Term
| Which muscle type is excitable? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the types of muscle? |
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Definition
| skeletal, smooth, and cardiac |
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Term
| What are characteristics of skeletal muscle? |
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Definition
-muscles that are attached to the skeleton
-longest cell type
-voluntary
-striated |
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Term
| What are characteristics of smooth muscle? |
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Definition
-typically not attached to skeleton
-not striated
-found in digestive tract, blood vessels, reproductive, and respiratory systems
-small cells that are spindle shaped |
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Term
| What are characteristics of cardiac muscle? |
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Definition
-found only in heart
-fibers are striated and branching
-intercalated discs appear between fibers (actually gap junctions) |
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Term
| What are characteristics of muscle? |
|
Definition
-excitability
-contractibility
-extensibility
-elasticity |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of a muscle to conduct an action potential in response to a stimulus |
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Term
| What is a contractibility? |
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Definition
| the ability of a muscle to shorten and lengthen in order to generate a force though what they are pushing/pulling varies based on location |
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Term
|
Definition
| the ability of a muscle to be stretched beyond resting length when it is relaxed |
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Term
|
Definition
| the ability of a muscle to resume its original length, it doesn't stay stretched out |
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Term
| What are the functions of muscle? |
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Definition
-produce movement
-maintain posture
-stabilize joints
-produce heat |
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Term
| How does producing movement contribute to the overall function of a muscle? |
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Definition
| there is movement of a skeletal structure, some kind of fluid or gas, or substance encircled by an organ |
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Term
| How does maintaining posture contribute to the overall function of a muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does stabilizing joints contribute to the overall function of a muscle? |
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Definition
| muscles help keep knees locked, hips in appropriate extension, back straight, etc. |
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Term
| How does producing heat contribute to the overall function of a muscle? |
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Definition
| not all the potential energy that is released from ATP is converted to kinetic energy for work, therefore the rest is released as heat |
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Term
| What is a brief description of the organization of the gross anatomy of a muscle? |
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Definition
| epimyseum surrounding the bunches of fascicles, perimyseum surrounding the individual fascicles, within the fascicles are multiple muscle fibers individually surrounded by the endomyseum |
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Term
| What are characteristics of the microscopic anatomy of muscle? |
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Definition
-multiple nuclei
-many mitochondira throughout
-myoglobin
-glycosomes
-sarcoplasmic reticulum
-myofibrils |
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Term
|
Definition
| protein that stores oxygen |
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Term
|
Definition
| natural storage granules which store additional glycogen |
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Term
| What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum? |
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Definition
| a modified endoplasmic reticulum surrounding the myofibrils |
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Term
|
Definition
| specialized contractile organelle that is rod-like and runs parallel down the length of the cell |
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Term
| What are thick filaments made of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are thin filaments made of? |
|
Definition
| actin, tropomyosin, and troponin |
|
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Term
| What causes the banding pattern we see in skeletal muscle? |
|
Definition
| the overlap of thick and thin filaments in a myofibril |
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Term
|
Definition
| length of thick filament that overlaps the thin filament too; dark band you see under microscope |
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Term
|
Definition
| area of thin filament where there is no thick filament overlap; light band you see under microscope |
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Term
|
Definition
| area where there is no thin filaments within the A-band |
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Term
|
Definition
| bisects the H-zone and is the area where we have end to end attachment of the thick filaments |
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Term
|
Definition
| bisects the I band where we have end to end attachment of thin filaments |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the area between the two Z-discs |
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|
Term
Identify the A-band.
[image] |
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Definition
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|
Term
Identify the I-band.
[image] |
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Definition
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|
Term
Identify the H-zone.
[image] |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Identify the M-line.
[image] |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Identify the Z-discs.
[image] |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is significant about elastic filaments? |
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Definition
| they do not participate in contraction, but rather are supportive and structural proteins that help provide integrity to the sarcomere |
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Term
| What are the types of elastic filaments found in the sarcomere? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is titin and what does it do? |
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Definition
| elastic filament running between the z-line and thick filament and it helps to provide recoil ability |
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Term
| What is nebulin and what does it do? |
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Definition
| runs along the thin filament, forming the core to provide integrity to it |
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Term
| What are terminal cisternae? |
|
Definition
| the two expanded regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum on either side of the T-tubules |
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Term
|
Definition
| extend from the plasma membrane and wrap around each myofibril |
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Term
|
Definition
| a term that refers to the two terminal cisternae and the T-tubule |
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