1. with; on, by (in oaths) (prep.) {Gis naa lë ag Yamar. I saw you with Yamar. | Furset ag paaka lëy lekkee. She eats with a fork and a knife. | Wax naa ag Bubakar ag Yassin. I talked with Boubacar and Yacine. | ag sama bakkan: by my life};

2. and {conjoins Ns or VNs || Man ag Bintë wëy nañu. Bineta and I sang. | Gis naa lë ag Yamar. I saw you and Yamar. | Wax naa ag Bubakar ag Yaasin. I talked with Boubacar and Yacine. | Fecc ag wëy laa fa def. I did some dancing and singing there.}

¶ yam ag

a, an {may replace benn with following b-class Ns, and, for some speakers, with most other Ns || ab xarit. a friend}

¶ as (a), aw (a), ay (some)

in phrase: bë abada

[<Ar abadan 'eternity, forever']

Abijaŋ

in peace {Na rees as jàmm! May it be digested in peace!}

¶ Bë subë ag jàmm!, ci jàmm, Demal ag jàmm!, Fanaanal ag jàmm!, Jàmm ag jàmm!, Na ràpp ag jàmm!, Na rees ag jàmm!

surgical stitch, suture; hook-and-eye fastener {C:b || Doktëër bi dindi na agaraaf yi. The doctor took out the stitches.}

[<Fr agrafe]

to arrive (here) (intr.) {Agsil ci jàmm! Arrive in peace!}

<var: yegsi>

to put (something) on top (of something); to pull up (something) at the bottom: for instance, to pull up the bottoms of one's pants legs (tr.) {Ajal siis bi ci armuwaar bi. Put the chair on the top of the armoire. | Ajal sa pantaloŋ! Pull up your pants legs!}

1. pilgrimage during the Tabaski season {C:g};

2. to make a pilgrimage at Tabaski (intr.)

[<Ar Hajj]

1. woman who has been to Mecca on a Tabaski pilgrimage {C:b};

2. (respectful term of address, used to a woman who has been to Mecca on a Tabaski pilgrimage, or a woman named for such a woman)

[<Ar Hajjah]

<var: ajaratu>

person from Cayor (Senegal) {C:b}

¶ Kaayoor

bean cake {C:b}

[<Yor akara]

activity {C:b}

[<Fr activité]

¶ bare aktiwite, ànd ag aktiwite

1. for (benefactive) (V suff.) {bind: to write, bindal: to write for};

2. make (causative) (V suff.) {wow: to dry (intr.), wowal: to dry (tr.), to make dry};

3. (imper. sg.) (V suff.) {pl. -leen || drops before nonsubj. clts.}

<var: -ël>

to wear out (something) (tr.)

¶ Yàlla alak

possession, goods, fortune {C:j}

[<Ar Halal 'a permitted thing']

¶ am alal, fàggu alal

1. to fine (tr.);

2. to fine (someone an amount) (2tr.) {Ñaari tééméér lañu ko alamaan. He was fined 1,000 F.cfa.};

3. fine {C:b}

[<Fr l'amende]

teacher in a Koranic school {C:—}

[<Ar khaliifah 'caliph']

Thanks be to God!

[<Ar al-Hamdu lillah]

<var: Alxamdulaaxi!>

policeman {C:b}

[<Ar al-qaaDi 'magistrate']

alcohol {C: b}

[<Fr alcool, Ar al-koHool]

match {C: b}

[<Fr allumette]

1. type of tropical fruit {C: b};

2. alom tree {C: g}

<var: aloom>

well, then; well, so

[<Fr alors]

Monday {C: b}

[<Ar al-ithneen]

Thursday {C: b}

[<Ar al-xamiis]

<var: Alxames, Alhemes>

the Koran {C: b,j}

[<Ar al-quraan]

¶ dem Alxuraan, tééré Alxuraan, wàcc Alxuraan

1. to have, to have in it; to get a seat on (a mode of public transportation); to be (a certain age) (tr.) {Yaasin dafa am muus. Yacine has a cat. | Néég bi dafa am benn taabël. The room has a table in it. | Am ngë kaar? Did you get (a seat) on the bus? | Am na juróómi at. She is five years old.};

2. for there to be, for there to exist {generally used in non-foc. form—see am na, amul || Ñaar ag ñett soo ko boole am juróóm. Two and three: if you add it up there's five. | Daaya fi amoon. There was a brush fire here. | Dafa am kuy fëgg. There is someone knocking.}

¶ Amoon na fi, Bi m amee yaa fekke?, mën na am

or (in a question); or not (ends a question)

¶ am déét

his, her (N suff.)

<var: -ëm>

one day {+MC || Am bës ma dem Cees, Am na bës ma dem Cees. One day I went to Thiès.}

<var: am na bës>

to have diarrhea (intr.)

¶ biiram...daw

am daŋar

to be serious, be determined (intr.)

¶ am fullë ag fàyda

to have a strong personality, be able to take care of oneself (intr.)

<var: am fullë>

to have a bad attitude (vulgar, intr.)

¶ bare gat

to be ashamed of (a fact) (ptr.) {Moom daal dafa am gàcce ci li doomam biir. She was ashamed of the fact that her daughter was pregnant.}

am kaŋ

to remember what has been done for one, remember where one has come from; to be committed to one's relationship (intr.)

<var: am wóllëré>

to be important (intr.)

[maanaa <Ar ma9anaa 'meaning']

to have an upset stomach, have a stomach ache, have cramps, have colic (intr.)

¶ biiram...metti

1. there is, there are, there exists, there exist {preceed by sg. (usually mass) N or followed by sg. or pl. N, usualy accompanied by a loc. (often initial) || Ganaar am na ci frijidéér bi. There is chicken in the refrigerator. | Frijidéér bi am na ñeenti ganaar. There are four chickens in the refrigerator. | Ceeb am na. There is some rice. | Am na ceeb bu des. There is some rice that is left, There is some rice left. | Néég bi am na benn taabël. There is a table in the room. | Kaar am na tay? Is there a bus today? | Fii am na ay xale. There are some children here.};

2. (it) was (a certain amount of time) ago {used with a bi clause|| Bi ma ko gëjéé gis am na ñaari at. When I saw him was two years ago, It was two years ago that I saw him, I saw him two years ago.}

to be virtuous, honorable (intr.)

¶ gore

to be important, to be helpful (intr.)

<var: am jariñ>

am saŋs

to have good luck, be fortunate (intr.)

[saŋs <Fr chance]

to be important (intr.)

¶ Loolu amul solo!

to be feeling better (intr.)

¶ tane

am taŋ

to have the time, to have nothing else to do (intr.)

¶ amul taŋ, amul taŋwam

to have it be one's turn to entertain (intr.) {Dafa am tuur. It's her turn to have a party.}

¶ aye tuur

to have a medical appointment (intr.)

[wisit <Fr visite]

maybe {+S || Amaana Bubakar moo ko moom. Maybe it belongs to Boubacar.}

¶ mën na

1. to create (of God), to find, to locate (tr.);

2. to find for (2tr.) {Amal nga ma jën? Did you find fish for me?}

[? <Ar 9amal 'to do, make']

embassy {C: b}

[<Fr ambassade]

<var: ambaasaad>

1. to owe to (someone) (tr.);

2. to owe (something) to someone (2tr.)

America {prop; C: b}

[<Fr Amérique]

Amerikeŋ

American (person) {C: b}

[<Fr américain]

amen (response to a blessing)

[<Ar amiin]

in abundance {used alone as a response or as an adv. || —Màngo am na fi? —Ampagaay! —Are there mangoes here? —In abundance! | Am naa màngo ampagaay. I have mangoes in abundance.}

[<Fr en pagaille]

not to exist (neg., intr.) {used only with sg. subj., which may follow the V || Nit ku dul juum amul. There's no one who doesn't make mistakes. | Fii amul Sééréér, Sééréér amu fi. There are no Serer people here.}

<var: amut>

amul taŋ

amul taŋam

amul taŋwam

where is, where are; how is, how are {followed by N or mu-set clt. || Ana xale yi? Where are the children? | Ana mu? Where is he? | Ana sa yaay? Where is your mother?, How is your mother? | Ana ñu? Where are they?, Where are we?}

¶ fan

unit of measure for grain; large quantity {C: w || Tuur na ma andaari wax. He poured out a large quantity of words to me, He talked to me at length.}

[<Pou andaar <Ar qinTaar 'quintal']

for a while, for the time being {jàpp: to hold, jàppandi: to  hold onto for a while, for the time being | muñ: to be patient, muñëndi: to be patient for a while}

<var: -ëndi>

together (V suff.) {fo: to play, fowandoo: to play together | gis: to see, gisandoo: to see together | lekk: to eat, lekkoo: to eat together}

<var: -oo>

1. there is {N suff.—interpreted as sg. unless N is preceded by ay || Kërëngë. There is a house. | Ay kërëngë. There are some houses. | Amadoonga. There is Amadou.};

2. (3sg. rem. imperf.) {sg. N suff. || Amadoonga lekk. Amadou is eating (there).}

<var: -ëngë>

¶ mungë

1. here is {N suff.—interpreted as sg. unless N is preceded by ay || Kërëngi. Here is a house. | Ay kërëngi. Here are some houses. | Amadoongi. Here is Amadou.};

2. (3sg. neut.-prox. imperf.) {sg. N suff. || Amadoongi lekk. Amadou is eating.}

<var: -ëngi>

¶ atangi nii, mungi

1. blue makeup used to color the lips and chin {C: j};

2. to put blue makeup on (someone's) lips or chin (tr.)

(reverse causative) (V suff.) {underlyingly -(C)anti || lëj: to be tangled, lijjanti: to untangle}

<var: -arñi, -arci, -arbi>

¶ -i (un-)

yes (used in asnwer to a negative question)

<var: ankay>

1. to each lunch (intr.);

2. lunch (n.) {C: b}

to be jealous (intr.)

<var: iñaan>

¶ kañaan

to be jealous of (tr.)

<var: iñaane>

conductor (on the kaar rapit); apprentice {C: b}

[<Fr apprenti]

Arab; Arabic language {C: b}

[<Fr arabe, <Ar 9arab]

to be immoral, to be prohibited by religious law (intr.)

[<Ar Haraam]

alphabet

[<Ar Harf]

<var: arafi>

1. to make small balls of millet flour (intr.);

2. to make small balls of (millet flour) (tr.);

3. small balls of millet flour {C: b}

¶ karaw

bus stop, kaar raapit stop {C:b}

[<Fr arrêt]

stop! (addressed to a car, bus, taxi)

[<Fr arrêt]

1. to stop (of a car, for instance) (intr.);

2. to stop —ing (aux.+V) {Arete na ko lekk. He stopped eating it.}

[<Fr arrêter]

bean: especially white bean or navy bean {C:b}

[<Fr haricot]

green pea {C:b}

[<Fr haricot vert]

to be succcessful, to have arrived (intr.)

[<Fr arriver]

1. grave (n.) {C:w};

2. cemetery, graves (pl) {C:y}

armoire, closet {C:b}

[<Fr armoire]

<var: armoor>

a, an {replaces benn for some speakers with s-class Ns || as ndaw: a lady}

¶ ab, aw (a), ay (some)

annual tithe given to the mosque, to one's dependents, or to charity, or part of this annual tithe {C:b,g}

[<Ar az-zakaah]

sky {C: s}

[<Ar as-samaa']

plate  {C:b}

[<Fr assiette]

aspirin {C:b}

[<Fr aspirine]

<var: asporo>

hello; peace be with you

[<Ar as-salaam 9aleekuum]

<var: salaamaalekum>

may God forgive me!

[<Ar astaghfiru allah]

let alone, much less {follows neg. S, preceding N or V || Amuma sax velo, astamalaak oto. I don't even have a bicycle, let alone a car. | Mënul dox, astamalaak daw. He can't walk, much less run.}

[? <Ar istimlaak 'seize']

for it to have been — years that {+FMC; used with a preceding number || Ñaari atangi nii mu fiy jàngee. It's been two years that he's been studying here.}

<var: at mungi nii>

1. to have tea in the traditional Mauritanian style (intr.);

2. tea served in the traditional Mauritanian style {C:b,j}

<var: àttaaya>

aviyoŋ

airplane {C:b}

[<Fr avion]

<var: abiyoŋ>

a, an {replaces benn for some speakers with w-class Ns || aw fas: a horse}

¶ ab, as (a), ay (some)

awaŋs

1. to put down (an amount) as a down payment (tr.);

2. to give (someone) a down payment of (an amount) (2tr.) {Awaŋsal ñaa tééméér! Put down 1,000 F.cfa! Awaŋs ma ñaa tééméér. He gave me a down payment of 1,000 F.cfa.}

[<Fr avance]

to advance, move forward (in position, literal or social) (intr.)

[<Fr avancer]

1. lawyer {C: b};

2. avocado {C: b}

[<Fr avocat]

<var: avokaa>

April {C:b}

[<Fr avril]

to relieve, substitute for; to sing backup for; to catch (something thrown or falling from above) (tr.) {Sama paan dafa diis, awu ma. My basket is heavy, relieve me.}

<var: aw>

1. turn {C:g || Sa ay lë. It's your turn.};

2. quarrel {C:w};

3. to quarrel (intr.)

¶ bare ay

some {precedes pl N; not used with an article; -y after possessive pron. || Fii am na ay xale. There are some children here. | say buumi nafa: your purse strings}

¶ ab, as (a), aw (a)

week {C:y}

<var: ay bes, ayu bës>

1. let's (do it) {Ayca! Let's!, Let's do it!};

2. let's — {followed by ñu + V || Ayca ñu lekk! Let's eat!}

<var: aywa>

to have it be one's turn to entertain (intr.) {Moo aye tuur. It's her turn to entertain.}

¶ am tuur

airport {C:b}

[<Fr aéroport]

custom {poss; C:j}

[<Ar 9aadah]

need, anxiety {poss; C:j}

[<Pou haju <Ar Hajah]

¶ am aajo

scholar, learned person {C:j}

[<Ar 9aalim]

<var: alim>

1. around (V suff.) {dox: to walk, doxaan: to walk around with, court; lekk: to eat, lekkaan: to eat around, eat here and there};

2. (past habitual) (V suff.) {used in past saa yu and 'ever' Cl. || Saa yu ko lekkaan feebar. Every time she ate it she got sick. | Fépp fu ñu demaan mu nelaw fa. Everywhere we went she slept.}

¶ daan, naan

ace (in cards) {C:b || aasu këër: the ace of hearts}

[<Fr as]

first wife {C:b}

<var: aawo>

1. to be bad, to be mean; to be culturally inappropriate (intr.);

2. to be good at what one does (intr.)

verse of the Koran {C:b,j}

[<Ar aayah]

1. to deprive of, to fail to share (something) with (2tr.) {Dafa ma aaye televisyoŋwam. She wouldn't share her TV with me.};

2. to prohibit (someone) from (tr.+MC) {Dafa leen aaye ñu dem. She prohibited them from going.}

aayŋ

to answer (someone, speaking) (tr.)

¶ kàddu

world, life (experiences) {C:b,s || Àddunaam neexoon na. His life was good, He had a good life.}

[<Ar ad-dunya]

<var: àddina>

for life and all eternity (adv.) {Dogoo nañu àdduna ag Àllaaxira. We are separated for life and all eternity.}

to arrive (there) (intr.)

<var: yegg>

to finish (a task, production, or achievement) (tr.) {Àggëlal sa bataaxal! Finish your letter!}

<var: àggali, àggale, eggële, yeggale, yeggële>

Paradise, Heaven {C:j}

[<Ar aj-jinah]

¶ Bakkan bu ko jëkk fóón tàbbi Àjjana, Yàlla na tàbbi Àjjana

1. to pick (something, from a tree), to get (something) down (from above one); (slang) to slap (someone, especially on the face) (tr.);

2. to raise one's hand threateningly (intr.)

Friday {C:j}

[<Ar aj-jum9a]

1. to start a fight with (tr.);

2. dry, flaky skin condition {C:w};

3. to stop (walking) suddenly (intr.)

1. man who has been to Mecca on a Tabaski pilgrimage {C:b};

2. sir (term of address used to an older man, esp. one who has beeen to Mecca on a Tabaski pilgrimage or one named for such a man)

[<Ar al-Hajji]

<var: allaaji>

remote place (where people go when they die, or the end of the earth) {C:b || Los Angeles mungë fee ca Àllaaxira. Los Angeles is somewhere in a remote place, at the end of the earth (someone might say this is Dakar).}

[<Ar al-aakhirah]

<var: Laaxira>

¶ àdduna ag Àllaaxira

Wednesday {C:b}

[<Ar al-9arba9aa']

wooden tablet (used in Koranic school, for example) {C:b}

[<Ar al-luuH]

¶ am àlluwa

1. to go together (pl. subj., intr.);

2. togetherness, friendship {C:b}

to go alone (intr.: poss. obj.) {Ànd na ag boppam. She went alone.}

¶ àndal boppam

to go alone (intr.: poss. obj.) {used only in nonsubj. foc. form || Boppam lë àndal. She went alone.}

¶ ànd ag boppam

1. to be accompanied by (tr.);

2. companion, friend {C:b}

English person; English language {C:b}

[<Fr anglais]

England

[<Fr Angleterre]