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| Twelfth-Century Awakening |
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| a cultural explosion during the 12th century |
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| medieval philosophy, scholastics tried to show that the teachings of faith, though not derived from reason, were not contrary to reason. The scholastic masters used reason not to challenge but to serve faith |
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| an abbot of the Benedictine monastery of Bec in Normandy. He used rational argument to serve the interests of faith. He developed philosophical proof for the existence of God |
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| a young teacher of theology at the Cathedral School of Notre Dame. He had an affair with Heloise |
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| had an affair with Peter Abelard. Canon Fulbert was her guardian. |
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| a monk who was an opponent of Peter Abelard. He accused Abelard of using the method of dialectical argument to attack faith. |
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| written by Peter Abelard. He took 150 theological issues and, by presenting passages from the Bible and the church fathers showed that there were conflicting opinions |
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| He tried to reconcile Aristotelianism with Christianity |
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| A work by Saint Thomas Aquinas. It is a systematic exposition of Christian thought and the crowning expression of the medieval attempt to intergrate Aristotle with Christianity. |
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| Treatise on the Unity and Trinity of God |
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| because people were forced to deny Aristotle it lead to other discoveries |
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| Dominican Albert the Great (Albertus Magnus) |
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| taught at the University of Paris. Devoted himself to mastering, editiing, and commenting on the vast body of Aristotle's works. |
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| chancellor of Oxford University. He declared that the roundness of the earth could be demonstrated by reason. In addition, he insisted that mathematices was necessary in order to understand the physical world, and he carried out experiments on the refraction of light. |
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| expressed the modern attitude of using science to gain mastery over nature. He did experiments in optics and the observation that ligth travels much faster than sound. |
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| a professor at the University of Paris. He rejected one of Aristotle's theories. |
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| french epic poems of heroic deeds that had first been told orally. The poems dealt with Charlemagne's battles against the muslims. |
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| expressed the feudal ethic of loyalty to one's lord, and devotion to Christianity as being the highest virtues, and that treachery was an impardonable crime |
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| Charlemagne's nephew who was killed in a battle with the Muslims. He was idolized in the Song of Roland |
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| a heroic epic in Germany. Often called "The Illiad of the Germans" |
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| a blending of old legends, chivalric ideals, and Christian concepts. Amon the romans were the tales of King Arthur and his Round Table |
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| poets/singers who glorified women |
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| wrote the Divine Comedy. He apreciated the Roman classics and wrote not just in Latin but also in Italian. |
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| written by Dante. In it he synthesized the various elements of the medieval outlook and summed up , with immense feeling, the medieval understanding of the purpose of life. Describes the poet's journey through hell. |
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| architecture during the medieval times, it imitated Roman architecture |
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| the development of the pointed arch permitted supporsts that lessened the bearing pressure of the roof on the walls. This style allowed buildings to have lofty, vaulted ceilings and huge windows |
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