Term
|
Definition
| system commom to England, north France and Germeny of communal peasent farming under the protection of a land-holding lord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slavery-like system of customs and laws that kept peasents poor and stationary by their manor land |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| professional organizations in commersial towns that regulated the bussinesss conditions and privledges of those practicing the craft |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1095-1099) Forces sent by the Pope to assit the Byzantine Empire in fighting the Turks. Westerners recaptured the holy land. Lead to six more years of war and violence against Jews. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| codes to romantic behavior amoungst men and women in high standing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| System in which lords are owed agricultural and military service by their serfs in turn, they owed allegence to a higher lord or king |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Duke of French Normandy who crossed the English channel ad defeated the English King. Imposed the fudal system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| signed by King John of England, limited the king's fiscal powers, considered a landmark in western political history |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A monastary of reformists who attempted to separate its religious houses and lay people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A dissagreement between the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperer that tested the power of kings over church matters. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A surge of veneration of the Virgin, demonstrated a change in how women were regrarded in religion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Order of Monks who strove to live in the example of Jesus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French theologian and teacher, founder of the idea of Conceptualism that says that universals exist only within the mind and have no external or substantial reality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Saw and encouraged the study of classical philosophers as pertinant to science and Philosophy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Saw and encouraged the study of classical philosophers as pertinant to science and Philosophy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Italian verse by Dante, exemplifies the corncerns of Midevil Society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| graceful arcitecture style and involved painted arches, decorations and large windows |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A popular revolt in late medieval Europe that took place in northern France in 1358, during the Hundred Years' War. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| King of England during the peasent revolts, had conflicts with Parlement with this body able to assert control over him |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Area in southern France that set up a independent commune and was at one point hte seat of the pope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Monk who preached a introspectic and charismatic version of Christian piety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a conflict between England and France, lasting 116 years from 1337 to 1453. It was fought primarily over claims by the English kings to the French throne and was punctuated by several brief and two lengthy periods of peace before it finally ended in the expulsion of the English from France |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a series of civil wars fought over the throne of England, ended with the rise of the Lancaster family to the English throne |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Emperor of Russian who annexed territories and first established Russia as a european power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Itailian writer who wrote hundreds of short stories about the human condition from a cynical and humerous point of view |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Middle English verse stories by Chaucer that reflect different classes and experiences in late medieval England |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an English Franciscan friar and scholastic philosopher, advocated a reform both in method and in content, the aim of which was simplification. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Venetian merchant who traveled in Asia for 20 years, the memoir of his travels was widely read in Europe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Began dynasty by conquering much of southern Asia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mongol ruler who was the last of the Khan dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Corps of enslaved soldeirs recuited as children from christian provinces of the Ottoman Empire. Used by the sultan to curb local autonomy adn to serve as his personal body guards |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Islands off the western coast of Africa conquered by Portugal and Spain, used to supply expeditions around the African coast and across the Altantic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sailing vessels suited for moving in and out of estuaries and navigating in unperdictable waters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument used to find latitiude at sea |
|
|
Term
| Prince Henry the Navagator |
|
Definition
| Pertuguese noble who encouraged the conquest of western Africa and trade in gold and slaves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| European leaders of campaigns against the native people of the Americas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medieval program of study that empasised the seven liberal arts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dynasty of Florentine bankers and politicians, known for their patronage of the arts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Italian scholar, poet, and early humanist. Petrarch is often popularly called the "father of humanism" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Influencial treaties by Machiavelli that attempts to lay out step and methods to gain and maintain political power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Author of The Book of the Courtier, an influencial treatise on upper-class social graces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Italian painter, architect, musician and inventor the typified the ideals of teh Renaissance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Itailin painter noted for his warm treatment of religous subjects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dutch born scholar and social commentator who proclaimed his humanist view in lively treatises |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| humanist social crituque by Thomas More |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French humanist who spent time in different orders of monks, later wrote books in which he espouses the 'eat, drink and be merry' lifestyle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Branch of Protestantism the rejected Catholism's 'doctrine of works' |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Examination of Martin Luther by a church council, condemmed him but he was later rescued by Frederick of Saxony |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the leader of the Protestant Reformation in Switzerland, Independent from Luther, wingli arrived at similar conclusions, by studying the Scriptures from the point of view of a humanist scholar. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Swiss Protestant movement that began in 1521 and insisted that only adults could be baptiszed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French Protestant and theologian who stressed the predestination of all human beings according to God's will |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oft-married English king who broke with tha Roman Catholic church when the pope refused to grant him an annulment, created the church of England |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| catholic daughter of Henry VIII, reinstituted Catholisism in England when she accened to the throne. She was called 'Bloody Mary' for her violent suppression of Protestantism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protestant daughter of Henry VIII and later Queen on England, During her long reign, the Church of England was reinstated and the English defeated the Spanish Armada |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Meeting the reaffirmed Catholic doctrine aganist Protestantism, while also reforming the church |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called the Jesuit order, a group of priest influenced by military dicipline, still very active in the field of education |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| peace agreement between the leaders of the Holy Roman Empire that stated all territories would follow a religion based on the area's leader |
|
|
Term
| Henry Navarre (Henry IV of France) |
|
Definition
| leader of the Protestants during the French Wars of Religion, compromise included him getting married to a Catholic daughter of the past king. Eventual took the throne, publically converted and introduced the Edict of Nantes |
|
|
Term
| Henry Navarre (Henry IV of France) |
|
Definition
| leader of the Protestants during the French Wars of Religion, compromise included him getting married to a Catholic daughter of the past king. Eventual took the throne, publically converted and introduced the Edict of Nantes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| considered the strongest fleet in the world, whose defeat at the hands of the British signified Spain's downfall in power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Begining as a conflict amounst Protestants and Catholics in Germany, it ended as a world-wide conflict fought by Sweden, France and The Holy Roman Empire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Advisor to the French king ho was able to centralize political power and deprived Huguenots of many rights |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A book by Thomas Hobbes that encouraged unrestricted power for rulers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An ornate sytle of art and music associated with the counter-Reformation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Baroque painter who demonstrated the ability of man to master his exisitance with courageous awareness of one's own human shortcomings |
|
|
