Term
| Molecular Effects of Irradiation |
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Definition
-Molecular
-Cellular
-Organic Systems |
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Term
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Definition
| Injury to DNA. If ionizing radiation interacts with a DNA macromolecule, the energy transferred could rupture one of its chemical bonds and possibly sever one of the sugar-phosphate chain side rails, strands, of the ladder like molecular structure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Genetic information to be passed on to future generations is contained in the strict sequence of these bases, loss or change of a base in the DNA chain represents a mutation. |
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Term
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Definition
| radiation damage resulting from discrete and random events |
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Term
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Definition
| A nonmitotic, or nondivision, form of cell death that occurs when cells die without attempting division during the interphase portion of the cell life cycle. |
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Term
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Definition
| A classic method of displaying the sensitivity of a particular type of a cell to radiation. |
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Term
| Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau |
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Definition
| It states that the radiosensitivity of cells is directly proportional to their reproductive activity and inversely proportional to their degree of differentiation. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Ionizing Radiation |
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Definition
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Term
| Linear Energy Transfer (LET) |
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Definition
| The average energy deposited per unit length of track. |
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Term
| Radiation can be divided into two categories |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| can be referred to as streams of particles called photons, each of which has no mass and no charge. |
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Term
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Definition
| When low-LET radiation interacts with biologic tissue, it causes damage to a cell primarily through an indirect action that involves the production of molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
| A double strand break in the same rung of the DNA ladder-like structure. |
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Term
| Relative biologic effectiveness |
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Definition
| Describes the relative capabilities of radiation with differing LETs to produce a particular biologic reaction |
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Term
| Equation for Relative Biologic Effectiveness |
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Definition
| RBE= Dose in Gy 250-kvp x-rays/Dose in Gy of test radiation |
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Term
| Radiation Weighting Factor (Wr) |
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Definition
| used to calculate the equivalent dose (EqD) to determine the ability of a dose of any kind of ionizing radiation to cause biologic damage. |
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Term
| Oxygen enhancement ratio (OER) |
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Definition
| When irradiated in an oxygenated, or aerobic, state, biologic tissue is more sensitive to radiation than when it is exposed to radiation under anoxic (without oxygen) or hypoxic (low-oxygen) conditions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Biologic damage occurs as a result of ionization of atoms on essential molecules produced by straight interaction with the incident radiation. |
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Term
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Definition
| always a multistage process that first involves the production of free radicals that are created by the interaction of the radiation with water. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells are made of protoplasm, the chemical building material for all living things |
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