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| Degrees NORTH or SOUTH of the EQUATOR (Horizontal) |
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| Degrees EAST or WEST of the PRIME MERIDIAN (Vertical) |
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| Illustrate natural features, landscape with shading |
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| Illustrate political units, states with colors and lines |
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| Absolute or relative; reference to locate a place (latitude and longitude) |
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| Human (land use, agriculture) and physical (mountains, rivers) characteristics of a location |
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| Human-Environment Interaction |
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| How humans shape the Environment |
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| Migration of people (and animals) |
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| The world is divided into regions for manageable study, defined by characteristics that unites the area |
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| Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Oman, Quatar, Kuwait, Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Turkey, Lebanon, Cyprus |
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| Capital of Czech Republic |
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| Capital of Macedonia FYROM |
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| The man who created Islam |
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1. One God
2. Pray five times daily
3. Fasting during Ramadan
4. Give to the poor
5. Pilgrimage to Mecca |
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| A cubical stone shrine containing the Black Stone |
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| A successor to the Prophet (Muhammad) |
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| The supporters of Muawiya and his successors |
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| Fight between the Sunnis and Shi'ites |
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| The dynasty of the descendants of Abbas, the uncle of Muhammad |
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| Factors that influenced the Spread of Islam |
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| Langage, Trade, and Geography |
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| Pépin's son; the greatest of all Frankish Kings |
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| The empire of the Frankish Kings that lasted from 481 to 814 AD |
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| The Roman empire ruled by the Popes |
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| A government system in which local lords have control over small cities. |
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| a disease that plagued Europe and wiped out huge amounts of people |
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| The Raids of the Christian Crusaders trying to reclaim the Holy Land from the Seljuq Turks |
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| A series of conflicts between England and France that lasted 116 years |
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