Term
|
Definition
| Where does tubular secretion mostly occur in nephron? |
|
|
Term
| waste products like excess salts, drugs, medicine are secreted into DCT from the blood. |
|
Definition
| What happens during tubular secretion? |
|
|
Term
| urea, urobilin, H+, K+, penicillin, marijuana, cocaine |
|
Definition
| Give examples of secreted wastes? |
|
|
Term
| If the blood is acidic, H+ is secreted into the DCT, so it will be excreted from body. |
|
Definition
| How does tubular secretion help maintain blood pH? |
|
|
Term
| 5 or 6, but 4.5-8 is considered normal |
|
Definition
| Urine is normally what pH? |
|
|
Term
| Proximal Convoluted Tubule |
|
Definition
| Where does tubular reabsorption mostly happen? |
|
|
Term
| K+ will be secreted b/c K+ moves in the opposite direction of Na+. So if the blood has too much K+ we can eliminate it in the kidney by reabsorbing Na+. |
|
Definition
| If Na+ is actively reabsorbed back into the blood in the DCT, what will happen to K+ in the DCT? |
|
|
Term
| regulate water amounts in the urine |
|
Definition
| What is the main function of the collecting duct? |
|
|
Term
| antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
|
Definition
| What hormones regulates the permeability of the collecting duct? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In the presence of ADH, the collecting duct is ___________ to water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hypothalamus; it triggers the pituitary to make ADH |
|
Definition
| What organ serves as the neural control of the collecting duct? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What organ triggers the "thirst" sensation? |
|
|
Term
| aldosterone from the adrenal gland |
|
Definition
| What hormone regulates Na+ levels in the blood? |
|
|
Term
| more; so that Na+ will be reabsorbed |
|
Definition
| If blood Na+ levels are low, will a person be making more or less aldosterone? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| If Na+ is reabsorbed, water will be __________ |
|
|
Term
| Renin from the kidney cause the adrenal gland to make aldosterone. |
|
Definition
| What's the connection between renin and aldosterone? |
|
|
Term
| alcohol, caffeine, antihistamines |
|
Definition
| what common substances are diuretics? |
|
|
Term
| They cause you to urinate even when you're dehydrated. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| renin --> _____________ --> aldosterone |
|
|
Term
Both can be used to save water.
Aldosterone can cause the release of ADH |
|
Definition
| What's the relationship between aldosterone and ADH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When blood volume drops, blood pressure _________ |
|
|
Term
| it makes it constrict to reduce GFR (glomerular filtration rate) |
|
Definition
| What does renin do to the afferent arteriole? |
|
|
Term
| An enzyme from the lungs causes the formation of angiotensin II in the blood, which causes the release of aldosterone. Also, exhaled air releases moisture which can affect our urine output. |
|
Definition
| What's a connection between the lungs and the kidney? |
|
|
Term
| It causes reabsorption of Na+, which causes reabsorption of water. 2) it can trigger release of ADH 3) it can trigger thirst |
|
Definition
| What are 3 ways aldosterone can cause water to be retained in the body? |
|
|
Term
| shorter urethra allows easier path for bacteria |
|
Definition
| Why are females more prone to bladder infections than males? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What gland in males can cause urination problems? |
|
|
Term
| stretch receptors in the bladder wall are distended |
|
Definition
| What causes the urge to urinate? |
|
|
Term
| sacral part of spinal cord |
|
Definition
| Where is the micturition reflex located? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is the micturition reflex sympathetic or parasympathetic? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How much urine in bladder causes us to start feeling the "urge" to go? |
|
|
Term
| The external urethral sphincter |
|
Definition
| Which micturition sphincter muscle do you consciously control? |
|
|
