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| means rebirth. A period of time where artists and thinkers attempted to recover and apply ancient learning of standards of Greece and Rome. |
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| historian. wrote The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy. |
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| (means wool-workers) they led a revolt in Florence. |
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| a period in Italy which was guided by a Constitution. |
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| the second period in Italy. During this time a single ruler or a group of individuals ruled. |
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| the leaders of mercenary troops |
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| A rich banking family that took over Florentine republicanism. |
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| was returned from exile and came to power in Florence. |
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| Cosimo's grandson. He set up a government in Florence staffed by his own supporters |
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| A body of rulers in Venice who were elected |
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| Initiated by Cosimo de Medicis, it gave peace amont the five great powers in Italy. |
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| an educational and cultural program based on the study of ancient Greek and Roman literature. Renaissance humanists did not subordinate the classics to the requirements of Christian doctrines. |
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| an early humanist who advanced humanist learning by learning Greek. |
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| an early humanist. He carried the recovery of the classics futhre by making a systematic attemt to discover the classical roots of medieval Italian rhetoric |
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| a professor of rhetoric at Florence |
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| Giovanni Pico della Mirandola |
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| wrote Oration on the Dignity of Man. Pico said man had the freedom to shape his own life. |
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| Robert Boyle and Isaac Newton |
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| He worte the Declamation Concerning the False Decretals of Constantine. He disproved the "Donation of Constantine. The "Donation of Constantine" was were popes derived their authority. Vall proved the document was forgery because some of the language it contained was unknown in Constantine's time |
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| humanism put in the service of republican values |
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| wrote The Book of The Courtier. It promoted the notiong that the ideal ruler should be universally talented and skillful. |
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| an advice book written by Niccolo Machiavelli. He said that the rulers could learn the art of appearance and cover-up |
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| teacher to Leonardo da Vinci |
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| excelled in a number of fields. He had tremendous skill in both science and art. His paintings include The Last Supper, Mona List and St. John the Baptist |
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| the foremost Renasissance mathematician |
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| commander of the papal army |
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| Brethren of the Common Life |
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| a lay movement emphasizing education and practical piety |
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| invented typing using metal. |
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| values new ideas and a variety of opinions, even diferences of opinion |
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| Index of Prohibited Books |
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| books the Catholic church thought should be done away with |
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| wrote Praise of Folly and Colloquies. He was a Christian humanist who used the power of words to attack scholastic theology and clerical abuses and to promote his philosophy of Christ. |
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| advanced a skepticism in which he maintained that one can know little or nothing with certainty. He advocated the acceptance of Christianity on faith. Wrote Essays |
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| He wrote Gargantua and Pantagruel. In this he celebrates earthly life. It's them is "Do What Thou Wilt" |
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| Cardinal Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros |
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| founded the University of Alcala which was for the instruction of the clergy. He sponsered and published the Complutensian Polygot Bible that had Hebrew, Latin, and Grekk texts in parallel columns. He sought to enligth the clergy |
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| Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra |
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| wrote Don Quixote. He satirized the ideals of knighthood and chivalry. Don Quixote roams the countryside looking for romance and an opportunity to prove his knightly worth. His servant is Sancho Panza. Panza points out the flaws of his master. |
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| the most influential humanist of the early English Renaissance. He wrote Utopia. He said that a in a society where everyone is entitled to get as much for themselves as they can, the majority of the wealth is placed in the hands of the small minority |
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| one of the world's greatest playwrights |
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| did Renaissance architecture |
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| scuplted the bronze David |
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| works include Saint Anthony Tempted by the Devil in the Form of a Woman |
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| did a fresco called The Delivery of the Keys |
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| a painter, sculptuer, writer, and architectuer. He pianted the Cration of Adam on the ceiling of the Vatican's Sistine Chapel |
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| alternating areas of light and dark |
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| Pieter Brueghel the Elder |
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| painted the Hunters in the Snow |
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| a painter and architect from Italy |
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