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Definition
| Ends of a long bone that forms a joint with another bone |
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| Tough, vascular covering (like a skin) around the bone. |
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| Part of bone that is continuous with ligaments and tendons |
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| Connect one bone to another bone in a joint. |
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| Type of bone found in the epiphyses |
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| tightly packed bone forming the diaphyses |
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| medullary cavity to hollow out the diaphysis and spongy bone in the epiphyses |
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Definition
| What bone features help to reduce its weight? |
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Definition
| cellular processes that pass nutrients between osteocytes |
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Definition
| blood vessels and nerves travel through these canals |
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Definition
| What gives bone its resiliency and elasticity? |
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| inorganic salts (minerals) like Calcium, Phosphorous and magnesium |
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Definition
| What gives bone its strength and resistance to crushing? |
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| Disease caused by genetic mutation that creates abnormal hemoglobin and oddly shaped RBC's. Cause severe joint pain when blood clogs up joints. |
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Definition
| Osteocytes live in concentric rings called ___________ |
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Term
| intramembranous ossification |
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Definition
| Sheets of connective tissue are replaced by bone during development |
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Definition
| At about what age of the fetus does endochondra bone ossification begin? |
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| At about 5 yrs. it begins and it ends in the late teen years usually. |
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Definition
| When does secondary ossification begin and end? |
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Term
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Definition
| These cells form bony tissue. |
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Term
| endochondral ossification |
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Definition
| bone development that begans as hyaline cartilage models of the bone ossify |
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Term
| primary ossification center in the center of the bone |
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Definition
| Where does ossification begin in most of the bones in the body? |
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Definition
| What cells replace the cartilage and connective tissue with bone tissue as the child develops? |
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Definition
| When the epiphyseal plate disappears, bone ____________ stops. |
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| Where are the secondary ossification centers located? |
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| What cells eat away bone tissue? (bony callus, medullary cavity. . .) |
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Term
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Definition
| Osteoclasts use _____ and ______ to dissolve bone tissue |
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Term
| resorption and deposition |
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Definition
| Homeostasis of bone tissue occurs with the processes of __________ and ____________ |
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Definition
| What vitamins are important for bone development? |
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| A lack of Vit. D during bone development might lead to deformed, bent bones--a condition called __________ |
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| Too little growth hormone from the ___________ gland can lead to dwarfism |
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Definition
| Excess growth hormone in an adult might lead to enlarged head, jaw, hands, feet |
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Term
| calcitonin, pituitary hormone, thyroid hormone, sex hormones |
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Definition
| What hormones promote bone growth? |
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Definition
| What hormone stimulates osteoblasts to deposit Calcium in bone? |
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Definition
| What hormone promotes osteoclasts to dissolve bone minerals? |
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Term
| The physical stress that athletes put on their bones stimulates the bones to thicken. |
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Definition
| Why are the bones of athletes stronger and heavier than those of nonathletes? |
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Term
| sex hormones (testosterone/testes and estrogen/ovaries)promote rapid bone growth at puberty when their production increases |
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Definition
| Why do children grow considerable at puberty? |
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