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| famous poet. Met girl name Beatrice and fell in love with her and wrote many poems about her. Most famous work is Divine Comedy. |
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| Dante's most famous work. Long poem that includes 3 parts, heaven, purgatory and hell. The whole poem is filled with real people. |
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| Began in Northern Italy, especially Florence. Means "rebirth." The educated men and women of Italy hoped to bring back life to classical culture of Greece and Rome. Time of intellectual and artistic creativity. |
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| person who organizes, manages, and takes the risks of running a business. |
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| everyday language. Dante wrote Divine Comedy in this text. |
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| Italian poet that wrote in both Italian and Latin. Wrote beautiful sonnets in the honor of a women Laura. His writing showed new idea of beauty. |
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| Florentine merchant who crossed the ocean. His letters describing the trip eventually helped to create an accurate map of the world. America is named after him. |
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| captain of the expedition that rounded the Cape of Good Hope. Provided Portugal with a direct sea route to India. |
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| pope that hired Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. The Sistine Chapel was very important to him because cardinals met there to elect a new pope. |
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| Michelangelo's work of The Virgin Mary cradling Jesus' limp body. It is carved out of a single block of marble. |
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| Michelangelo's famous sculpture of David. David is portrayed as a biblical warrior and king. He stands 16 feet tall. |
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| Painted the walls of Julius II's private library. Transformed the library into kind of a renaissance hall of fame. |
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| Raphael's painting on one of the pope's library walls. This depicted Aristotle and Plato in deep discussion. Around them were various groups of listeners. |
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| One of the famous sculptors, painters and architects of all time. Created many famous statues and paintings. Was hired by Pope Julius II to paint The Sistine Chapel ceiling. |
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| Leonardo's fresco painting on a monastery in Milan. Shows Jesus' breaking bread with 12 apostles the night before the betrayal. It's famous for it's power and orginality. |
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| Leonardo's great masterpiece. The Mona Lisa is a portrait of a Florentine woman. People say her face tends to change expressions. |
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| A scientist and an artist. Created the two most famous paintings in history, "The Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper." Often butted heads with Michelangelo. |
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| Son of Lorenzo de Medici. Became pope, Raphael was one of his favorite artists. |
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| Written by Machiavelli. A book of advice for rulers. |
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| Wrote The Prince. Bitter about the invasion of Italy by foreigners. Tried to understand why one ruler succeeded and another failed. |
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| Sculptor who wanted his figures to seem real and alive. First to make a large, free-standing human figure in the nude. Also famous for his heroic statuses of men on horseback. |
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| Wealthiest man of his time. Won control of government of Florence. Became virtual dictator of Florence. He took pleasure in beautifying the city he ruled. |
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| Also known as "Lorenzo the Magnificent." Grandson of Cosimo. Ruled with absolute power and held the goodwill of the common people. |
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| Worked on Cathedral of Florence. Caped the cathedral with a giant dome. One of the losers in the Baptistry doors. |
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| Called the "father of modern painting." Created the principals of perspective. |
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| Dreamed of planting an English colony in North America. Organized two expeditions landing on Roanoke Island. The first ended in them coming home because of lack of food. In the second trip they never returned home. |
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| Book that told young people how to become an accomplished person whom everyone would admire. Renaissance men tried to live up to this ideal. Women had the same expectations, except not to seek fame as men were. |
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| Author of "The Courtier." Wrote to help people become someone everyone would admire. |
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| Helped spread Renaissance to northern Europe. German engraver. His work and realism helped inspire other artists. |
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| First great renaissance painter in Flanders. Used new-oil based paints that made his work look realistic. Helped influence later arisits in northern Europe. |
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| Scolars who studied classical texts. Comes from humanitas meaning "the learning that every edcucated, civilized person should have. Petrarch is considered the first humanist. |
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