Term
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Definition
| Refers to the inhibiting effect that punishment has on potential offenders in the public. |
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Term
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Definition
| Seeks to prevent future criminal acts only by the individual punished. |
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Term
| Direct Deterrence (Personal) |
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Definition
| Individual is deterred or not based on personal experience with punishment or punishment avoidance. |
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Term
| Indirect Deterrence (Vicarious) |
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Definition
| Individual is deterred or not based on vicarious (witnessing others) experience with punishment or punishment avoidance |
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Term
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Definition
| An offender is restrained from committing any further crimes against the public, at least during the period he/she is confined. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attempts to incapacitate worst offenders. (eg. career criminals) |
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Term
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Definition
| Attempts to reduce crime by locking up offenders for as long as possible. |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to any postconviction treatment aimed at reducing an offender's future likelihood of committing crimes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Characteristics that increases the likelihood of a person becoming a victim or perpetrator of violence. |
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Term
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Definition
| Characteristics that decreases the likelihood of a person becoming a victim or a perpetrator of violence because it provides a buffer against risk. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1) Define the Problem 2) Identify the risk and protective factors 2) Develop and Test Prevention/ Intervention Strategies 4) Assure Widespread Adoption |
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Term
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Definition
1) Define the Problem
2) Identify the risk and protective factors
3) Develop and Test Prevention/ Intervention Strategies
4) Assure Widespread Adoption |
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Term
| Public Health's Social-Ecological Model Individual |
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Definition
| Identifies biological and personal history factors that increase the likelihood of becoming a victim or perpetrator of violence. |
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Term
| Public Health's Social-Ecological Model Relationship |
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Definition
| Includes Factors that increase risk because of relationships with peers, intimate partners, and family members. |
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Term
| Public Health's Social-Ecological Model Community |
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Definition
| Explores settings (schools, workplaces, and neighborhoods,) in which social relationships occur to identify the characteristics of these setting that are associated with becoming victims or perpetrators of violence. |
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Term
| Public Health's Social-Ecological Model Societal |
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Definition
| Looks at the broad social factors that help create a climate in which violence is encouraged or inhibited. (social and cultural norms) |
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Term
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Definition
| The way people view reality. Groups construct a framework around a concept, defining various aspects of their lives through the meaning they attribute to the construct. |
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Term
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Definition
| A term that is loaded with negative and derogatory meanings. |
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Term
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Definition
| The historical, political, and criminological circumstances at a given point in time. The social context affects the way terrorism is defined. |
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Term
| Extra-juridical Representation |
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Definition
| Refers to a government using any illegal form of state power, including military or law enforcement repression, to alter the behavior of its citizens. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a group believes it must wage war to purify the Earth before the return of a deity. |
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Term
Simple Definition
Of Terrorism |
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Definition
A definition of terrorism that involves three parts:
1) Use of force,
2) against innocent people,
3) for political purposes. |
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Term
Academic Consensus Definition
of Terrorism |
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Definition
| A complex definition based on the work of Alex Schmid. It combines common elements of the definitions used by the leading scholars in the field of terrorism. |
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Term
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Definition
| Wars fought between sides that are grossly unequal. The less powerful side does not fight the more powerful side under the conventional rules of war because it cannot win by using these tactics. The weaker side uses unconventional methods of fighting. |
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Term
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Definition
| Assumes human beings take action based on the subjective meanings they attribute to social settings. |
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