Term
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Definition
| _____ ____ are adaptive processes a child use to meet major tasks at each stage of development. Also known as behavior. |
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Term
| Heredity, experience, psychological/developmental stage |
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Definition
| Behavior is affected by ____, ____, and ____. |
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Term
| Psychoanalytical (Freud) [Analyze why Freud isn't spelled "Frued"], Psychosexual/Psychosocial (Erickson) [Erick was sexy and social], Development of Intelligence (Piaget) [Piaget sounds like an intelligent name] |
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Definition
| What are the 3 psychological theories of behavior development and who established them? |
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Term
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Definition
| Ages ___-___ years are the most critical for behavior development. |
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Term
| False, silly! You must be aware of a child's developmental stage as well as their chronological age! |
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Definition
| T/F: You must be aware only the a child's developmental stage, not their chronological age. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ is a change produced in subsequent behavior as a result of experience. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| During ____, humans are completely dependent on parents and experience severe separation anxiety, |
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Term
| Psychoanalytic (analyze why Freud is spelled that way and not "Frued"), the stages were oral, anal, phallic, oedipal, latency, and puberal |
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Definition
| Freud's theory of development was called _____. The stages were ___, ____, ____, ____, ____ and ____. |
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Term
| psychosexual/psychosocial (Erick is sexy and social) |
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Definition
| Erickson's theory of development is called ____/____ and deals with trust, autonomy, initiative, industry, identity, intimacy, generativity, and ego. |
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Term
| Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations and formal operations |
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Definition
| Piaget's stages described the development of intelligence and were called ____, ____, ___, and ____ |
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Term
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Definition
| Freud's first stage of development, ___ , is when the mouth is the main zone of satisfaction in the 1st year. The second stage, ___, is when please comes from anal sensations in the 2nd-3rd years. |
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Term
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Definition
| Freud's third stage, ___, is a time of pleasure from genital stimulation in the 3rd-4th years. The fourth stage, ___, is also genital and at 4-5yrs, but a child loves the opposite-sex parent and becomes jealous of the same-sex parent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Freud's fifth stage, ____ is from 6-11 when sexual craving are repressed and child identifies with parents/peers of same sex. The 6th and final stage, ____, is when mature genital sexuality begins. |
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Term
| Toddlers begin to accept separation, but may change mind! |
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Definition
| You want the parent to maintain physical contact with the patient until what stage? |
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Term
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Definition
| During infancy, the ____ is the prime source of pleasure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Use "tell-show-do" during which phase of development? |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory begins as early as _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| The "Toddler" phase lasts from ___ - ___. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ is when everything is alive and occurs most during the ___ phase. |
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Term
| False! Toddlers' concepts of time is here and now; they cannot understand how long a minute is. |
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Definition
| T/F: You can tell a toddler that you need just 5 more minutes because they can understand this and be patient. |
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Term
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Definition
| What are toddlers' greatest fear based on? |
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Term
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Definition
| Pre-school age is between ___ and ___. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: Pre-school children can understand rules. |
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Term
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Definition
| School aged children (___-___yrs) frequently experience mood swings and regression to immature behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| Females go through puberty at ___yrs, Males go through puberty at ___yrs. |
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Term
| 1. establish/maintain loving/sexual relationships; 2. independent of parents.; 3. capable of working with peers; 4. self-directed |
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Definition
| List the 4 things that characterize a well-transitioned young adult. |
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Term
| Familiarize the child with the dental visit by talking and reading about dentistry |
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Definition
| What should the parent do with the child prior to their first dental visit? |
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Term
| authoritarian, authoritative, permissive |
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Definition
| ___ parents do not explain the "Whys" of rules and the child is usually very cooperative, but intimidated. ___ parents explain reasonings to requests and the child is generally cooperative and respectful. ___ parent leaves the child to do whatever they want and the level of cooperation of the child varies. |
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Term
| 1. Cooperative child, 2. emotionally compromised child, 3. shy, introverted child, 4. frightened child, 5. adverse to authority |
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Definition
| What are the 5 categories of child behavior? |
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Term
| Cooperative child (>36-40 months) |
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Definition
| The majority of children >36-40 months old are ____ children and react appropriately to the critical moments of the dental appointment. |
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Term
| 1. The needle/dental procedure, 2. application of the rubber dam, 3. high-speed handpiece sound, 4. 1st impression, 5. separation from parent, 6. getting into chair, 7. return to parent |
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Definition
| What are the 7 critical moments of a dental appointment? |
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Term
| emotionally compromised child = anxiety, come from broken homes |
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Definition
| The ___ ___ child commonly demonstrates anxiety and generally "poor" patients with difficulty in dealing with life challenges. |
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Term
| shy/introverted child = young children, avoidance |
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Definition
| The ____ child is a common behavior for young children and the stress of a dental appointment may cause them to exhibit avoidance such as crying. |
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Term
| frightened child = <36-40 months, acquired fear from previous experiences or other people |
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Definition
| A ____ child is common in children <36-40 months dealing with crisis, emotional illness or previous unpleasant dental experiences. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fears of sharp objects can be seen by ___ year(s) of age. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ factors that exacerbate a child's pain include anxiety, fear, depression, previous experience, and lack of control. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ factors that exacerbate a child's pain include anxiety/fear from parents, invasiveness of treatment, parental reinforcement of extreme under- or over-reaction to pain, and boring/age-inappropriate environment. |
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Term
| 1. problems brushing upper teeth, 2. puts away something nice to eat, 3. problems brushing lower teeth, 4. bites with molars instead of incisors, 5. chewing on one side, 6. problems chewing, 7. reaching for cheek while eating, 8. crying during meals |
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Definition
| What are the 8 reliable behaviors in a dental discomfort questionnaire? |
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Term
| 1. parental presence/absence, 2. tell-show-do, 3. voice control, 4. nonverbal communication, 5. positive reinforcement, 6. distraction |
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Definition
| Name 3 of the 6 communicative behavior guidance techniques. |
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Term
| Caries = sugar bugs, explorer = tooth counter, amalgam restoration = silver star, fluoride tx = tooth toughener, high speed handpiece = Mr. whistle, alginate impression = toothprint or pudding, saliva ejector = Mr. thirsty, caries excavation = giving tooth a bath. |
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Definition
| Caries = ____, explorer = ____, amalgam restoration = ____, fluoride tx = ____, high speed handpiece = ____, alginate impression = ____, saliva ejector = ____, caries excavation = ____. |
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Term
| local anesthesia = sleepy drops, prophy paste = toothpaste, radiograph = picture, rubbercup prophy = electric toothbrush, rummer dam clamp = toothring/hug button, sealant = tooth nailpolish, rubber dam = raincoat |
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Definition
| local anesthesia = ___, prophy paste = ___, radiograph = ___, rubbercup prophy = ___, rummer dam clamp = ____, sealant = ___, rubber dam = ___ |
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Term
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Definition
| Eruption of the primary dentition usually starts at __-__ months and the teeth erupt in groups (ie incisors together, first molars together) |
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Term
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Definition
| By age __-__ (years/months) 70% of all children have intact primary dentition. |
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Term
| False and false! Girls before boys, blacks before whites |
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Definition
| T/F: Boys erupt before girls, whites erupt before blacks. |
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Term
| 2.5 yrs 50% have cavity. 1st dental visit age 1 yr to stress prevention concepts |
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Definition
| By age ___ 50% of children have at least 1 cavity. AAPD recommend 1st dental visit by age ___ (months/years) |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ % of all children have some anomaly in the maxillary anterior region. IE: fusion, gemination or supernumerary teeth. |
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Term
| overbit = 10%, overjet = 1-2mm, interincisal angle = 180degrees |
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Definition
| Overbite = __% and overjet = __-__mm. Interincisal angle = ___ degrees and midlines should coincide. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: Gingival color is redder/more vascularized in the primary dentition than the permanent dentition. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: The distance from K to T is the total arch circumference. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ is mesial to the maxillary canine and distal to the mandibular canine. |
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Term
| First false, second true... primary teeth are not active in initiating resorption process |
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Definition
| T/F: The primary tooth is usually active in initiating the resorption process and primary teeth undergo exfoliation even with congenitally missing permanent teeth. |
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Term
| replacement of dentin with granulation tissue |
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Definition
| Occasionally a pink color in the crown of a primary tooth is found due to internal resorption and replacement of ___ with ___ ___. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ mixed dention occurs during ages 6-8 with incisors and molars erupted. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ mixed dentition occurs during ages 9-12yrs when premolars are erupting. |
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Term
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Definition
| Teeth pairs generally erupt within __ months of each other. |
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Term
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Definition
| Diastemas will usually close after which teeth erupt? |
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Term
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Definition
| At ___ (weeks/months/years) development of the teeth begins. |
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Term
| Initiation bud stage and proliferation cap stage |
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Definition
| Missing teeth, supernumerary teeth and malformation of teeth occurs in which two stages of tooth development? |
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Term
| histodifferentiation bell stage and also apposition |
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Definition
| Amelogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta occurs in which stage of tooth development? |
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Term
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Definition
| Talon cusps and gemination occur in which stage of tooth development? |
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Term
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Definition
| Ectodermal displasia occurs in which stage of tooth development? |
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Term
| 12-14th week, mesial cusp tip first |
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Definition
| Calcification of primary teeth begins at ___-___ week in utero. __ cusp tip starts first. |
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Term
| 14th week in utero, complete by 12 months of age |
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Definition
| Crown calcification of primary teeth (apposition) begins by the __ week in utero and is completed by ___ months of age. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occasionally a ___ ___ is present due to trauma at birth such as high fever, jaundice or anoxia. |
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Term
| All primary teeth and MB cusp of 1st molar |
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Definition
| Which teeth would you see in an x-ray of a 1 day old newborn? |
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Term
| Crown mineralization starts at incisal edge, 3 months later the crown mineralization is completed, 3 months later the tooth erupts, 3 months later the root is completed |
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Definition
| Explain the rule of 3s in regards to tooth development. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ is the accommodation of the added tooth structure from larger size permanent teeth. |
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Term
| incisor liability and primate spacing |
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Definition
| How can secondary teeth fit? |
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Term
| maxillary 7.6mm, mandibular 6.0mm |
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Definition
| Maxillary incisor liability = ___ mm, Mandibular incisor liability = ___ mm |
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Term
| overbite 20-50%, overjet = 2mm, interincisal angle = 135 degrees |
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Definition
| Permanent teeth erupt with overbite of __-__%, overjet of __mm and an interincisal angle of ___ degrees. |
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Term
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Definition
| __ mesial shift utilizes primate spaces. ___ mesial shift utilizes the leeway space. |
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Term
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Definition
| early mesial shift occurs at age __-__ yrs. late mesial shift occurs at age __-__ yrs. |
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Term
| centrals = 4, laterals = 5, canines = 6, 1st molars = 5, 2nd molars = 6 |
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Definition
| Calcification for central incisors begins at __ fetal months; lateral incisors ___ fetal months, canines ___ fetal months, 1st molars ___ fetal months, 2nd molars ___ fetal months |
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Term
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Definition
| Erickson's "trust v. mistrust" stage corresponds to which age group? |
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Term
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Definition
| Basic trust vs mistrust is the stage being dealt with during which age? |
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Term
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Definition
| Autonomy vs shame/doubt predominates which age? |
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Term
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Definition
| Initiative v guilt is dealt with at __-__ years. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ v ___ mirrors the latency period of Freud. |
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Term
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Definition
| intimacy v isolation is dealt with at the beginning of ____. |
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Term
| Generativity v self-absorption |
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Definition
| ___ v___ involves being a good parent. |
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Term
| False! It is generally at the end of one's life |
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Definition
| T/F: ego integrity v despair arises at the end of adolescence. |
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Term
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Definition
| Piaget's ____ stage lasts from birth until 2 yrs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Piaget's ___ stage lasts from 2-7 years or is considered a subperiod from 2-11 years. |
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Term
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Definition
| Piaget's ___ stage lasts from 7-11 years. |
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Term
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Definition
| Piaget's ___ ___ stage begins at 11 and continues to develop until about 15 years. |
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Term
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Definition
| Injuries to the upper lip and maxillary frenum are common accidental injuries in __-__ month old children. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ is an uncommon form of child abuse that if often lethal. |
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Term
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Definition
| The most common physical finding in ___ ___ is ruptured spleen or liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: When physical abuse is suspected in a child <5 years, a radiographic bone survey of skull, thorax and long bones should be completed because clinical finding of a fracture often disappear in 6-7 days even without orthopedic care. |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ is an act of omission by a caretaker. ___ is an act of excess by a caretaker. |
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