Term
| 3 types of ventilation, aka tactical ventilation. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
-Vertical
-Horizontal
-Forced ventilation. (Positive or Negative pressure.) |
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Term
| Positive pressure ventilation (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
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Term
| Oakland Fire uses mostly ____________ ventilation. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
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Term
| Defensive ventilation. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| Away from the fire to improve access and escape routes. i.e.Trench cut. |
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Term
| Offensive ventilation (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| Ventilating close to the fire to have a direct effect on the fire itself by making conditions safer for the fire fighter. Vertical ventilation. |
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Term
| Ventilation considerations (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
-Don't cut rafters. -Don't back yourself into a corner when making cuts. -Don't walk cross-country on the roof. -Have a 2nd ladder to the roof. |
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Term
| Negative pressure. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| Mechanical fans used to draw smoke from a building. |
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Term
| Basement ventilation. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
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Term
| Most efficient way to defend against backdraft. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
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Term
| Highrise consideration. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
Keep stairwell positively charged, set blowers and close doors to floors.
-Route of escape.
-Access and egress for f.f. |
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Term
| Consideration for forced ventilation. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| Can spread and/or increase fire. |
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Term
Where to ventilate will be decided by:
(lecture-handout) |
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Definition
-Location of the fire.
-Possible location of occupants.
-Condition within the building. (backdraft)
-Structure of building.
-Extent of fire. |
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Term
| Smoke movement caused by two factors. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
-The wind
-The temperature of the gases. |
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Term
| Forced Ventilation may take the form of: (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
-Water-fog assisted.
-negative pressure.
-positive pressure. |
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Term
| Water-fog assisted. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| Venturi-shooting water out the window to ventilate. |
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Term
| Circumstances for using positive pressure ventilation. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
-fire is extinguished.
-fire is controlled and ventilated.
-Entry into building is delayed by large amounts of smoke.
-To pressurize the stairway of a multistory building in order to keep forward control point free and maintain a means of escape.
-During salvage. |
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Term
| Single blower placement. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| starting point is 4-5 feet for single door. |
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Term
| Multiple blower placement. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| 2 units in line, largest 3 feet from the opening, the second 2 feet behind the first. |
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Term
| 4 main tasks involved in using positive pressure ventilation. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| -Assess the situation. -Siting of fan. -Creating exhaust. -Air flow management. |
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Term
| Ventilation can be achieved by: (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
-Automatic ventilation. May or may not be controlled by fire service.
-Tactical ventilation |
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Term
| Flashover. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| In a room on fire, the hot smoke layer descends and the remaining contents become heated to the stage where they give off flammable gases. Once all contents of the room are giving off flammable gases total fire involvement can take seconds. |
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Term
| Backdraft. (lecture-handout) |
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Definition
| Hot gases in a compartment fire draw air into the room. If air supply is restricted, progressive lowering of O2 occurs, possibly combined with increased temperature. Flammable gases are still produced, and room will still be very hot. A sudden new supply of O2 can form an explosion, backdraft. |
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