Term
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Definition
| Absolute humidity, specific humidity, and mixing ratio |
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Term
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Definition
| mass of WV in air X volume of air |
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Term
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Definition
| Mass of WV in air/total mass of air |
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Term
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Definition
| mass of WV in air/mass of dry air |
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Term
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Definition
| (specific humidity/saturation specific humidity) X 100 |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of water vapor present in relation to its saturation point |
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Term
| relative humidity can be affected by either: |
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Definition
| 1) change in temperature 2) change in amount of WV |
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Term
| In the morning, relative humidity is ____. Temperature is lower, so saturation humidity is ____. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| temperature to which air must be cooled to reach saturation |
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Term
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Definition
| difference between water vapor capacity and actual water vapor content (if equal, saturation occurs) |
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Term
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Definition
| hair hygrometer, sling psychrometer |
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Term
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Definition
| max amount of water vapor that can exist in the atmosphere that can exist at a certain temperature |
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Term
| when evaporation=condensation, ____ occurs |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the saturation curve linear? |
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Definition
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Term
| different ways to acheive saturation |
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Definition
| add water vapor to the air, mix cold and warm air, or lower the temperature to dew point |
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Term
| adding water vapor to the air |
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Definition
| showers; water vapor added by rainfall causes fog under clouds |
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Term
| adding warm air to cool air |
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Definition
| jet plane conetrails, temperature balances, but as curve is exponential, more water vapor is present than can be held. fog forms |
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Term
| high droplet curvature means |
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Definition
| less resistant to evaporation (less surface area), |
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Term
| low droplet curvature means |
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Definition
| high surface tension, more resistant to evaporation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the more curved the droplet... |
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Definition
| the higher the supersaturation required to keep it from evaporating away (decreases rapidly with increasing droplet size) |
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Term
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Definition
| when droplets form by chance collisions and WV molecules bond under supersaturated conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| water-attracting particulates that assist in droplet formation at relative humidities far below that of homogenous nucleation |
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Term
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Definition
| when hygroscopic aerosols assist in roplet formation at relative humidities far below that of homogenous nucleation |
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Term
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Definition
| hygroscopic aerosol particles onto which the droplets form in heterogeneous nucleation |
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Term
| the effect of solution and size is _____ to that of curvature |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| results in cloud droplets with lower saturation points than pure water |
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Term
| droplets formed by soluble condensation are _____ likely to evaporate than those formed by_____. this effect promotes_______. |
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Definition
| less, homogenous nucleation, condensation |
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Term
| a large insoluble condensation nuclei is (more/less) likely to condense than a small drop of pure water. Why? |
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Definition
| more, it is covered in a film of water |
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Term
| in nature, condensation nuclei consists of a mix of ____ and _____particles. |
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Definition
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Term
| the combined effects of solution and size are _____ to that of droplet curvature |
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Definition
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Term
| at relative humidities near or below 100%..... |
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Definition
| condensation naturally occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| extremely small droplets created by some condensation nuclei capable of attrating water below 90% RH |
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Term
| two ways to lower air temperature |
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Definition
| diabatic and adiabatic processes |
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Term
| two ways to lower air temperature |
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Definition
| diabatic and adiabatic processes |
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Term
| 1st law of thermodynamics (purpose) |
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Definition
| describes what happens when heat is added or removed from a gas |
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Term
| 1st law of thermodynamics (formula) |
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Definition
| change in heat=(pressure X change in volume)+(specific heat of air X change in temperature) |
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Term
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Definition
| energy is added or removed from a system |
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Term
| air that passes over a (warm/cool) surface (gains/loses) heat |
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Definition
| warm and gains, cool and loses |
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Term
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Definition
| temerature changes but but no heat added/lost |
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Term
| how can a temperature be changed w.o a loss or gain of feet |
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Definition
| warm air cools, cool air expans |
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Term
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Definition
| upward displacement of air that leads to adiabatic cooling, sometimes clouds |
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Term
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Definition
| cold front pushes into warm air, lifting it. if reversed the warm air still rises |
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Term
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Definition
| low pressure ell, winds converge on center and push up |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| air's susceptibility to uplift |
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Term
| unstable air_____, while stable air_____ after lifting mechanism ends |
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Definition
| continues to rise, sinks back |
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Term
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Definition
| parcel never becomes warmer than environment, cools faster |
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Term
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Definition
| air parcel is never cooler than environment, cools slowly |
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Term
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Definition
| parcel is unsaturated and stable, |
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