Term
|
Definition
| a sovereign state consisting of an independent city and its surrounding territory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sparta (oligarchy) and Athens (democracy). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Persia: an empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century B.C. and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century B.C. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ancient Persian religion; animist. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wo wars fought in early 5th century b.c.e. between Persian Empire and Greek city-states; Greek victories allowed Greek civilization to define identity separate from the Asian empire. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Athenian political leader during 5th century b.c.e.; guided development of Athenian Empire; died during early stages of Peloponnesian War. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Culture derived from the Greek civilization that flourished between 800 and 400 B.C.E. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Literally rule of the people; as interpreted in Athens, all decisions emanated from popular assembly without intermediation of elected representatives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Athenian philosopher of later 5th century b.c.e.; tutor of Plato; urged rational reflection of moral decisions; condemned to death for corrupting minds of Athenian young. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Greek philosopher; knowledge based on consideration of ideal forms outside the material world; proposed ideal form of government based on abstract principles in which philosophers ruled. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Greek philosopher; teacher of Alexander the Great; knowledge based on observation of phenomena in material world. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Kingdom located in northern Greece; originally loosely organized under kings, became centralized under Philip II; served as basis for unification of Greece and later Macedonian Empire. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ruled Macedon from 359 to 336 b.c.e.; founder of centralized kingdom; later conquered rest of Greece, which was subjected to Macedonian authority |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Successor of Philip II; successfully conquered Persian Empire prior to his death in 323 b.c.e.; attempted to combine Greek and Persian cultures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hellenistic group of philosophers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The balanced constitution of Rome from c. 510 to 47 b.c.e.; featured an aristocratic Senate, a panel of magistrates, and several popular assemblies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ancient legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman law. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage between 264 and 146 BC. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 247–183 or 182 BC) was a Carthaginian military commander and tactician who is popularly credited as one of the most talented commanders in history. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a Roman military and political leader. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adopted by his great-uncle Julius Caesar in 44 BC, and was thenceforth known as Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus. After his adoption, he became the first emperor of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
