Term
| What are the purposes of lab testing? |
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Definition
Aid in Diagnosis
Evaluate patient's condition
Evaluate effects of treatment
Prognostic indicator (doing better, doing worse) |
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Term
| What is some of the equipment we use in the laboratory? |
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Definition
Microscope
Unopette
Hemacytometer
Refractometer
Cell counters
Chemistry analyzer
Slides and stains |
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Term
| Examples of lab samples we may come across in a clinical setting? |
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Definition
Blood, urine, and feces = what we most commonly see.
Also, tissues, ear swabs, skin scrapings, and effusions and body fluids. |
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Term
| *How can we collect blood? |
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Definition
| Via vacutainer VS needle and syringe or needle prick |
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Term
| What kind of tube would we use when collecting blood via needle prick? |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood collections sites will vary between species...what are the most common collection sites? |
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Definition
Jugular, cephalic, and saphenous veins
*(Also femoral, but femoral is more for cats) |
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Term
| Other sites to collect blood that is not so common? |
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Definition
| Ear vein (rabbits), caudal/tail vein (rats), and toe nail |
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Term
| What is the advantage of vacutainers versus needle and syringe THEN transporting the blood into a tube? |
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Definition
-It will give a better sample, once through the needle (less trauma to the red blood cells).
-It also if the tube is filled accurately, dilution effect of anticoagulant. |
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Term
| Capillary tubes draw blood via what? |
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Definition
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Term
| There are many ways you can fill a capillary tube, name them... |
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Definition
| From a vacutainer, syringe, needle hub, and vein |
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Term
| What diagnostic lab tests are performed...in the lab? |
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Definition
Cell ID and counts
Chemistries
Cytology (smears..)
Chemical constituents
Fecal Floatation
Culture and sensitivity
Toxicology |
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Term
| Antech and Roche are names of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Inaccurate results include what? |
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Definition
Incorrect sample
Poorly preserved sample
Sample handled incorrectly
Technician error
Equipment malfunction
Clerical errors |
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Term
| What are the advantages of IN-HOUSE testing? |
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Definition
Fast results
-can do it at pet-side, earlier diagnosis and treatment, preanesthetic testing is current
You control the sample
-can use micro samples, less chance of losing it
Less expensive in most cases
-so you can do more tests
Fewer artifacts |
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Term
| What are the disadvantages of IN-HOUSE testing? |
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Definition
It requires investment in equipment, supplies, and test kits
It requires trained staff-time issues
-they often pile other jobs on lab tech
Need quality control procedures |
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Term
| So when talking about needing quality control, what do they mean? |
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Definition
To make sure the results are accurate, it's smart to run some in-house controls daily and chart those results to document any instrument drift.
Also, splitting samples is a way to check how accurate the result is, whether it be technician or equipment error-make sure results match up. |
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Term
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Definition
| Can do some tests for cheaper-like panels (lots of different tests), it's the only place you can do a certain test (for some hormones etc), and there are experts available for consulting over the phone. |
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Term
| Outside lab disadvantages? |
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Definition
| Unfortunately, it takes more time to get the results back...it will often cost more than in-house, tests or results could get lost or never show up, and you do need a lot more blood to send out. |
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Term
| What is blood? What is it made up of? |
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Definition
| A tissue, made of cells and plasma |
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Term
| If are to eventually run tests with blood, what cautions do we take with the blood? |
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Definition
Always handle cautiously, but handling does vary with each test run.
Know the temp it must be at (room temp, refrigerate or freeze?)
AVOID freezing cells
Know that physiological state of the patient will affect a test |
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Term
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Definition
| Clotting factors and fibrinogen |
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Term
| What do you do to get serum? |
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Definition
| Let blood clot for 20-30 minutes, and spin it down. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bursting of red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
By rough handling, shaking of blood
Too much pressure drawing blood
Moisture in equipment
Injecting too fast into tube (let it vacuum)
Intravascular probs |
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Term
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Definition
| Whole blood, anticoagulant (EDTA, heparin) |
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Term
| What anticoagulant lives in the lavender top tube? |
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Definition
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Term
| What anticoagulant lives in the green top tube? |
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Definition
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Term
| What anticoagulant lives in the Blue top tube? |
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Definition
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Term
| What anticoagulant lives in the red top tube? |
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Definition
| NONE, tricked ya fo sho. No anticoagulant live in this ish. Ish gone be clottin up in hurr in da red top tube. |
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