Term
| A small (but expensive) apochromatic refrecting telescope has an objective that is 100mm in diameter and with a 600mm focal length. It is used with an eyepiece that has a 20 mm focal length. What is its magnification? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Telescope A has an objective with a diameter of 6 inches and telescope B has an objective with a diameter of 2 inches. Which of the following statements is ALWAYS true? |
|
Definition
| A has higher light gathering power than B |
|
|
Term
| The ability of a telescope to distinguish two nearby objects is called the telescope's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The "objective" of a telescope is |
|
Definition
| the main lens or mirror of a telescope, used to gather light |
|
|
Term
| The main reason that most professional research telescopes are reflectors is that |
|
Definition
| large mirrors are easier to build than large lenses |
|
|
Term
| What is the primary purpose of an astronomical telescope? |
|
Definition
| To collect a lot of light and bring it into focus |
|
|
Term
| The tendency of a wave to bend as it passes from one transparent medium to another is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The resolution of a telescope is determined by |
|
Definition
| the size of the telescope's objective |
|
|
Term
| What intrinsic property of Venus makes it very reflective of light? |
|
Definition
| It is completely covered by clouds |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is true about the planetary feature known as Olympus Mons? |
|
Definition
| It is a volcanic peak on Mars nearly as big across as Texas |
|
|
Term
| The four largest moons of Jupiter were first discovered by which of the following scientists? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jupiters' moon Europa might possibly harbor life because it has which of the following conditions? |
|
Definition
| A liquid water subsurface layer |
|
|
Term
| Roche's limit refers to that distance from a planet where |
|
Definition
| tidal forces will rip a moon apart |
|
|
Term
| What is the feature known as the "Great Dark Spot" of Neptune? |
|
Definition
| It was an apparent temporary feature about the size of Earth, similar to the Great Red Spot of Jupiter, but disappeared within a few years. |
|
|
Term
| What substance is responsible for the colors of Neptune and Uranus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Venus has a feature named Aphrodite Terra. What is this feature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The American whose observations of "canals" sparked debate of life on Mars was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Io is a moon of Jupiter and has many active volcanos. These volcanos and Io itself have an orangish color because |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Valalla is located on Jupiter;s moon, Callisto. Valhalla is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The F ring on Saturn is held together by |
|
Definition
| a set of shepherd moons just inside and outside the F ring |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When we look at Uranus we are seeing |
|
Definition
| the tops of clouds in its atmosphere |
|
|
Term
| One moon of Uranus has huge angular ridges because it was possibly broken apart when it was struck by meteors and then fell back together. That moon is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The large gap in the rings of Saturn is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of Pluto's largest moon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Valle Marineris is a huge ___ found on the planet ___. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which planet is the most massive planet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which planet has its axis of rotation tilted 90 degrees, so that the poles sometimes point directly towards the Sun? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which planet is the smallest in size? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the fourth planet from the Sun? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which planet would float in water, if we could get a bathtub big enough? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following planets has the greatest density? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which palnet is closest to the Sun? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The iron in the surface rocks have been oxidized over time |
|
|
Term
| Which planet did William Hershel discover? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which planet has a moon named Triton? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the sixth planet from the sun? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Cassini's Division? |
|
Definition
| A large gap in the rings of Saturn |
|
|
Term
| Back in the 60's a grade B science fiction movie was released titles "journey to the Seventh Planet." What is the name of the seventh planet that was visited in this forgettable classic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is largely covered with craters |
|
|
Term
| Two stars of the same spectral class are plotted in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Star A has a higher luminosity than Star B. This tells you that |
|
Definition
| star A is larger than star B |
|
|
Term
| Sunspots appear dark because they are |
|
Definition
| cooler than the surrounding photosphere |
|
|
Term
| The flash spectrum of a solar eclipse reveals the conditions within the Sun's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| From which layer of the solar atmosphere does the solar wind originate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The time between successive sunspot maxima is about |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A dedicated astronomer working at the Keck telescope in Hawaii has discovered a small cluster of five stars. He takes the spectrum of each star to determine their spectral class. Which has the highest surface temperature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All of the stars in the above mentioned cluster lie on the main sequence. Which star has the highest mass? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which star in the cluster has the lowest lunmiosity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Refer to the H-R diagram to the right. Which type of stars are in the region labeled AA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Refer to the H-R diagram to the right. Which type of stars are in the region labeled BB? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Refer to the H-R diagram to the right. Which type of stars are in the region labeled CC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Refer to the H-R diagram to the right. Which type of stars are in the region labeled DD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Hydrostatic Equilibrium? |
|
Definition
| It is the balance between outward gas pressure and gravity in stars |
|
|
Term
| The radial velocity of a star can be determined from its |
|
Definition
| spectral line Doppler shift. |
|
|
Term
| The apparent magnitude of a star is determined with a photometer attached to a telescope. The distance to the star is determined by parallax. Using those two pieces of information, we can then determine the star's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A star whose binary nature is revealed by its moving spectral lines is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Binary stars are particularly important for determining stellar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Binary stars discovered by means of their varying light intensity are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere is called the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An astronomer looks at the spectrum of a star and notices that the absorption lines in the star's spectrum are red shifted. The astronomer correctly concludes that |
|
Definition
| the star is moving away from Earth |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following quantities are plotted along the horizontal axis of an H-R diagram? |
|
Definition
| surface temperature or spectral class |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following quantities are plotted along the vertical axis of an H-R diagram? |
|
Definition
| luminosity or absolute magnitude |
|
|
Term
| If a star has an apparent magnitude of 4 and is 10 parsecs from Earth, what is its absolute magnitude? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a star has a parallax of 0.1 arc second, what is its distance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The luminosity of a star depends upon the star's |
|
Definition
| surface area and temperature |
|
|
Term
| The spectral class of the Sun is G2 and that of the star Enif is K2. From this information we know with certainty that Enif is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following spectral-luminosity classes would correspond to a red main sequence star? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An astronomer working at the Kitt Peak Observatory in Arizona has discovered a nebula with a pleasing red color in photographs. Our astronomer reasons that his nebula |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Our hard-working Kitt Peak astronomer is still at it. He had found a nebula with a blue tint. So, he knows that |
|
Definition
| It is a reflection nebula with lots of dust in it |
|
|
Term
| One effect of the interstellar medium on star light is |
|
Definition
| interstellar reddening, in which blue light of the stars is selectively scattered |
|
|
Term
| An astronomer has determined that the star he is studying has a spectral class A3 and luminosity class V. If the star has no parallax, how can he determine the star's distance? |
|
Definition
| Using the H-R diagram and the method of spectral parallax |
|
|
Term
| If a star's size decreased, while it remained the same temperature, its position on the H-R diagram would move |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Star A and Star B both have an apparent magnitude of 4.0, but star A has an absolute magnitude of 1.0 and star B has an absolute magnitude of 7.0. Which statement below is correct? |
|
Definition
| Star A and Star B appear to have the same brightness, but actuall Star A is brighter than Star B. |
|
|
Term
| What physical property of a star does the spectral type measure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The overall dimming of starlight by interstellar matter is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When an electron in hydrogen changes its spin from the same to the opposite direction as the proton, it |
|
Definition
| emits a radio wave photon |
|
|
Term
| By what mechanism does solar energy reach the Sun's photosphere from the layer just underneath it? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what layer of the Sun is most of the energy produced? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the proton proton cycle |
|
Definition
| 4 protons are fused to form a heilum nucleus |
|
|
Term
| A by-product of fusion in the Sun is a neutrino which |
|
Definition
(all of the above)
is almost massless
is neutral
almost never interacts with matter
can spontaneously change from one type of neutrino to a different type |
|
|
Term
| If we had a full moon last night, in what phase will the moon be two weeks later? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statments is a definition for an Astronomical Unit? |
|
Definition
| A unit of distance equal to the average distance between the Earth and the Sun |
|
|
Term
| You go outside and abserve that the north celestial pole is on your horizon. Using reasoning that would make Sherlock Holmes envious, you deduce that |
|
Definition
| you are standing on the Earth's equator |
|
|
Term
| Where was the Sun on the celestial sphere on the Autumnal Equinox? |
|
Definition
| At an intersection of the ecliptic and the Celestial Equator |
|
|
Term
| What happens when the Sun is on the Winter Solstice? |
|
Definition
| It is the first day of winter according to people in the northern hemisphere |
|
|
Term
| A full Moon must always set at approximately what time of day or night? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A new Moon must always set at approximately what time of the day or night? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the distance light travels in a year |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following stars is most likely to be the brightest star in the constellation Orion? |
|
Definition
| Betelgeuse (a, alpha Orionis) |
|
|
Term
| Kepler stated that the planets orbits are best described as |
|
Definition
| elliptical orbits about the Sun |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The apparant path of the Sun on the celestial sphere due to Earth's orbital motion |
|
|
Term
| If a star lies exactly on the north celestial pole, what is its declination? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the Sun is at the center of the universe with all planets orbiting the Sun |
|
|
Term
| An astronaut geta a mission to the International Space Station. While in orbit, the astronaut is three times as far from the center of the Earth than when he is on the ground. If the astronaut weighs 180 lbs on the ground, what does he weigh in orbit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(All of the following are true)
prominences are visable during totality
the solar corona is visable during totality
the umbra of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth
the moon is in its new phase |
|
|
Term
| What was the greatest contribution of Tycho Brahe to astronomy? |
|
Definition
| He amasses a large number of precise measurements of stellar and planetary positions in the sky |
|
|
Term
| Near the end of his life, Tycho hired what famous scientist as his assistant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of Kepler's three laws of planetary motion is that |
|
Definition
| the imaginary line between the Sun and a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times |
|
|
Term
| A solar day is defined to be |
|
Definition
| the time it takes for the sun to make successive crossings of the lower half of the celestial meridian |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the point on the celestial sphere directly over your head |
|
|
Term
| If the North Star os 60 degrees above the horizon, what is your latitude? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On the first day of spring what is the Sun's position on the celestial sphere? |
|
Definition
| It is on the vernal equinox |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Moon moves into the Earth's shadow |
|
|
Term
| The point on the celestial sphere directly above Earth's north pole is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ptolemy's system of epicycles was used to explain the |
|
Definition
| retrograde motion of the planets |
|
|
Term
| An eclipse (lunar or solar) can NEVER occur when |
|
Definition
| the moon's phase is first quarter |
|
|
Term
| As you watch the sun set, you notice the moon directly overhead. What phase is the moon in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A man who weighs 240 lbs, desperately wants to be an astronaut. Told he exceeds the weight limits, he goes on Dr. Skinner's "No gain, No Pain" diet. His body mass decreases by a factor of 2/3. What does the man weigh at the end of his diet? |
|
Definition
1/3 *240=80 lbs
*answer key wrong 160 lbs (poorly worded ? ) |
|
|
Term
| What was one of Copernicus's contributions to astronomy? |
|
Definition
| He said that the Earth is not at the center of the universe |
|
|
Term
| The Local Celestial Meridian is |
|
Definition
| the line on the celestial sphere running from the North Celestial Pole, through your zenith, to the South Celestial Pole, through your nadir, and back to the North Celestial Pole. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is Kepler's third law of planetary motion? |
|
Definition
| The square of the orbital period of a planet (in years) is proportional to the cube average orbital distance from the sun (in A.U.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hour angle of the Sun with the upper half of the local celestial meridian |
|
|
Term
| The lower the frequency of electromagnetic radiation |
|
Definition
the longer its wavelength
*also correct was the redder it will be (visible light) |
|
|
Term
| The factor which distinguishes one element from another is |
|
Definition
| the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom of the element |
|
|
Term
| According to Kirchoff's laws, what type of substance would emit an emission spectrum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As a blackbody radiator increases in temperature the radiation it emits |
|
Definition
| will decrease in wavelength and incease in intensity (get brighter) |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following has one proton and zero neutrons in its nucleus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you view a hot star through a cool cloud of gas, what sort of spectrum are you likely to see? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The frequency of an electromagnetic wave is defined to be |
|
Definition
| the number of waves passing by in one second |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| have same number of protons, but different numbers of neutron in their nuclei |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the structure of atoms? |
|
Definition
| protons and electrons make up the nucleus |
|
|
Term
| What type of spectrum would be emitted by a hot, luminous solid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is defined to be |
|
Definition
| distance from peak in the wave to the next peak |
|
|
Term
| A blackbody radiator produces what type of spectrum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A type II supernova is produced when |
|
Definition
| the iron core of a high mass star collapses |
|
|
Term
| A type I supernova is produced when |
|
Definition
| a white dwarf exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit |
|
|
Term
| At what stage in its life will our Sun become a black hole? |
|
Definition
| The Sun will never become a Black Hole |
|
|
Term
| The heaviest elements in the universe (such as gold, lead, and uranium) were probably created in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| By what process are neutrinos formed in supernova? |
|
Definition
| forcing electrons into the nuclei of the atoms and changing the protons into neutrons (neutronization) |
|
|
Term
| A nova is always associated with |
|
Definition
| a white dwarf star in a close binary star system |
|
|
Term
| One of the causes of a nova is |
|
Definition
| mass falling from a red giant onto a white dwarf in double star system |
|
|
Term
| The main energy source of red giant stars is |
|
Definition
| helium fusion via the triple alpha process |
|
|
Term
| What characteristic of a star cluster is used to determine its age? |
|
Definition
| the main sequence turnoff point |
|
|
Term
| The H-R diagram below shows the path of a 1 solar-mass star as it evolves. What is important about the point labled E on the diagram? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The H-R diagram below shows the path of a 1 solar-mass star as it evolves. What is important about the point labled D on the diagram? |
|
Definition
| The star is undergoing helium flash |
|
|
Term
| The H-R diagram below shows the path of a 1 solar-mass star as it evolves. What is important about the point labled A on the diagram? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what point on the H-R diagram above is the star forming a planetary nebula? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| It is believed that X-Ray bursters must occur in a binary star system. What are the two types of stars that must be present to make up such an object? |
|
Definition
| a red giant and a neutron star |
|
|
Term
| Clusters which are newly formed, i.e. young star clusters are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Star clusters which are very crowded with stars and are very old are also |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lighter elements are fused into elements more massive than iron in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most massive element that can be formed by fusion along with a release of energy is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an expanding shell of gas about a star |
|
|
Term
| Prior to reaching the main sequence, a protostar's energy comes from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As a star evolves it passes along the "Hayashi track". What is happening to the star while on this track? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the meaning of the phrase "zero age main sequence" when applied to stars? |
|
Definition
| It is the left edge of the main sequence where stars begin their time fusing hydrogen into helium |
|
|
Term
| Mass from binary companion flowing onto the surface of a white dwarf star can cause the white dwarf to become a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A nova differs from a supernova in that the nova |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cepheid variables are important to astronomers because |
|
Definition
| thay are useful in determining distances. |
|
|
Term
| What is the helium flash? |
|
Definition
| the explosive beginning of helium fusion in the electron degenerate gas in the core of an old star |
|
|
Term
| What is the more important factor in determining how a star evolves? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A prestellar object that is hot, but not hot enough for fusion to occur |
|
|
Term
| What is the triple alpha process? |
|
Definition
| the process in which helium nuclei are fused to form carbon |
|
|
Term
| At some time in the future, the Sun will |
|
Definition
All of the above are true
-
become a white dwarf
-
become a red giant
-
have a helium flash
|
|
|
Term
| What supports a white dwarf from further collapse? |
|
Definition
| the "Pauli pressure" from electron degeneracy |
|
|
Term
| What is generally found at the center of a planetary nebula? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a supergiant star forms an iron core, what next will happen to the star? |
|
Definition
| It will become a type II supernova |
|
|
Term
| A cloud fragment too small to form a star will become a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A newly formed protostar will radiate primarily at what wavelength |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A star will evolve "off the main sequence" when it uses up |
|
Definition
| most of the hydrogen in its core |
|
|
Term
| Compared to our Sun, a typical white dwarf is |
|
Definition
| about the same mass and a million times higher density |
|
|
Term
| In order of visual luminosity at the start, which has the highest luminosity? |
|
Definition
|
|
