Term
| What two communication and control systems does the body have? |
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Definition
Nervous system
Endocrine system |
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Term
| How does the nervous system communicate? |
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Definition
| via chemical messengers called neurotransmitters - produced only by neurons- neurotransmitters only travel short distances between nerve cells called synapses |
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Term
| How does the endocrine system communicate? |
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Definition
| hormones - secreted in bloodstream - travel long distances to reach their target cells - can be secreted long periods of time |
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Term
| What is the function of a neuron? |
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Definition
| Basic functional unit of the system - respond to stimuli and conduct impulses from one part of the cell to another |
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Term
| What is the function of neuroglia? |
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Definition
| They structurally and functionally support and protect the neurons. |
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Term
| How long can a neuron survive without oxygen? |
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Definition
| Not more than a few minutes! |
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Term
| What are the parts of a neuron? |
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Definition
body - soma or perikaryon
dendrites
axon |
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Term
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Definition
They receive stimuli or impulses from other neurons and transmit it to the cell body.
considered to be afferent processes because they conduct impulses toward the body of the cell |
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Term
| What is the function of the axon? |
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Definition
They conduct impulses away from the cell body toward another neuron or effector cell.
considered to be efferent processes because they conduct impulses away from the cell body |
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Term
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Definition
| Nervous tissue that is made up largely of neuron cell bodies - appears darker |
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Term
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Definition
| Nervous tissue that contains many myelinated axons |
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Term
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Definition
| Sheath of fatty substance that covers axons - appears white |
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Term
| What are the Nodes of Ranvier? |
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Definition
| small gaps in the myelin sheath |
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Term
| What is the relationship between the myelin sheath and the Nodes of Ranvier? |
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Definition
| they work together to enhance the speed of conduction of nerve impulses along the axon |
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Term
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Definition
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