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| Born in Genoa in 1451, mastered geogrpahy and became obsessed with the idea of voyaging west across the Atlantic Ocean to reach Cathay, 1484 presented his plan to King of Portugal, rejected because they wanted a route around Africa.Pitched plan to Isabella and Ferdinand for finacial backing, time was on his side, |
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| The Nina, Pinta, and Snata Maria |
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| the ships of Columbus' fleet |
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| where Columbus stopped to refit the ships, he thought he had reached Asia,never did it occur to columbus that he had encounted a new world |
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| december 1500, an ambitious falsifier published a sentational accoutn of his travels across the Atlantic that convinced German mapmakers that he had proved America was distinct from Asia |
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| divided the entire world along a new line located 270 leagues west of the Azores, new lands west of the line belonged to Spain, at the time no one knew of Brazil which turned out to be on the Portugal Sign, the treaty did not discourage furture English, Dutch, and French Adventrues from exploring |
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| december 1500, an ambitious falsifier published a sentational accoutn of his travels across the Atlantic that convinced German mapmakers that he had proved America was distinct from Asia |
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| The monarch rewarded the leaders of the conquest with Indian Villages. The people that lived in the villages were the encomenderoswith labor tribute in exchange for legal protection and religious guidance, it exploited Indian laborores, |
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| Ambitious conquistadores interested chiefly in their own wealth and glory, had to be brought under royal authority, by the monarch rewarded the leaders of the conquest with the Indian villages and the ability to control them |
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| Brought Catholicism to the New World |
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| Domincans and Franciscans |
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| established Indian missions throughout New Spain, friars tried to protect the Native Americans form the worst forms of exploration |
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| Spainards, dreamed of glory andmiliatry adventure and riches, Nov 18 1518 cortes and small army left for Cuba, hit Mexico led his six hundred followers across rugged mountains on the way gathered allies from amoung the Tlaxcalans, a tributary people eager to free themselves form Aztec domination. Cotes possessed obvious technological superiorty over Aztecs, gunfire, horses, physcological advantage, |
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| leader of Aztecs in Technocletian, thought that the Spainards were gods, represtatives of the fearful plumed serpent, Quetzalcoatl, he hesitated in resisting Cortes, and was overthrown |
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| lower class Spainards who moved to new world seeking a better life and who had to marry blacks or Indians becasue there were not alot of women |
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| sent by King Francis I to find short water route of the northwest passage around or through North America to China unsucessful |
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| sent to find northwest passage, found waterway, traveled up the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to Modern Montreal, got no closer to China |
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| followed Cartier 65 years later, founded Quebec in 1608 |
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| France' most valuable export |
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| pelts of beaver and other animals |
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| dcependent on Indian huters and trapper, traded among Idians, often taking native wives and studying local cultures |
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| frenchmen, fourest runners, following Canada's great river networks, paddled deep into the heart of the continent in search of fresh sources of furs. some went past Great Lakes into Mississippi vally |
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| English person, who was a Venetian sea captain, completed the first ceorded transatlantic voyage by an English vessel in 1497 while trying to find a northwest passage to Asia |
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| Died and england's interest in New World faded, more preoccupied with more pressing domestic and religious concerns |
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| first tudor monarch, brought peace to England, after civil war, |
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| Never really go to explore the New world that much |
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| Henry VII and Catherine of Aragon |
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| They married to perserve Spain and England's alliance, in reslut English merchants had limited rights to trade in Spain's American colonies, but any attempt by England at independetn colonization would have threatened those rights and jeapardized the alliance |
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| England began to fear Spain to be a threat, and Henry VII and his daughter Elizabeth I develpwed strong central administration, while England became more and more Protestant. Merging of english protestanism and english nationalism affected public life, propelling an english indentiy amoung all classes. |
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| Sixtenth Century reliogus movement to reform and challenge the spiritual authority of the Roman Catholic Church, associated with figures such as Marin Luther and John Calvin |
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| Ridculed because by English people during Protestant Reformation |
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| Final break in Protestant Reformation |
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| Henry VII had a daughter Mary, but wanted a son, so he petioned the Pope Clement VII for divorce, Spain did not like this, Henry fell in love with Anne Boleyn, who gave him a daugter Elizbeth, he divorced Catherine with or without papal consent |
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| Sent by English, he showed the difficulty in America, he dispatched two captains to the coast of present day North America to claim land granted to him by Elizabeth, he diplomatically renamed region found as Virgina |
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| Sent by English, Elizabeth,found Virgina, in honor of his patron the Virgin Queen |
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| named after Virgin Queen by Ralegh. went bad because Elizabeth would not help him out because she knew Phillip II of Spain wanted the land and she didnt want to upset him |
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| hard to reach by Ralegh, founed in 1585 on caost of North Carolina. Was deserted by people |
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| Leader of expedition to Roanoke, destoryed the Indian village adn left the colonists going back to England |
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