hte leadersof the Meiji restoration |
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| British victory of the Mahdi in Sudan in 1898 due to rapid -firing rifles and machine guns. |
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| Henry Morton Stanley (1841-1904) |
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| British american epxlorer of Africa, famous for expeditions in search of Dr. David Livingstone. Stanldey helped King Leopold II establish the Congo Free State |
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| King of Belgium. He was actinve in encourageing the exploration of Central AFrica and became the ruler of Congo |
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| Savorgann de Brazza 1852-1905 |
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| Franco-italian explorer sent by the French governemtn to claim part of equatorial AFrica for France. Founded Brazzaville, capital of French OCngo in 1880 |
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| Berlin Conference 1884-85 |
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| Conf. that German chanclleor otto von Bismark called to set urles for the parition of AFrica. It led to creattion of congo free satte under Leopold II |
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| AFrican kindgomo on teh Gold coast that epxanded rapidly after 1680. praticipated in the atalntic economy. Resisted Britiish impieral ambitions for a quarter century before being absorbed into Britan's Gold Coast colony in 1902 |
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| empoer or ethopia. He enlarged Ehhiopia to its present dimensions and defeated an Italian invasion at Adowa(1896). |
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| Emilio Aguinaldo (1869-1964) |
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| lEADER Of Filipino independence momvent against Spain 1895-1898. Made Philippines indpendeing in 1899 but movement was crushed by US army in 1901. |
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| Arab Prince, leader of the ARab reolvt in WWI. The British made him knig of Iraq in 1921, reigned unber brits until 1933. |
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| Statemtn issued by Britain Balfour in 1917 favoring the establishment of Jewish homeland in Palestine. |
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| New Economic Policy - Lenins 1921 plan to encourage revival of Societ economy by allowing small private enterprises. Replaced in 1928 with series of Five Year Plans |
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| Chinese nationalist revolutionary, founder and leader of the Guomindang until his death. he attempted to create a liberal democratic political movement in China but was thrwareted |
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| Chinese general and first pres of Chines erpeublic. |
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| Margarat Sanger 1883-1966 |
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| AMerican nurse nad autheor, pioneer in movement of famliy plannign organ zed ocnverences and established birht control clinics |
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| German physisitt devloped quantum theory |
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| Chaing Kai-Shek (1886-1975) |
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| Chinise military and political leader, succeded Sun-Yat-Sen as head of Guominang in 1925, headed Chinese govt 1928 to 1948, fougnat aignst chinese communists. |
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| Leader of Chinese Communist Party led communits on LONG MARCH and reubilt comunist party and red army duering japanese occupations of China. After WWII, led communists to ivctory over Guomindang. |
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| turnign point in teh war begween germanya nd USSR. site of red army victory over german. |
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| japan losing ari craft carriers |
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| Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964) |
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| Indian statseman. succeeded Gandhi as leader of Indian National Congress. He negotiated the end of british colonlil rule in india, first prime minister of indai. |
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| Muhammad Ali Jinnah 1875-1948 |
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| Indian muslim politicain who founded hte state of Pakistan. Lawyer by training, joined all india muslim leageu. |
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| Sengalese poltical leader He was first afriacan elected to French National Assempby. helped reccurit africans to serve in French army in WWI. |
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| African National Congress |
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| an organation dedicated to obtatining equal voting and civil rights for balck inhabitanst sof south africa. founded in 1912 as the south african native national congress, it changed its name in 1923. it was banned and leaders were jealied. |
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| Emproer of Ethopia in 1930-1974 and symbol of african inependence. fought itlaian invasion. |
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| Emiliano Zapata 1879-1919 |
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| revolutionary and leader of peasents in mexican revolution. movilized landless peasesnts to divide lands of wealthy landowners. |
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| Franscio "Pancho" VIlla 1877-1923 |
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| pouplar leader in mexican revolutions. outlaw in youth, formed a cavalry armiy in north mexico fought fro frights of landless. |
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| Lazaro Cardenas 1895-1970 |
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| President of Mexico 1934-1940. Borught major changes to mexicaln life, distrubted acres to peasenas nationlizing oil indurstry. |
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| Hipolito Irigoyen (1850-1933) |
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| argentine potlician, presient of argenta from 1916-1930. first elected by universal male sufffrage. |
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| Getulio Vargas (1883-1954) |
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| Dictator of Brazil from 1930 to 194. Doverthrew govt and created dict. |
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| Juan Peron (1895 to 1974) |
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| President of Argentina 1946-1974), military officer chapmioned rights of labor. |
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| Eva Duarte Peron 1919 to 1952 |
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| wife of juan peron and champion of poor in ARgentina. she was gifted poltical speadker. |
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| US program support reconsturction of westerneurope after WWII |
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| in Finland by USSR and western Europe human rights |
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| Salvador Allende 1908=1973 |
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| Socioalist politician elected pres of Chile in 1970 and killed by military attack in 1973 |
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| Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini 1900-1989 |
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| Shi'ite philopher and cleric led overthrow of Iran in 1979 created an islamic republic |
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| alliances of coprotionand banks dominate japanese econompoy |
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| south korea, taiwan, hong kong, and singapore |
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| Communist Party leader who fored Chinese economic refomrs after death of Mao zedong |
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