Term
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Definition
| A verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being |
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Term
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Definition
| subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition |
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| Gerunds as a Subject examples |
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Definition
| Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences. |
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Term
| Gerund as a Direct Object example |
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Definition
| They do not appreciate my singing |
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Term
| Gerund as subject complement example |
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Definition
| My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. |
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Term
| Gerund as object of preposition |
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Definition
| The police arrested him for speeding. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of words consisting of a gerund and the modifier(s) and/or (pro)noun(s) or noun phrase(s) that function as the direct object(s), indirect object(s), or complement(s) of the action or state expressed in the gerund |
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Term
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Definition
The gerund phrase functions as the subject of the sentence
Finding a needle in a haystack would be easier.
Finding (gerund) a needle (DO of action) in a haystack (Prep. phrase as adverb)
the gerund phrase functions as the direct object of the verb appreciate
I hope that you appreciate my offering you this opportunity
My (poss. pronoun adj. form) offering (gerund) you (IO of action) this opportunity (DO of action)
The gerund phrase functions as the subject complement
Newt's favorite tactic has been lying to his constituents.
lying to (gerund) his constituents (DO of action) |
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Term
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Definition
| Gerunds virtually never require punctuation |
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Term
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Definition
| a verbal that is used as an adjective and most often ends in -ing of -ed. They modify nouns or pronouns |
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Term
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Definition
Present- end in -ing
Past- end in -ed,-en,-d,-t,-n |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of words consisting of a participle and the modifier(s) and/or (pro)noun(s) or noun phrase(s) that function as the DO(s), IO(s), or complement(s) of the action or state expressed in the participle |
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Term
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Definition
| must be placed as close to the noun it modifies as possible, and the noun must be clearly stated |
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Term
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Definition
| When a participial phrase begins a sentence, a comma should be placed after the phrase |
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Term
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Definition
| Verbal consisting of the word to plus a verb (in its simplest "Stem" form) and functioning as a noun, adjective, or adverb. Also may function as a subject, direct object, subject complement, adjective, or adverb |
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Term
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Definition
| If the infinitive is used as an adverb and is the beginning phrase in a sentence, it should be set off with a comma; otherwise, no punctuation is needed for an infinitive phrase. |
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