Term
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Definition
| Chemical substances that have the capability to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Capacity to kill miororganisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibit the growth of microorganisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Antimicrobials for bacteria are called? |
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Term
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Definition
| Antibiotics are described by their? |
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Term
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Definition
| Resists decolorization by Grm stain process. Stain purple. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decolorized by the Gram stain process and stai pink-red. |
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Term
| Narrow Spectrum antibiotics. |
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Definition
| Drugs specified for either Gram (+) or Gram (-) bacteria are considered? |
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Term
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics.
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Definition
| Drugs used for both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria are considered? |
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Term
| Render the bacteria helpless without causing harm to the patient. |
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Definition
| Goal of antibiotic therapy: |
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Term
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Definition
| Test used to measure a bacteria's sensitivity to an antibiotic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kirby Bauer sensitivuty test outcome where the antibiotic doe not work against these bacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kirby Bauer Sensitivity test outcome where the antibiotic may work against these bacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kirby Bauer Sensitivity test outcome where antibitoics do work against these bacteria. |
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Term
| Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) |
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Definition
| The lowest concentration of an antibiotic that will at least inhibit the growth of bacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
This activity or type of antibiotic will inhibit cell wall synthesis.
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Term
| Bactericidal or bacteriostatic |
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Definition
| The activity or type of this antibiotic damage cell membrane. |
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Term
| Bactericidal or bacteriostatic |
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Definition
| The activity or type of this antibiotic inhibit protein sythesis of bacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
| This activity or type of antibiotic interfere with metabolism of bacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
| The activity or type of this antibiotic cause impairment of nucelic acids. |
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Term
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Definition
| This occurs when bacteria change in some way that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of the medication. |
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Term
The medication is not used properly
When used with a viral infection..
Not administered at a proper dose.
Not administered for the proper length of tme. |
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Definition
| Antibiotic resistance can occur if: |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of a chemical or its metabolites in animal tissue or food products. |
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Term
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Definition
| This type of antibiotic affect the cell walls of bacteria & do not attack the host since animal cells do not have cell walls. |
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Term
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Definition
Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Bacitracin and Vancomycin are what class of antibiotics?
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Term
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Definition
| This type of antibiotic is derived from natural and sythetic derivations of molds. It is active against Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria. Can only be given parenterally. Narrow spectrum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most common type of penicillian antibiotic administered. |
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Term
| Broad Spectrum Penicillians. |
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Definition
| Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, & Methicillin are categorized as this type of penicillians. |
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Term
| Beta-lactamase resistant penicillians. |
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Definition
| Oxacillin & Floxacillin are narrow spectrum antibiotic categorized as these penicillians. |
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Term
| Potientiated Penicillians |
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Definition
| This category of penicillians are combined with another drug to enhance the effect of both. |
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Term
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Definition
| Clavamox and Augmentin are examples of this category of penicillian antibiotics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Semi-synthetic broad spectrum antibiotics that interfere with cell wall sythesis. Classified in 1st-4th generations. Animals allergic to penicillians will likely be allergic to these. |
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Term
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Definition
Cefe-drops, Kerflex, & Cefazolin are examples of this category of antibiotics in the cell wall agents class.
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Term
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Definition
| This category of antibiotics in the cell wall agents class work against Gram (+) bacteria, are toxic to kidneys, used as a topical for skin, mucus membraes and eyes. Also used as a food additive. |
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Term
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Definition
This is used against many Gram (+) bacteria on infections that are resistant to toxic antibiotics such as penicillians and cephalosporins.
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Term
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Definition
| This class of antibiotics attack the cell membrane of bacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
| This example of a cell membrane agent antibiotic is effective against Gram (-) bacteria only and is usualy combined with neomycin & bacitracin to create a wide spectrum topical medication. |
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Term
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Definition
Agents that interfere with the protein synthesis in the bacterial cell are in this class of antibiotics.
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Term
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Definition
| Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, Florfenicol, Macrolides, & Lincosamides are examples of this class of antibiotics. |
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Term
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Definition
| This category of Protein Sythesis agent antibiotics are derived from species of streptomyces microbes. Used extensivel to treat Gram (-) bacterial infections. Highly toxic to kidneys, Examples include: Gentamicin, Neomycin, & Amikacin. |
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Term
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Definition
| This category of Protein Sythesis agent antibiotics should not be given to cats who are prone to renal failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| This category of Protein-Synthesis Agent antibiotics are broad spectrum and have anti-rickettsial properties. Theya re bacteriostatic, slow bone development and cause discoloration of teeth. Example: Doxycycline used for kenne cough, tick fever, & lyme Dz. |
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Term
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Definition
| This category of Proten Sythesis Agent antibiotics is broad spectrm. suppresses blood cell formation in bone marrow and can cause aplastic anemia in humans. Banned from use in food-producing animals. Must wear gloves when handling. |
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Term
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Definition
| This category of Protein-Synthesis agents is synthetic, broad spectrum, and used to treat bovine respiratory disease. |
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Term
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Definition
This category of Protein Sythesis agent antibiotics can cause stomah upset. Examples include: Erythromycin, Tylosin, & Tilmicosin.
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Term
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Definition
| This category of Protein Synthesis agent antibiotics are produced from a different strain of streptomyces than macrolides or aminoglycosides. they work against Gram (+) bacteria. Examples include: Lincomycin, & Clindamycin, |
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Term
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Definition
| This class of antibiotics interfere with bacterial nucleic acid. This includes Quinolones, & Fluoroquinolones. |
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Term
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Definition
Erofloxacin (Baytrl), Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), Orbifloxacin (Orbax), & Marbofloxacin( Zeniquin) are examples of what class of antibiotics?
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Term
| Miscellaneous Antibiotics |
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Definition
| This class of antibiotivs include Nitofurans, are broad spectrum, less potent than other antibiotivs, & are prohibited from use in food animals because they may induce carciogenic residues in animal tissue. |
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Term
| Miscellaneous Antibiotics |
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Definition
| Nitofurzone, Nitrofurantoin, Nitrpimidazols, and Rifampin are exampes of which class of antibiotics? |
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Term
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Definition
| Metronidazole is in this category of Miscellaneous antibiotics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of medicine used to fight against fungus. |
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Term
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Definition
| This type of fungal infection is diagnosed through test edia or microscopic identification. |
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Term
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Definition
This type of fungal infection is identified through serology.
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Term
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Definition
| This category of antifungals bind to fungal cell membrane. Examples include: Nystatin & Amphotericin B |
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Term
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Definition
| This category of antifungals cause leakage of fungal cell membrane. Identifided by "-azole" in generic name. Examples include: Ketoconazole, Miconazole, Itraconazole, & Fluconazole. |
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Term
| Antimetabolic Antifungals |
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Definition
| This category of antifungals is given orally & topically in combination with other antifungals to treat Cryptococcus infections. Example: Flucytosine. |
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Term
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Definition
| This category of antifungals include Griseofulvin which teats dermatophyte infections (ringworm). |
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Term
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Definition
| These are limited to use in vet med and work by prventing viral penetration of the host cell. Inhibits virus production of RN or DNA. Examples include: Acylovir, Tamiflu, & Interferon. |
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Term
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Definition
| This kills or inhibits growth of microorganisms on inanimate objects. |
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Term
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Definition
| This kills or inhibits growth of microorganims on livng tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
This is a chemical that kills microorganims.
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Term
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Definition
| A chemical that kills viruses. |
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Term
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Definition
| A chemical that kills fungi. |
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Term
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Definition
| A chemical that kills spores which are especially resistant to chemicals. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is the first antiseptic that is effective against Gam (+) bacteria, some Gram (-) bacteria, fungi, & some enveloped viruses. Not effectie against parvo. Example: Lysol. |
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Term
| Quaternary Ammonium Compounds |
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Definition
This type of disinfectant is effective against Gram (+) & Gram (-) bacteria. Not effective on spores, fungi, and non-enveloped viruses. Not usually irritating to skin. Example: Roccal-D
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Term
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Definition
| Gluteraldehydes used to disinfect instruments in cold steriization and on fiberoptics. Sporicidal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to disinfect instruments in gas or solution. Can also be used as tissue floatation agent. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is a gas used for chemical sterilization. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used on Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria. Used on enveloped viruses, not for antiseptic purposes, and can cause pain and has denaturing effect on proteins. Usally 70% solution used. |
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Term
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Definition
| This disinfectant kills bacteria, fungi, viruses, & spores. Found in bleach & usually used in 1:10 dilution. Example: Chlorine (Chlorox) |
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Term
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Definition
| This halogen disinfectant is usually mixed with water or alcohol to form brown solution. Commonly used as a topical antiseptic. Example: Betadine, Povidine. |
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Term
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Definition
| This type of disinfectant is effective vs. bacteria, some fungi, & enveloped viruses. Commonly used in surgical scrub. xample: Chlorhexidine (Nolvasan). |
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Term
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Definition
| This disinfectant kills anaerobic bacteria in deep wounds, but should limit use because it can damage animal tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| These disinfectants have limited bactericidal activity and their main function is to mechanicaly remove microbes. |
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Term
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Definition
| This macrolid can be used off label in dogs and cats to stop diarrhea. |
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Term
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Definition
| This antimetabolite drug is the most common drug used against coccidia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most popular superficial antifungal. |
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