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Definition
| clinically severe overweight, presenting very high risks to health; the condition of having a BMI of 40 or above; also called morbid obesity |
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Definition
| pertaining to or made from plants; any drug, medical preparation, dietary supplement, or similar substance obtained from a plant |
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Definition
| a term popularly used to describe dimpled fat tissue on the thighs and buttocks; not recognized in science |
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Definition
| the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius |
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Definition
| a unit of expression of energy equal to 1,000 calories. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram or liter of water 1 degree Celsius |
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Term
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Definition
| a unit of expression of energy equal to 1,000 calories. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram or liter of water 1 degree Celsius |
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Definition
| the amount of energy expended while at rest |
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Definition
| the amount of energy expended above RMR as a result of the processing of food for storage and use |
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Term
| ENERGY EXPENDED DURING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY |
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Definition
| the amount of energy expended above RMR and TEF associated with physical activity |
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Term
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Definition
| the sum total of all the involuntary activities that are necessary to sustain life, including circulation, respiration, temperature maintenance, hormone secretion, nerve activity, and new tissue synthesis, but excluding digestion and voluntary activities |
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Definition
| intentional activities conducted by voluntary muscles |
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Definition
| the rate at which the body uses energy to support its basal metabolism |
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| ESTIMATED ENERGY REQUIREMENT (EER) |
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Definition
| the DRI recommendation for energy intake, accounting for age, gender, weight, height, and physical activity |
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Definition
| the capacity of the joints to move through a full range of motion; the ability to bend and recover without injury |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of muscles to work against resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly within a given time without becoming exhausted |
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Term
| CARDIORESPIRATORY ENDURANCE |
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Definition
| the ability to perform large-muscle dynamic exercise of moderate-to-high intensity for prolonged periods |
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Term
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Definition
| the efficiency of a muscle contraction, measured by force and time |
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Definition
| the interval between stimulation and response |
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Definition
| nimbleness, the ability to quickly change directions |
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Definition
temporarily diminished capacity, due to exertion. Muscle fatigue may result from depleted glucose or oxygen supplies or other causes.
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Term
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Definition
| an extra physical demand placed on the body; an increase in the frequency, duration, or intensity of an activity. |
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Term
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Definition
| an increase in size (of a muscle) in response to use |
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Definition
| a decrease in size (of a muscle) because of disuse |
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Definition
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Definition
| a hormone produced by the brain's pituitary gland, necessary for growth of body tissues |
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Definition
| a hormone produced primarily by the male testes; also produced to a lesser extent by the male and female adrenal gland and by the female ovaries; testosterone produces sexual maturity and functioning in males, and contributes to muscle growth in both sexes |
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Term
| PROGRESSIVE WEIGHT TRAINING |
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Definition
| the gradual increase of stress placed upon the body with the use of resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| the maximum rate of oxygen consumption by an individual |
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Term
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Definition
| the volume of blood discharged by the heart each minute |
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Term
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Definition
| the volume of oxygenated blood ejected from the heart toward body tissues at each beat |
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Term
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Definition
| excess post exercise oxygen consumption; a measure of increased metabolism (energy expenditure) that continues for minutes to hours after cessation of exercise |
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Definition
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Definition
| a compound produced during the breakdown of glucose in anaerobic metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
| consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet in a way that enables muscles to temporarily store glycogen beyond their normal capacity |
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Term
| HIGH CARBOHYDRATE ENERGY DRINKS |
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Definition
| flavored commercial beverages used to restore muscle glycogen after exercise or as a pregame beverage |
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Term
| BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS (BCAA) |
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Definition
| leucine, isoleucine, and valine; amino acids present in skeletal muscle tissue and theorized to enhance protein synthesis and diminish muscle protein breakdown |
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Term
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Definition
| an acute and life-threatening reaction to heat buildup in the body |
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Definition
| a below-normal body temperature |
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Definition
| the amount of weight lost plus fluid consumed during exercise per hour |
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Definition
| a decreased concentration of sodium in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| painful cramps of the abdomen, arms, or legs, often occurring hours after exercise; associated with inadequate intake of fluid or electrolytes or heavy sweating |
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