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| a factor that remains the same in all phases of an experiment |
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| standard used for comparison in an experiment |
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| a statement that can be tested |
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| variable changed by the experimenter |
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| variable measured during an experiment |
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| a conclusion drawn from an observation |
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| information you gather with your senses |
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| the process of understanding the world |
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| step-by-step approach to solving problems |
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| new products or tools made because of knowledge gained through science |
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| the number of protons in an atom |
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| a negatively charged particle of an atom |
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| region surrounding the nucleus of an atom |
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| a substance made up of only one type of atom |
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| atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
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| the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
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| a nuclear particle with no charge(neutral) |
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| positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom |
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| the release of nuclear particles and energy |
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| changing of one element into another through radioactive decay |
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| the average mass of the mixture of its isotopes |
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| speeds up a chemical reaction |
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| family of elements in the periodic table with similar physical or chemical properties |
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| element that has luster, is malleable and ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity |
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| an element that shares some properties with metals and some with nonmetals |
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| are usually gases or brittle solids at room temperature and are poor conductors of heat and electricity |
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| horizontal row of elements whose properties change gradually and predictably |
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| groups 13-18, include metals, metalloids, and nonmetals |
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| does not conduct electricity as well as a metal but conducts it better than a nonmetal |
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| elements that do not occur naturally and are made in laboratories |
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| groups 3-12, are all metals |
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| minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
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| process that produces chemical change, resulting in a new substance |
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| amount of substance present in a certain volume |
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| shorthand form to show which reactants are used and which products are formed in a chemical reaction |
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| chemical reaction in which heat energy is absorbed |
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| protein that helps chemical reactions in organisms occure more quickly |
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| chemical reaction in which heat energy is released |
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| substance that slows down a chemical reaction |
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| substance that forms as a result of a chemical reaction |
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| measure of how fast a chemical reaction occurs |
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| substance that exists before a chemical reaction begins |
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| states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object |
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| upward force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid |
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| change of matter from a gas to a liquid state, such as water vapor changing to a liquid |
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| mass of an object divided by its volume |
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| change of matter from a liquid state to a solid state |
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| matter that does not have definite shape or volume |
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| movement of thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance at a lower temperature |
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| matter with a definite volume but no definite shape |
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| anything that takes up space and has mass |
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| change of matter from a solid state to a liquid state |
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| states that when a force is applied to a confined fluid, an increase in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid |
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| force exerted on a surface divided by the total area over which the force is exerted |
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| matter with a definite shape and volume, has tightly packed particles |
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| change of matter from a liquid state to a gas |
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| change in belocity divided by the amount of time needed for that change to take place |
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| describes forces that are equal but opposite in direction |
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| measures the distance and direction from a starting point to an ending point |
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| states that an object will remain at rest or move in a straight line at a constant speed unless it is acted upon by a force |
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