Term
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Definition
1920's - rise of Nazism
Rejects Naturalism |
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Term
| What does German Expressionism represent? |
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Definition
Psychological truths, essence of the art form.
The relationship of self/subject to modern environments especially urban/industrial. |
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Term
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Definition
"Chamber-drama" film
Stories of social problems/the poor
More Naturalistic and contrasted with Expressionist Drama. |
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Term
| Kammerspiel Concentration |
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Definition
Few characters and crisis.
Emphasis on slow, evocative acting and telling details. |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychological situations and unhappy endings. |
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Term
| German Expressionism Actor vs. Set |
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Definition
| Actor and Set are equal in importance. |
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Term
| Decla and Deutsche Bioscop |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Absorbs Decla & Bioscop in 1921 |
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Term
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Definition
| 1927 to nationalist publisher Alford Hugenberg. |
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Term
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Definition
| Core of Nazi-controlled film. |
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Term
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Definition
1925. Ufa rescued from bankruptcy by Paramount and MGM.
Also set up a new German Distro company - Parufamet. |
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Term
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Definition
Kammerspiel Scriptwriter.
Coscripted "The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari |
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Term
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Definition
| Director of "The Mummy" 1932 |
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Term
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Definition
| Director of "M" and "Metropolis" |
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Term
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Definition
| Produced "The Last Laugh" 1924 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Erich Pommer Produces for |
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Definition
| Decla, Decla-Bioscop, Ufa |
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Term
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Definition
Major Figure in German Expressionism
"Nosferatu" |
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Term
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Definition
| Everything that appears before the camera and its arrangement - composition, sets, props, actors, costumes, lighting. Includes blocking. |
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Term
| Narrative Thematics of German Expressionism |
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Definition
1. Loss of Individual will (vs. Hollywood heroes)
2. Character with internal conflicts (vs. external conflicts)
3. Focus on pathological or unnatural (vs. Hollywood's naturalism) |
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Term
| German Expressionist techniques to represent subjectivity |
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Definition
1. Low-Key lighting (chiaroscuro) "shadows" (vs. three point)
2. Camera angles - high and low (vs. eye-level camera)
3. Moving camera (vs. stationary) |
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Term
| Non-Linear narrative (Framing Device) |
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Definition
| Narratives that were set in the past or in exotic locals or that involve elements of fantasy or horror. |
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Term
| The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) |
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Definition
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Term
| The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari was the: |
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Definition
| First film to be considered German Expressionist. |
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Term
| The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari Represents: |
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Definition
| Subjectivity (judgement based on individual personal impressions and feelings and opinions rather than external facts) through Non-Linear Framing Device, Mis-en-scene. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kammerspiel film produced by Erich Pommer, Directed by F.W. Murnau |
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Term
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Definition
| The most successful and famous of the Kammerspiel films. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Directed by Fritz Lang, the story of a pedophile |
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Term
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Definition
| Represented by POV shots, low-key lighting, camera movements. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Realism and cool-headed cultural criticism. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of "New Objectivity" - where characters from sheltered middle-class background suddenly become exposed to world grit/social ills. |
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Term
| Emigration of German film talent |
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Definition
Fox hires Murnau after finishing Faust.
Lubitsch. |
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Term
| French Impressionism (1918 - 1929) |
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Definition
| Movement that displayed fascination with pictorial beauty and intense psychological exploration. Directors expressed their beliefs in poetic, abstruse, essays and manifestos helping to define them as a distinct group. |
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Term
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Definition
Directed by Abel Glance.
Wedding night is conveyed by a series of gauze filters dropping one by one over lens. |
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Term
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Definition
Movement closely associated with realism *but quite different*
Rejects conventional art |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 20th century avant-garde movement in art and literature that sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind. |
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Term
| Repression vs. Sublimation |
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Definition
Repression = bad
Sublimation = good. |
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Term
| "Le Chien Andalou" (1929) |
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Definition
| "The Andalusian Dog" by Luis Bunuel and Salvador Dali |
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Term
| Soviet Montage Cinema (Early 1920's - Early 1930's) |
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Definition
A Cinema of Short Takes
"montage = editing" |
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Term
| Bolshevik Revolution (1917) |
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Definition
Favored a Marxist revolution to bring the worker and peasant classes to power.
Determinant for Soviet Montage Cinema |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers generally to dynamic, often discontinuous, narrative editing. (meaning through Pudovkin) |
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Term
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Definition
| Scientific study of literary devices. |
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Term
| New Economic Policy (1921) |
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Definition
| Formulated by Lenin - allowed a limited and temporary reintroduction of private ownership and capitalist style. |
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Term
| New Economic Policy (1921) |
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Definition
| Formulated by Lenin - allowed a limited and temporary reintroduction of private ownership and capitalist style. |
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Term
| Result of New Economic Policy |
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Definition
| Hoarded raw stock reappears and increase in film production. |
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Term
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Definition
| Russian organized central distribution monopoly. Fails. |
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Term
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Definition
Company created after Goskino, production firms had to invest in stock.
In charge of opening up theaters and export and import. |
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Term
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Definition
Used to do avant-garde sound art.
Newsreel editing in 1916, edits raw footage to create meaningful whole. |
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Term
| "Man With a Movie Camera" (1929) |
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Definition
Directed by Dziga Vertov.
An onscreen audience watching a documentary about the making of the same movie. |
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Term
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Definition
| Idea from Dziga Vertov that the cinema eye is more perfect than the human eye. |
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Term
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Definition
| Influenced by "Intolerance" and trained under Kuleshov. |
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Term
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Definition
THE MOST POPULAR OF ALL MONTAGE FILMS,
directed by Pudovkin |
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Term
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Definition
Workshop and Experiments: each shot has two values
1. Representational value - content
2. Relational value - juxtaposition of shots. |
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Term
| Lev Kuleshov Experiments and Shot values (2) |
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Definition
1. Representational value - content
2. Relational value - juxtaposition of shots |
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Term
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Definition
| Based on leaving out a scenes establishing shot and leading the spectator to infer spatial or temporal continuity from the shots of separate elements. |
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Term
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Definition
| Newsreel and stage footage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Trains, trucks, steamboats that visited Russian countrysides as propaganda machines. Carried small filmmaking setups for local crowds. |
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Term
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Definition
| Civil engineer to theater person |
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Term
| Eisenstein and "Collective Protagonist" |
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Definition
| No individual heroic subject - the proletariat (working individual). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| "Strike" (1924) conclusion: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| "Dialectical Montage" by Eisenstein |
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Term
| "The Battleship Potemkin" (1925) |
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Definition
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Term
| Five Types of Dialectical Montage |
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Definition
1. Metric
2. Rhythmic
3. Tonal
4. Overtonal
5. Intellectual - calculated to communicate idea. |
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Term
| "Strike" (1924) is the first: |
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Definition
| First major film of Montage movement. |
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Term
| Criticism of "Formalist Excess" |
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Definition
| Stylistic experiments or complexities that would make them hard to understand |
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Term
| Socialist Realism Policy (1935) |
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Definition
| Official policy for "Party-mindedness" - the party had to propagate Communist ideology. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Concentration of Ownership in Film Industry (Hollywood) |
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Definition
| Production companies started buying theaters and sought to be more vertically integrated. |
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Term
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Definition
Hal Roach Studios
Republic
Monogram
Grand National |
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Term
| "Imitation of Life" (1934) and Subjectivity |
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Definition
1. Progressive image of race relations
2. Domestic melodrama "women's picture"
3. Depression era Hollywood narratives
4. Talkie style |
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Term
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Definition
| Black prolific and successful director/producer |
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Term
| "God's Step Children" (1937) |
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Definition
| Directed by Oscar Micheaux |
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Term
| "Jazz" Series by Paramount |
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Definition
All-Black cast short films.
St. Louis Blues with Bessie Smith |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| "Cabin in the Sky" (1943) |
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Definition
Directed by Vincente Minnelli
Black film. |
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Term
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Definition
| Showings late at night for black audiences of black films due to Jim Crow laws. |
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Term
Motion Pictures Producers and Distributors of America, INC.
MPPDA |
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Definition
| Created to clean up Hollywood's image, hired Will Hays |
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Term
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Definition
| Charged with manslaughter when a young actress died at a drunken party, but he was acquitted. |
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Term
| The Production Code (1930) |
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Definition
Last of several "codes of conduct"
Not censorship but self regulation. |
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Term
| The Production Code replaces: |
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Definition
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Term
| Five Majors or Big Five (Late 1920's - Early 1950's) |
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Definition
MGM - Did the best, had little debt, films looked more luxurious
Paramount - Began as distro, expanded by buying theaters
Warner Bros - screenwriting dept. known as "echo chamber"
20th Century Fox - Fox merges Twentieth Century in 1935.
RKO - Shortest lived, hired Orson Welles. |
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Term
| Justice Dept. and Big 5 and Little 3 (1938) |
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Definition
| Sues for antitrust violations, during WWII case is suspended |
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Term
| Three Minors or Little Three |
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Definition
Not Vertically Integrated
Universal - Biggest, had most money problems. Promoted new stars in visually striking horror films.
United Artists - Only one who profits fell during wartime boom.
Columbia - borrowed stars to avoid contract cost. Biggest hit was "It Happened One Night" |
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Term
| The Production Unit and Division of Labor |
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Definition
| Creative Guilds and unions - no writers or directors involved. |
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Term
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Definition
End of Vertical Integration
Agreement between film industry and Justice Dept.
Requires selling of theatre chains - great for tv. |
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Term
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Definition
Silent Comedies commanded biggest draws.
Westerns
Horror Films
Gangster Films |
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Term
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Definition
Formed with brother Roy.
"Alice Comedies" first success.
Switched to full animation with "Oswald the Rabbit" |
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Term
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Definition
Rotoscoping 1915
Koko the Clown |
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Term
| "Nanook of the North" (1922) |
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Definition
Directed by Robert Flaherty
Romantic Bias, Nanook as a "noble savage" |
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Term
| "Berlin: Symphony of a City" (1927) |
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Definition
| By Walter Ruttman, aesthetic perspective on urban environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Critic then Documentary producer. |
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Term
| Grierson and Coining the term "Documentary" (1926) |
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Definition
"Poetic record [with] documentary value"
"creative treatment of actuality" |
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Term
| Canadian Film Board (1939) |
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Definition
| Established by Grierson - produces war propaganda |
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Term
| Empire Marketing Board Film Unit |
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Definition
| Headed by Grierson, moves to General Post Office - GPO Film Unit |
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Term
| "Housing Problems" (1935) |
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Definition
Sponsored film by Gas, Light, and Coke Co.
Structures Problem to solution
Non-Artistic
Synch sound - unusual, literally giving voice to working poor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Starts out from Empire Marketing Board but gets finished at Post Office. |
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Term
| Antecedents of Western Genre |
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Definition
| "The Captive" (1682) - earliest version of captivity tale. |
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Term
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Definition
| Earliest version of captivity tales. |
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Term
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Definition
| Antecedent of Western Genre |
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Term
| "Last of the Mohicans" (1826) |
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Definition
| James Fenimore Cooper's antecedent of Western Genre |
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Term
| "The Oregon Trail" (1849) |
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Definition
| Francis Parkman, antecedent of Western Film Genre |
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Term
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Definition
| By Mark Twain, antecedent of Western Genre |
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Term
| "Cripple Creek Barroom" (1899) |
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Definition
| By Edison, early Western film. |
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Term
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Definition
Pastoral Landscapes (vs. frontier)
"Indians sometimes sympathetic |
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Term
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Definition
| First Western star from teens-mid 1920's |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Western as B Picture and from Poverty Row |
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Definition
| "Hopalong Cassidy" (1930's) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Directed by John Ford - cynicism about civilization, "saved from the blessings of civilization" |
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