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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy (ethics), and history |
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| Civic humanism is by who? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the goals of the humanists? |
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Definition
1. Resurrect ideas and virtues of classical era
2. Apply ideas to own time
3. Proper education is the key
4. Meant idea of contemplative life shift to ideal life of active life |
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| The two achievements of Humanists were... |
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Definition
1. Classical scholarship
2. Original Literary Works |
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Term
| Johann Gutenberg translated what? |
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Definition
| Greek literature into Latin |
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Term
| Who were the four leading humanists? |
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Definition
1. Petrarch
2. Boccaccio
3. Lorenzo Valla
4. Marsilio Ficino |
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Term
| Italian Renaissance ideals are transmitted by: |
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Definition
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| Northern (Christian) Humanism is similar with Italian Humanism by: |
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Definition
1. emphasized ethics
2. essentially lay movements
3. focused on study of the classics |
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Term
| Northern (Christian) Humanism is different from Italian Humanism by: |
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Definition
1. Italians kept humanism ad religion Separate (northerners unite these two)
2. meant northerner humanists study Greek and Hebrew to read Bible
3. Italian= NO Hebrew or Bible
4. program of social and religious reform |
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| Who were the five leading humanists? |
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Definition
1. Germany- Johann Reuchlin (1455-1522)
2. France- Jacques Lefevre DEtaples (1455-1536)
3. England- John Colet (1467-1519)
4. England- Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)
5. Erasmus (1466-1536) |
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Term
| Reasons for Protestant Reformation? |
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Definition
1. decline of papacy/ church
2. northern humanists prepared way/ scholarships gave scholars
3. printing press quick inexpensive way to communicate
4. Germany: weakness of holy Roman Emperor |
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Term
| What two things happened to Martin Luther in the Tower Experience in 1516? |
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Definition
1. Penance vs. Repentence
2. Tower means: on the toilet thinking |
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Term
| What was going on in the Castle Church in Wittenburg? |
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Definition
| Pope Leo X sold indulgences in order to build St. Peter’s Basilica |
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Term
| What did Martin Luther write because of these indulgences? |
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Definition
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Term
| In 1555, what did the Peace of Augsburg do? |
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Definition
| The religion of Prince is the religion of the people. |
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Term
| In 1555, what did the Peace of Augsburg do? |
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Definition
| The religion of Prince is the religion of the people. |
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Term
| What were the five aspects of absolutism? |
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Definition
1. Divine right
2. Supreme lawgiver
3. Head of the church
4. Mercantilism
5. Patron of arts |
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Term
| The political theory was written by who? |
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Definition
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| Louis XIII came to power at what age? |
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Definition
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| Who helped make decisions for Louis XIII? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were Cardinal Richelieu's goals? |
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Definition
1. Make crown the king the greatest power in France
2. Make France the greatest power in Europe |
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Term
| The Thirty Years War was fought between who? |
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Definition
| Protestants and Catholics |
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Term
| Did France join the Protestant or Catholic side? |
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Definition
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| Why did France join the Protestant side? |
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Definition
| To defeat Spain because they were on the Catholic side. |
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Term
| Who is Louis XIV chief's minister? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Personal control of the state (uprising of nobels)
2. Wars against Netherlands, England, and Austria (William and Mary come to power from Netherlands) |
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Term
| What did the Sun King/ Grand Monarch do? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many lived in Versailles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the purpose of Versailles? |
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Definition
| Home fit for the Sun King |
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Term
| What were the different Baroque styles of architect? |
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Definition
1. Richness of decoration
2. Grandness of scale
3. Optical illusion
4. Sweeping vistas |
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Term
| What was Rene Descartes dualism? |
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Definition
1. mind (faith)
2. matter (reason and science) |
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Term
| What was John Locke's empiricism? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two religions came during the Enlightenment? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the intellectuals of France key ideas? |
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Definition
1. skepticism
2. natural laws
3. reason
4. progress |
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Term
| Who was the first to study the manuscripts? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Decameron was during the Black death and was writeen in tuscan and written by who? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote the "Donation of Constantine"? |
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Definition
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| Who helped in the Plantonic Academy? |
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Definition
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| Who painted the Rucellai Madonna in gold? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who painted Ognissanti Madonna, Arena Chapel, and Bardi Chapel (Death of St. Francis)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were two painters during the Quattrocento in the 1400s? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who painted Tribute Money and the expulsion of Adam and Eve? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who painted Birth of Venus, Primavera, and Lamentation over the Dead Christ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the sculpters during the Quattrocento during the 1400s? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who sculpted the North Doors, Story of Joseph, and Creation of Adam and Eve? |
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Definition
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| Who sculpted David and Habbakkuk? |
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Definition
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| Who were the architects of the Quattrocentos during the 1400s? |
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Definition
| Brunelleschi, Leonardo de Vinci, Raphael Santi, Michaelangelo |
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Term
| Who was the architect of the Cathedral? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the architect of the Self portrait, Mona Lisa, Last Supper, Madonna of the Rocks? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the architect of Madonna of the Goldfinch (bird), Marriage of the virgin, School of Athens |
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Definition
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Term
Who was the architect of Pieta,
David, Tomb of Julius II, Sistine Chapel Ceiling, Last Judgment,
and Creation of Adam? |
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Definition
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Term
| Johann Reuchlin thought what about the Jews? |
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Definition
| that their Jewish books should be burned |
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Term
| Who translated the NT to french? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the dean of St. Paul's? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the Prince of Christian Humanists? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the monk that took on the church? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wanted people to buy indulgences? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happened in the Leipzig debate in 1519? |
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Definition
| Luther stated the church had erred to condemn Wycliffe and Hus. |
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Term
| Who takes Martin Luther during the Diet of Worms in 1521? |
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Definition
| Frederick Elector of Saxony |
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Term
| Martin Luther becomes who? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the architects of Versailles? |
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Definition
| Leroy, LeVau, and Mansart |
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Term
| In 1687 was the publication of what? |
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Definition
| Newton's Principa Mathmatica |
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Term
| What period was during 1687 to 1789? |
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Definition
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Term
| When did the French Revoluton begin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the Spiritual Crisis? |
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Definition
| Reconcile new science and old faith |
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Term
| Who began the belief of quakers? |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Who were the three main philosophers during the Enlightenment? |
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Definition
| Voltaire, Denis Diderot, and Marquis de Cordorcet |
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| Who wrote Candid and codemned Christianity and was champion of deism? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the greatest intellectual during the Enlightenment and the lead editor of the 28 volume encyclopedia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who studided the progress of the human mind? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the three physocrats during the Enlightenment? |
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Definition
| Adam Smith, Jacquez Turgot, and Francois Queshay |
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Term
| Who championed laissez- faire instead of mercantilism? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote Wealth of Nations? |
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Definition
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Definition
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| How was England the greatest liberty and best government? |
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Definition
1. Seperation of power
2. Checks and balances |
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| Who wrote the Spirit of Laws? |
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Definition
| Baron Charles-Louis de montesquiea |
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Term
| What were the two phases of the French Revolution? |
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Definition
| Moderate phase and radical phase |
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Term
| The moderate phase put a limited monarach and gave who rules with a constitution? |
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Definition
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| During the French Revolution the French government becomes what? |
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Definition
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