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| First sign of industrialization, economy is expanding, changed infrastructure, Govt. invested in things like the eerie canal, more railroads. |
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| Henry Clay/American System |
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Definition
| Congressman Henry Clay, wanted a high tariff to generate revenue for federal govt., high land prices for federal revenue, charter and 2nd National Bank, and create internal improvements to make trade more efficient:Roads,Canals,Steamboats,and Rivers(No Railroads Yet) |
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| Democrat, President (1829-1837), military hero (Battle of New Orleans), Common Man, Supported Slavery and Pro-States's Rights, Anti-Indian and Anti-National Bank |
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Term
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Definition
| Created to generate revenue, introduced by Hamilton, create one type of currency, Jackson Opposed it |
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Definition
| Jackson Vetoed the re-cahrter of the Bank of US, declares it Unconstitutional, Jackson ends up killing the bank |
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| Recieved surplus in government funds, favored by Jackson, supported his presidency. |
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| Allows the president to replace office holders, Jackson does this to promote democracy, puts common people into office, used differently than other presidents. |
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| Peggy married Eaton after her husband died, others believed she was having an affair before her husband died, wives of cabinet members, told them to boycott things involving Peggy, temporary halt in the function of the govt., caused fear of social humiliation. |
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| Whig, US Representative, senator, and VP, Supported SC Nullification, Pro-Slavery, Pro-States' Rights |
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| President(1837-1841), Democrat, Panic of 1837 consumed his presidency. |
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| 5th Chief Justice, Very Democratic, Anti-Slavery, Most known for his decision of Dred Scott v. Sanford case. |
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| A state votes to reject or rescind federal law |
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| Tried to stop the defunding of the bank by withholding the credit, plan didn't work and so he let's it go. |
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| South Carolina Exposition and Protest |
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Definition
| Written by John C. Calhoun, protest against the Tariff of 1828, stated that if the tariff was not repealed, South Carolina would secede, stated the idea that a state has the right to reject federal law. |
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Definition
| Urged by Jackson, a bill stating that SC could not succeed from the Union and could not nullify federal law because Federal Law is over State Law |
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| 1836, Jackson valued hard currency, moving west-->had to do so in hard money-->slowed down speculative markets. |
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Term
| Indian Removal Act of 1830 |
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Definition
| 1830, Jackson felt pressure to expand the country and promote farm life(economy), Indians are forced to move west of Mississippi. |
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Term
| Cherokee Nation v. Georgia |
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Definition
| 1831, Cherokee are fighting the concept that Georgia can pass laws that affect them-->Domestic Dependent Nation:They are separate |
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Term
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| 1832, said no Georgia cannot pass force laws onto Cherokees. Lead to the Treaty Party-specifically made to negotiate treaties with Native Americans |
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| 1.Choctaw 2.Chickasaw 3.Creek 4.Cherokee 5.Seminole, last of the tribes living within the US |
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Term
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Definition
| Fed. Govt. forced the last of the five civilized tribes to indian territory in OK, Thousands of indians died along the way. |
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Definition
| Was created by officials of US Govt. and a minority of Cherokee political faction-->angered cherokees because they didn't have a part in this treaty. |
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Definition
| 1835-1842, US fought w/5,000 Indians, cost $20 million, 37,000 soldiers injured, 1500 killed, leader Osceola of seminole is captured and killed. |
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Definition
| leader and warrior of the Sauk American Indian tribe, status came from leading war parties as a young man, and from his leadership of a band of Sauks during the Black Hawk War of 1832. |
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| economic drop, hit as Van Buren made office, Buren committed to laissez-faire policy, Van Buren couldn't make any dent on this issue, hurt his chances of reelection |
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Definition
| wasn't a bank, but a place where financial funds could go. |
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| Part of the Whig Party in the Election of 1840 against Buren, Harrison won presidency. Inaugurated in March of 1841 and died in April of 1841 |
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| AKA National Republicans, Anti-Jackson, led by Daniel Webster, strong federal govt., supported by southerners, abolitionists, business, farmers, and industrialists, eventual died out due to differences on slavery |
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Term
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Definition
| Mass Revivals, Opportunity to convert to different religion sects., also reform came along with this(but NOT apart of it) |
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Term
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Definition
| New York, so many revivals taking place, very intense, emotion eventually burned out. |
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Term
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| Presbyterian minister from upstate New York, extreme in his methods, believed anyone could be completely free from sin, and women could pray aloud in church. |
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Term
| Mormons/Joseph Smith/Brigham Young |
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Definition
| Joseph Smith was the founder of the Mormon religion, wrote the Book of Mormon, many people were suspicious of the mormons, many rejected their ideas./Brigham Young-Led the Mormons to Utah to settle where they could freely practice their faith. |
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| Methodists/Francis Asbury |
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Definition
| Was lead by Francis Asbury, started in England, rejected Predestination, became widely huge in these mass revivals. |
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Definition
| First sign of social reform, wanted to limit alcohol consumption, led by women because women were abused by drunk husbands and money was spent on alcohol instead of bills. Powerful movement, Women's Christian Temperance Union arose out of this reform. |
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Term
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Definition
| Known for her prison reform, push towards people with mental disorders to not be thrown in prisons. |
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Term
| Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 |
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Definition
| Seneca Falls was a place for towns people to go and have conventions, Men and women join in this movement, for women's rights. |
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Term
| Declaration of Sentiments |
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Definition
| 2 women wrote this document, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, listed grievances they had like the DOI. |
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Definition
| Wrote Declaration of Sentiments at Seneca Falls Convention, abolitionists, co-founded first women's temperance movement. |
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Definition
| Civil Rights leader, women's rights movement, introduced women's suffrage, co-founder of first women's temperance movement. |
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Definition
| Transcontinental expansion, said America was destined to move west. |
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Definition
| Pro-expansion, pro-Manifest Destiny, Assumes presidency after Harrison's death, Breaks with whigs, interested in TX. |
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Definition
| Everyone was interested in Texas, 3 settlements: 1.Nacogdoches-500 people. 2.La Bahia-1,200 people. 3.San Antonio-2,500 people. Mexico allows settlers to have a tax-base, knew it would happen anyways, so made an organized way to control US settlement. |
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| Big battle of the Texas Revolution, not about issues of race, but issues of competing political views, became an American Fort, Americans and Mexicans fought against the mexican army, severely outnumbered, Mexican army won. |
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Term
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Definition
| Texas Victory, last battle of the Texas Revolution, Houston caught Santa Anna's off guard, Anna gets captured, Anna sign a document declaring Texas independence, but Mexico does not recognize this document even though Texas does see themselves as independent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Democrat nominee in Election of 1844. Expansionist platform, Annexation of TX for southern vote, US oregon jurisdiction for Northern Vote, Clay was whig party candidate with opposite views, Polk becomes president. |
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Term
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Definition
| Polk's aggressive slogan adopted in the Oregon boundary dispute, Polk settles for the 49 latitude in 1846 with the treaty of 1846. |
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Term
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Definition
| War between Mexico and America, Whigs oppose, Northerners see it as a slave power expansion, racist and anti-colonial reasons. |
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Term
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
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Definition
| 1848, ended the Mexican War, Rio grande became the Southern bored, New Mexico and California are ceded to US. |
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Term
| Uncle Tom's Cabinet/Harriet Beecher Stowe |
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Definition
| Book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852, Best-selling book, about the life of a slave who is treated horrible by his master Simon Legree. Impacted many, North gets idea that all slave owners were this terrible. |
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Definition
| New inventions came out to make the production of cotton quicker, higher demand for cotton, so cotton became the kind of plantations, caused more slaves to be bought. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fact of putting an end to something by law, i.e. Slavery. |
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Term
| William Lloyd Garrison/The Liberator |
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Definition
| Abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer, wrote the newspaper "The Liberator"-in Boston, advocated complete emancipation for all slaves, Garrison helped organize the American Anti-Slavery Society, prominent voice for women's suffrage movement. |
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Definition
| David Wilmot (Democrat); Proposal to ban slavery and black settlement in the Mexican Cession, never passed, launched free-soil movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| People's popular vote wins, settler's of a new territory have the right to decide whether or not to accept slavery. |
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Definition
| Founded in 1848, supported Van Buren, and Wilmot Proviso, basis of what will later become the Republican Party. |
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Definition
| Began in 1848, gold was found by James Marshall in CA, 300,000 people flocked to CA to find gold as well, people were called 49ers, faced hardships, not many were successful. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conflict over Slavery, result of Mexican war, slave trade abolished in DC, strengthened fugitive slave law, made CA a free state and temporarily calmed sectional issues in America |
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Term
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Definition
| All runaway slaves must be returned to their owner immediately. |
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Term
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Definition
| Document in 1854 that described the rationale for US to purchase Cuba from Spain while implying that US will declare war with Spain if they do not purchase Cuba, Cuba was a goal of expansionists, document failed. |
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Term
| Kansas-Nebraska Act/Bleeding Kansa |
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Definition
| 1854, Repealed Missouri Compromise,allowed settlers in KS and NE to accept or reject slavery through popular sovereignty, enflamed the slavery issue and led to the creation of the Republican Party. |
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Term
| John Brown/John Brown's Raid/Harper's Ferry |
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Definition
| Extreme abolitionists, John Brown led Harper's Ferry and Bleeding Kansas/Harper's Ferry Raid- abolitionists attacked and burnt down Harper's Ferry, tried to aid the slaves, plan failed but instead were caught and executed. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1857, Dred Scott was a slave who had lived as a free man in a free territory moved to a slave state with owner and new wife, owner died, Scott asked for freedom, wife said no, Scott sues. Decision: 1.Compromise of 1820 & 1850 are unconstitutional. 2.A slave in a free state doesn't make them a citizen because a slave state doesn't consider them to be a citizen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lincoln(R) and Douglas(D) both run for Senator of IL, first publicized political events, main issue was slavery, Douglas wins but Lincoln later becomes president. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lincoln vs. Douglas, Lincoln wins, causes great problems for the South, thought Lincoln was going to ban slavery-->Led to succession |
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Term
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Definition
| Start of the Civil War, in SC, Lincoln sent aids to forts and orders were not carried out, Confederate victory, 4 upper southern states joined confederacy after. |
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Term
| Shiloh/Antietam/Vicksburg/Atlanta |
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Definition
| Albert Sidney Johnston led Confederacy, Ulysses S. Grant led Union, Johnston and 15,000 men die in battle, huge blow to confederacy, 28,000 casualties./Antietam-1862, Maryland, 23,000 casualties, Union Victory, Mclellan led Union, wouldn't take risks, very cautious, Very bloody battle/Vicksburg-1863, Mississippi, Confederates surrender to Grant, Union gain control of Mississippi River. |
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Term
| Emancipation Proclamation |
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Definition
| 1862, Washington DC, Lincoln declares that all slaves in rebelling states would be free, doesn't say anything about the border states so they would stay apart of the union, forces European nations to recognize choosing a side means taking a stance on slavery, first address of the real issue of the war. |
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Definition
| 1863, Lincoln's speech calling equality for all people. The Civil War and the reason for the war will never be forgotten. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1854-1877, were opposed during the Civil War by moderates and conservative factions, led by Lincoln, strongly opposed slavery, demanded harsh policies for rebels, emphasized civil rights and voting rights for freedmen. |
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Definition
| Agency established in 1865 to provide freedmen with shelter, food and medical aid to help them establish schools and find employment, dissolved in 1872. |
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Term
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Definition
| Agency established in 1865 to provide freedmen with shelter, food and medical aid to help them establish schools and find employment, dissolved in 1872. |
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Term
| Civil Rights Admendments(13,14,15) |
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Definition
| 13th-1865, abolished slavery/14th-1868, citizenship to ex-slaves and equal rights for all African Americans./15th-1870, all African American MEN have the right to vote. |
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Term
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Definition
| Democrats accepted the election of Rutherford B. Hayes(R) as president in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South and the ending of reconstruction, problem because blacks laws became stronger and more intense. Govt. couldn't stop this. |
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