Term
| Neruologic drugs can alter axonal and synaptic transmission, which is more SELECTIVE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 steps of synaptic transmission? |
|
Definition
| Synthesis, Storage, Release, Receptor binding and Termination of transmission |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 effects of drugs on the Synthesis step of synaptic transmission? |
|
Definition
| Increase/Decrease Synthesis or cause synthesis of ENHANCED or SUPER transmitter molecules |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 effects of drugs on the Receptor binding stage of synaptic transmission? |
|
Definition
| Cause/Prevent binding, enhance activation. |
|
|
Term
| Which division of the ANS synapses with the Adrenal Medulla as if it were a post ganglionic nueron? |
|
Definition
| The SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 Neurotransmitters of the peripheral nervous system? What is sometimes considered the fourth? |
|
Definition
| Acetylcholine (AcH), Epinephrine and Norepinephrine (NE) (and sometimes DOPAMINE) |
|
|
Term
| Although no nerves terminate at these receptors, ________ Cholinergic receptors DO exist on blood vessels and have pharmacologic significance by causing them to dilate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PRE-ganglionic CHOLINERGIC receptors are primarily what subtype? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the THREE Cholinergic receptor subtypes for Acetyl Choline? |
|
Definition
| Nicotinic N and M and Muscarinic. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 Adrenergic receptor subtypes for EPI and NE? |
|
Definition
| Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Beta 1, Beta 2 |
|
|
Term
| Where are Cholinergic Muscarinic receptors found? |
|
Definition
| Parasympathetic junctions (post ganglionic) and Sympathetic Sweat Glands, and peripheral blood vessels (activation causes dilation)** |
|
|
Term
| What are the main outcomes of Cholinergic Muscarinic drugs? |
|
Definition
| Activation of REST AND DIGEST (parasympathetic responses also, pupil contraction for near vision, sweating, erection and vasodilation of peripheral blood vessels) |
|
|
Term
| What is the main outcome of Cholinergic Nicotinic M stimulation? |
|
Definition
| Skeletal Muscle contractions |
|
|
Term
| What are the main functions of Adrenergic Alpha 1 receptors? |
|
Definition
EYE (dilation-->miosis))
Vasoconstriction (SVM: Skin, Viscera, Mucous Membrne)
Ejaculation,
RETAIN URINE Contraction of bladder neck/sphincters and contraction of prostate |
|
|
Term
| Where are the main functions of Adrenergic Alpha 2 receptors? |
|
Definition
| All PRE-synaptic nerve where terminals they INHIBIT transmitter release...LITTLE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE |
|
|
Term
| Where are Adrenergic Beta 1 receptors located? |
|
Definition
| Heart (incr rate/force of contract/AV conduction velocity) and kidney (renin release) |
|
|
Term
| What are the main functions of Adrenergic Beta 2 receptors? |
|
Definition
LUNG Bronchial dilation
UTERUS Relaxation of uterine smooth muscle
Vasodilation (HLS)
LIVER Glycogenolysis
SKEL Enhances contraction of skeletal muscle |
|
|
Term
| What is the main function of Adrenergic Dopamine receptors? |
|
Definition
| Dilation of RENAL BLOOD VESSELS enhancing renal perfusion.... |
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanism of action of Bethanecol? What type of nervous system response does it promote? |
|
Definition
| It is a Muscarinic AGONIST promoting parasympathetic responses. |
|
|
Term
| What is Bethanecol used to treat? When should it NOT be used? how long does it take to work? How long does it last? |
|
Definition
| Urinary retention, sometimes to void bowels. DON'T use if there is a urinary obstruction, causes HYPO-TENSION and BRADY -CARDIA; acts in 30-60 min and lasts for about an hour. |
|
|
Term
| What are the s/s of anaphylactic shock? Treatment? |
|
Definition
-Hypotension
-Bronchial constriction
-Edema of glottis (swollen throat)
TX-Epinephrine |
|
|
Term
| Which Adrenergic Receptors are stimulated by NE |
|
Definition
| Alpha 1, Alpha 2 and Beta 1 (all except for Beta 2) |
|
|
Term
| Which Adrenergic Receptors are stimulated by Epi? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the therapeutic affects of Alpha 1 blockers? |
|
Definition
VASCULAR--lowers hypertension by dilating peripheral arterioles,
-Causes VOIDING in Benign prostatic HTN,
-Raynaud's disease (again with the arteriole dilation) |
|
|
Term
| What are the adverse effects of Alpha 1 blockers? |
|
Definition
| Ortho Hypotension, reflexive tachycardia, nasal congestion, inhibition of ejaculation. |
|
|
Term
| What are 9 Therapeutic effects of Beta 1 Blockers? |
|
Definition
| Stage fright, hyperthyroid, migraine, HALLMARK for heart attack, heart failure and dysrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma |
|
|
Term
| MOA for Third Gen Beta Blockers |
|
Definition
| VASODILATORS can also cause cardioselective betablockade |
|
|
Term
| Therapeutic uses for PROPANOLOL and METOPROLOL (Beta blockers NONSPECIFIC and CARDIOGENIC in that order) |
|
Definition
| HTN, ANGINA, DYSRHYTHMIAS, MI, MIGRAINE, STAGE FRIGHT --- HTN, ANGINA, HEART FAILURE, MI |
|
|
Term
| Therapeutic application of PRAZOSIN? MOA? |
|
Definition
| It treats HTN but can also benefit men with BHP. (alpha 1 blocker) |
|
|
