Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are oral health indices? |
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Definition
| graduated, numeric scales |
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Term
| What do score in OHI's stand for? |
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Definition
| correspond to a specific criteria |
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Term
| Generally, if the score is higher than what? What must the indices be? |
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Definition
-higher the score, the more severe
-must be reliable |
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Term
| What does reliability mean in terms of OHI's? |
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Definition
| the ability of two different examiners to independently obtain the same score for the same person being examined |
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Term
| What does validity mean in terms of OHI's? |
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Definition
| the prevalence of and severity of disease(like gingivitis) rather than the prevalence and severity of some other condition |
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Term
| What are the 7 different types of indices? |
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Definition
1.Dental caries experience
2.dental fluorosis index
3.bleeding indices
4.gingivitis indices
5.Periodontal indices
6.Plaque indices
7.calculus index |
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Term
| What are the dental caries experience indices? (3) |
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Definition
1.Decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT)
2.Decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS)
3.root caries index(RCI) |
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Term
| What are the dental fluorosis index indices? (2) |
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Definition
1.Dean's fluorosis index
2.Tooth surface index of fluorosis(TSIF) |
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Term
| What are the different bleeding indices? (3) |
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Definition
1.Eastman interdental bleeding index (EIBI)
2.Gingival bleeding index of Carter and Barnes (GBI)
3.Sulcus bleeding index(SBI) |
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Term
| What are the different gingivitis indices? (2) |
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Definition
1.Gingival index of low and sillness(GI)
2.Modified gingival index(MGI) |
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Term
| What are the different periodontal indices? (2) |
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Definition
1.Community periodontal index(CPI)
2.Periodontal screening and record(PSR) |
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Term
| What are the different plaque indices? (5) |
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Definition
1.Oral hygiene index(Greene and Vermilion 1960)
2.Simplified oral hygiene index(OHI-S), Greene and Vermilion 1964)
3.Silness-Loe Index 1964
4.Quigley Hein index, modified Turesky, 1970
5.Plaque control record-O'leary, Drake, naylor, 1972 |
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Term
| What is the calculus index? |
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Definition
| Calculus surface index(CSI) |
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Term
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Definition
-decayed, missing and filled teeth
-a whole number ranging from 0-28
-3rd molars excluded |
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Term
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Definition
-decayed, missing and filled surfaces
-number ranging from 1-128
-5 posterior surfaces,4 anterior surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
-root caries index
-number of exposed root surfaces used as demoniator |
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Term
| What is deans index criteria? |
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Definition
-two most effective teeth measured, least severe one recorded
-scale of 0(best)-5(worst) |
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Term
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Definition
-tooth surface index of fluorosis
-more comprehensive than deans, measures each tooth surface |
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Term
| When were gingivial bleeding indices introduced? What are they used in epidemiologic studies to determine? |
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Definition
1974
-periodontal disease prevalence, estimated needs of population |
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Term
| What are bleeding indices used in clinical studies to measure? What do they more in clinical practice? |
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Definition
-effectiveness of antiplaque, antigingivitis agents
-used clinically to see effectiveness of therapy, find disease, motivate oral hygiene |
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Term
| Why do we use bleeding indices? |
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Definition
-more objective measure than assessment of gingival form, texture, and color
-research suggest that bleeding of periodontum may occur before any of these other symptoms so you can detect problems early |
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Term
| What are some instruments used to elicit bleeding? |
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Definition
-periodontal probes(impacted by: probe type, angulation, depth and force of probing)
-interdental cleaners(EDBI)
-floss(GBI) |
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Term
| What do gingivitis indices measure one or more of? (5) |
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Definition
1.Gingival color
2.Gingival contour
3.Gingival bleeding
4.Extent of gingival involvement
5.Gingival crevicular fluid flow |
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Term
| What is GI? What is its purpose? |
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Definition
-gingival index
-method for assessing the severity and quantity if gingival inflammation |
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Term
| What is the technique for GI? What is the score range? |
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Definition
-gingival tissues on the mesial, distal, lingual, facial are assessed for inflammation and assigned a score
-ranges from 0(normal)-3(severe inflammation) |
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Term
| When was the periodontal index invented and by who? |
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Definition
-Russel, 1956
-was the first index to measure for perio disease |
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Term
| What is the downside to PI? |
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Definition
| quick and easy but underestimates prevalence of disease |
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Term
| What is CPITN? How is it used in epidemiologic studies? |
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Definition
-Community periodontal index of treatment needs
-assess prevalence of periodontal disease and tax needs |
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Term
| What is CPITN used for in clinic? |
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Definition
| PSR used to screen patients for periodontal disease and provide a preliminary assessment of needs |
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Term
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Definition
-periodontal screening and record
-based on similar screening system used internationally and recognized by WHO |
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Term
| Who's endorsement of PSR does not establish a standard of care? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of PSR? |
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Definition
| screening system for monitoring and documenting perio health, does not replace full perio exam |
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Term
| So PSR score correlate to a specific periodontal disease or treatment? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we use for the PSR? |
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Definition
| periodontal probe with 0.5 mm diameter ball tip an color coated band extending 3.5-5.5 mm from tip |
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Term
| How many total scores are recorded for PSR? Do you have to probe the whole mouth? |
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Definition
-only 6 scores total(one for each sextant)
-yes, MUST probe each tooth in 6 areas |
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Term
| What do the score in PSR range from? What is the score we have to get for it to indicated perio disease? When we get this score what do we do? |
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Definition
-0-4
-3 indicated perio disease(3.5mm or more)
-we have to go back and probe and record the 6 numbers for each tooth |
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Term
| Where are the 6 places we probe at for each tooth? |
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Definition
1.distofacial line angle-midline distal
2.facial
3.mesiofacial to midline of mesial
4.mesiolingual to midline mesial
5.lingual
6.distolingual line angle to midline of distal surface |
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Term
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Definition
Code 0-color coded reference mark visible in deepest pocket in sextant, no calculus, no bleeding
Code 1-color coded mark is completely visible in deepest pocket, no calculus, bleeding is present in probing
Code 2-color coded reference mark is completely visible in deepest pocket, supraging or sub calculus detected
Code 3-color coded reference mark is partially visible in deepest pocket, probing depth between 3.5-5.5 mm
Code 4-color coded reference mark not visible, probing depth greater than 5.5 |
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Term
| What does a code * indicate? |
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Definition
| this symbol is added to the code of a sextant with any of the following abnormalities: furcation involvement, mobility, mucogingival problems, or recession extending into the colored area of the probe |
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Term
| What do we find is the most motivating tool for patients? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why were plaque indices developed? |
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Definition
| for assessing individual levels of plaque control, patient education tool |
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Term
| Does the quantity of plaque equate with disease severity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the modified quigley and hine plaque index usually used? Where does it measure plaque? |
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Definition
-in research
-measures plaque on buccal and lingual surfaces |
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Term
| For the simplidied oral hygiene index how many surfaces are examined and what is the score range? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which plaque index do we use? Which surfaces do we record? |
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Definition
The plaque control record (O'Leary)
-four surfaces for each tooth
-buccal, mesial, lingual, distal |
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Term
| Plaque Control Record technique |
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Definition
-use disclosing solution and have patient rinse
-we use explorer or tip of a probe to examine stained surfaces for soft accumulations
-calculated by dividing the number of plaque containing surfaces by total number of available surfaces |
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Term
| What is the purpose of calculus screening indices(CSI's)? |
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Definition
| used to objectively measure accumulations of calculus in short term testing programs to evaluate effectiveness of preventative care |
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Term
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Definition
| each of 4 mand incisors assessed on 4 surfaces, each surface with calculus is 1 point |
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Term
| Does any one OHI provide comprehensive information about a patients oral health? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are indices primarily used for? |
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Definition
| assess prevalence and extent of disease in population and for clinical studies |
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Term
| What are the three indices we use? |
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Definition
-Plaque Control record(O'Leary)
-Bleeding indices
-Periodontal screening and record(PSR):we do this at screening appointments |
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