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| Societys knowledge, art, beliefs, customs and values |
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| objects that people used in the past, made or used. such as coins, pottery and tools |
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| Humanlike being that walked upright |
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| archaelogist, found one of oldest hominids which was nicknamed Lucy |
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| Husband and wife archaelogoist team who found a hominid fossil in Tanzania in 1959 |
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aka "Old Stone Age"
from 2.5 million years ago to 10,000 years ago |
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| People who move from place to place with no legitimate home |
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| The belief that everything has a spirit or soul |
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"New Stone Age"
8000 BC to 3000 BC |
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| The shift from hunting&gathering to farming (about 10,000 years ago) |
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| Breeding of plants and animals to make them more useful to humans |
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| Nomads who travel and depend on livestock for food & travel |
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| Huge stones used to make spiritual monuments |
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| Period after Stone Age where people began to make bronze |
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| Area of land that curves between Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf |
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| Pyramid Shaped Structure in heart of Mesopotamian temples |
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| city with its own government |
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| Brilliant warrior turned king who united all of Mesopotamia into what became the Babylonian Empire |
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| An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth |
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| Several tribes with related languages that invaded Mesopotamia |
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| The most famous Chaldean king who was once a warrior and a builder |
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| The sacred text of Judaism |
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| ancestral fathers which were Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob |
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| Expedition where Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt |
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| The scattering of the Jews outside of Judah |
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| Persian king who led a revolt against Medes, won and united Media and Persia under his rule |
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| Persian ruler, formed the idea of having satraps (satrapy) |
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| Governors who ran a region and served under the king (Darius) |
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| formed Zoroasterism and taught the idea of dualism |
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| The belief that the world is controlled by 2 opposing forces, good & evil |
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| Rocky stretches marked by currents and rapids |
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| a highly structured organization managed by officials |
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| a state ruled by religious figures |
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| Egyptian pharaoh that led his army to confront the Hitties and lost |
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| tall thin pillars in Egyptian temples with pyramid shaped tops |
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| a spirit of a person separated from the body |
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| granite slab containing 3 of the same passage, one in Greek, one written in hieroglyphics and the other in demotics. found by a friend soldier in 1799 |
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| Egyptian king, head of Kushites |
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| to refine iron from its ore |
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| walled fortress, enclosed city |
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| bands of villages under regional leaders |
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| 4 social classes of the Vedic society |
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| smaller divisions of varnas |
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| sum effect of deeds and actions during life |
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| one of the oldest religions in India |
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| ultimate goal of human existence; to escape the cycle of rebirth (reincarnation) |
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| state of perfect peace where the soul would be free of suffering forever |
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| fertile soil picked up by river |
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| gathering of wealthy nobles |
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| inscribed bits of animal bones or turtle shell where the Shang would ask advice from their ancestors |
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| where the gods would support the ruler, but would not accept or let anyone corrupt hold the throne |
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| based on the teachings of Confucius, it is the practice of expressing respect and love for others, through manners and rituals including honoring ones ancestors |
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| based on teachings of Laozi, it is the practice of retreating from laws of society and yielding laws of nature |
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| polis built around a high area |
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