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| according to Aryan belief, the single spiritual power that resides in all things |
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| fancy or stylized writing |
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| in traditional Indian soceity, unchangeable social group into which a person is born |
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| group of families with a common ancestor |
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| rise and fall of Chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of Heaven |
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| loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military services and other support to a greater lord |
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| fine, windblown yellow soil |
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| person who devotes their life to seeking spiritual truths |
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| bone used by priests in Shang China to predict the future |
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| raised area of level land |
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| elected warrior chief of an Aryan tribe in ancient India |
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| large landmass that juts out from a continent |
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| special regard (especially for animals) |
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| medical treatment in which needles are inserted under the skin at specific points to relieve pain or treat various illnesses |
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| an essential self (brahman) |
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| system of numbers based on 10 |
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| the religious and moral duties of an individual |
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| different or opposing ideas |
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| payment to the bridegroom or his family in an arranged marriage |
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| policy of increasing the amount of territory a government holds |
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| period of great cultural acheivement |
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| family organization in which several generations share a common dwelling |
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| in Hindu belief, all the actions that affect a person's fate in the next life |
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| someone sent on religious missions |
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| in Hindu belief, the ultimate goal of existence, achieving union with brahman |
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| complete control of a product or business by one person or group |
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| in Buddhism, union with the universe and release from the system of rebirth |
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| the belief in the rebirth of the soul in another bodily form |
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| 4 Noble Truths of Buddhism |
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1. All life is full of suffering, pain, and sorrow
2. The cause of suffering is the desire for things
3. The only cure for suffering is to overcome desire
4. The only way to overcome desire is to follow the Eightfold Path |
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Right views and aspirations-understanding and committing oneself
Right speech, conduct,livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and contemplation-live a moral lifee, avoiding evil words and actions |
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Location: Ganges Valley
Special: Had libraries, schools, palaces, and parks
Government: well organized bureaucracy
Emperors: Chandraguptra, Maurya, Asoka
Cause of Decline: After Asoka's death, princes battled for control |
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Location: Deccan Plateau
People: Dravidians and Aryans
Tamil Kingdoms: Often ruled by Queens, Rich literary history, trade is important
Religion: Hindu and Buddhist |
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Location: Northern India
Government: Strong central government, some power to villages
Trade/Farming: Exported cotton, pottery, and some metalware to East Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia
Arts/Learning: Paintings on temple walls, Recorded fables in sanskrit, religious schools also taught medicine, literature, and physics |
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-vegetarian
-Buddhist
-created rest stops
-planted trees
-protected animals
-peacefully united empire |
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| The 5 Key Relationships of Confucionism |
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Father> Son
Elder Brother> Younger Brother
Hunsband> Wife
Ruler> Subject
Friend <> Friend |
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-believed men were better than women
-was brutally honest
-elders are more important and deserve respect
-leaders should be well-educated and virtuous so as to lead by good example
-dedicated his life to public service
-be satisfied with your caste
-NOt a religion perse |
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| Confucionism but more dominantly "Harmony with Nature" |
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-abolished feudalism in China
-created 36 military districts with appointed local official to administer them (would send inspectors and spies)
-forceed noble families to live in his capital Xianyang so as to keep an eye on them
-distributed lands of displaced nobles to peasants
-standarized weights, measure, and cart axles
-Qin coins
-uniformed Chinese writings
-repaired and extended roads and canals
-against Confucious (only books allowed medicine and agriculture)
-GREAT WALL OF CHINA |
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Liu Bang (illiterate leader defeats Shi Huangdi and starts Han dynasty)
-lowered taxes
-set up Confucian scholars and advisors
Wudi: trained scholars, set up a university, improved canals and roads, set up granaries, reorganized finances by putting government monopoly on iron and salt, OPENED THE SILK ROAD |
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-texts on chemistry, zoology, botany, and astronomy
-improved calendars and time keepers
-invented seismograph
-physicians diagnosed diseases, herbal remedies, anesthetics, and accupuncture
-invented durable paper out of wood pulp
-advanced methods of ship building and created the rudder
-invented iron/bronze stirrups, fishing reels, wheelbarrows, suspension bridges, and chain pumps
-had splendid temples, palaces, and parks |
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| The Sacred texts of Hinduism were? |
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| The late sacred texts of Buddhism? |
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| The sacred text of Daoism? |
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| What evidence is there that the Indus Valley civilization was advanced? |
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-Cities laid out in rectangular, grid patterns
-modern plumbing
-uniform system of weights and measures
-steady supply of grain
-strong pwerful government
-uniform brick sizes |
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| Why do we know so little about the Indus Valley civilization? |
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| Archaeolists still havent uncovered the names of kings or queens, tax records, literature, or accounts of famous victories |
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| What do the Vedas tell us about Aryan society and religion? |
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| people were divided into groups by occupation, priests as most important |
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