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| Siege in the Texas War for Independence, 1836, in which San Antonio mission fell to the Mexicans, and Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie died. |
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| Four measures passed during the undeclared war with France that limited the freedoms of speech and press and restricted the liberty of noncitizens. |
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| Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) |
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| National abolitionist organization founded in 1833 by New Yorker philanthropist Arthur and Lewis Tappan, propagandist Theodore Dwight Weld, and others. |
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| American Anti-Slavery Society |
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| Organized in 1816 to encourage colonization of free blacks to Africa; West African nation of Liberia founded in 1822 to serve as a homeland for them. |
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| American Colinization Society |
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| One of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought to a standoff on Septemer 17, 1862, in western Maryland. |
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| Battle of Antietam (Battle of Sharpsburg) |
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| Forerunners of Thomas Jefferson's Democratic-Republican party; opposed the Constitution as a limititaion on individual and states' rights, which led to the addition of a Bill of Rights to the document. |
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| Site of the surrender of Confederate general Robert E Lee to Union general Ulysses S Grant on April 9, 1865, marking the end of the Civil War. |
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| Appomattox Court House, Virginia |
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| Mesoamerican people who were conquered by the Spanish under Hernandez Cortes, 1519-28. |
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| Unsuccessful 1676 revolt led by Planter Nathaniel Bacon against Virginia governor William Berkley's administration because it had failed to protect settlers from Indian raids. |
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| Proposed by the first secretary of the treasury, Alexander Hamilton, the bank opened in 1971 and operated until 1811 to issue a uniform currency, make business loans, and collect tax monies. |
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| Pundering pirates off the Mediterranean coast of Africa; President Thomas Jefferson's refusal to pay them tribute to protect American ships sparked and undeclared naval war with North African nations. 1801-1805. |
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| First practical material for the Great Plains iwas invented in 1873 and rapidly spelled the end of open range. |
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| First ten ammendments to the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1791 to guarantee individual rights and to help secure ratification of the Constitution by the states. |
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| Laws passed in southern states to restrict the rights of former slaves; to conbat the codes, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and the fourteenth amendment and set up military governments in southern states that refused to ratify the amendment. |
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| Violence between pro and anti slavery settlers in the Kansas Territory, 1856. |
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| Repbulican references to Reconstruction-era violence in the South, used effectively in northern political campaigns against Democrats. |
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| Clash between British soldiers and a Boston mob, March 5, 1770, in which five colonist were killed. |
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| On December 16, 1773, the Sons of Liberty, dressed as Indians, dumped hundreds of chests of tea into Boston harbor to protest the Tea Act of 1773, under which the British exported to the colonies millions of punds of cheap - but still taxed - tea, thereby undercutting the price of smuggled tea and forcing payments on the tea duty. |
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| Transcendentalist commune in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, populated from 1841-1847 principally by writers (Nathaniel Wawthorne, for one) and other intellectuals. |
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| First land engagement of the Civil War took place on July 21, 1861, at Manassas Junction, Virginia, at which surprised union troops quickly retreated. One year later, on August 29-30, Confederates captured the federal supply depot and forced Union troops back to Washington. |
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Definition
| Battles of Bull Run (First and Second Manassas) |
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Term
| First major battle of the Revolutionary War; it actually took place at nearby Breed's Hill, Massachusetts, on June 17, 1775. |
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| Area of western New York strongly influenced by the revivalist fervor of the Second Great Awakening; Disciples of Christ and Mormons are among the many sects that trace their roots to the phenomenon. |
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| Scheme by Vice-President Aaron Burr to lead the secession of the Louisiana Territory from the United States; captured in 1807 and charged with treason, Burr was aquitted by the U.S. Supreme Court. |
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| In making the proslavery response to the Wilmot Proviso, Senator John C. Calhoun argued that barring slavery in Mexican acquisitions would violoat the Fifth Amendment to the Contitution by depriving slaveholding settlers of their property. |
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| Northern emigrants who participated in the Republican governments of the Reconstruction South. |
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| Confederate general Robert E Lee won his last major victory and General "Stonewall" Jackson died in this Civil War battle in northern Virginia on May 1-4, 1863. |
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| Battle of Chancellorsville |
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Term
| Along with the fourteenth Amendment, guaranteed the rights of citizenship to freedmen. |
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| Union Victory in eastern Tennessee on November 23-25, 1863; gave the North control of important rail lines and cleared the way for General William T Sherman's march into Georgia. |
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| Superior oceangoing sailing ships of the 1840's to 1860's that cut travel time in half; the route around the Cape Horn was the fastest way to travel between the coasts of the United States. |
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| Four parliamentary measures in reaction to the Boston Tea Party that forced payment for the tea, dissalowed colonial trials of British soldiers, forced their quartering in private homes, and set up a military government. |
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Definition
| Coervice Acts/Intolerable Acts (1774) |
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| Landmark ruling of the Massachusetts supreme court establishing the legality of labor unions. |
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| Hiring requirement that all workers in a business must be union members. |
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| Invented by Eli Whitney in 1793, the machine separated cotton seed from cotton fiber, speeding cotton processing and making profitable the cultivation of the short staple cotton; led directly to the dramatic nineteenth-century expansion of slavery in the South. |
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| Northerners opposed to the Civil War. |
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| Meeting in Philadelphia, May 25- September 17, 1787, of representatives from twelve colonies - excepting Rhode Island- to revise the existing Articles of Confederation; convention soon resolved to produce an entirely new constitution. |
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| Constitutional Convention |
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Term
| Army Authorized by the Continental Congress, 1775-84, to fight the British; comanded by General George Washington. |
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| Representatives of a loose confederation of colonies met first in Philadelphia in 1774 to formulate actions against the British policies |
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| 1775-89 conducted the war and adopted the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation. |
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| Second Continental Congress |
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| System developed post-Civil War South that generated income for the states and satisfied planters' need for cheap labor by renting prisoners out |
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| Document adopted on July 4, 1776, that made the break with Britain official; drafted by a committee of the Second Continental Congress including principal writer Thomas Jefferson |
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Definition
| Declaration of Independence |
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Term
| U.S. Supeme Court decision in which Chief Justice Roger B. Taney ruled that slaves could not sue for freedom and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories, on the grounds taht such a prohibition would violate the Fifth Amendment right of slaveholders. |
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Definition
| Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) |
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Term
| President Abraham Lincoln issued a preliminary proclomation on September 22, 1862, freeing the slaves in the Confederate states as of January 1, 1863, the date of the final proclamation. |
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Definition
| Emancipation Proclomation (1863) |
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Term
| Revolution in thought begun in the 17th century that emphasized reason and science over the authority of traditional religion. |
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| Most important and profitable of the barge canals of the 1820s and 1830s; stretched from Buffalo to Albany, New York, connecting the Great Lakes to the East Coast and making New York City the nations largest port. |
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| Collection of eighty-five essays that appeared in the New York Press in 1787-88 in support of the Constitution; written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay but published under the pseudonym "Publius". |
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| Collection of eighty-five essays that appeared in the New York Press in 1787-88 in support of the Constitution; written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay but published under the pseudonym "Publius". |
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Term
| One of the first national political parties, it favored a strong central government. |
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| Guaranteed rights of citizenship to former slaves |
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Definition
| Fourteenth Amendment (1868) |
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Term
| Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warners 1873 novel, the title of which became the popular name for the period from the end of the Civil War to the turn of the century. |
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| Which article in the constitution demanded that the states pay back debts incurred? |
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| Which college in the United States was the first to admint black and female students? |
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| Slave rebellion that took place in Southampton County, Virginia, during August 1831. Rebel slaves killed anywhere from 55 to 65 people, the highest number of fatalities caused by any slave uprising in the Southern United States |
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Definition
| Nat Turners Slave Rebellion |
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Term
| Early English Colonies in the Americas primarily produced what crop to sell to England? |
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| A period of time during which science and intellectual interchange was promoted. |
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| The only president to have paid off all of the United States Debt which occored in 1835. |
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| Which country did not have a colony or land in North America? |
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| The dispute between the British and United States over where the border was in the San Juan Islands. |
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| A US foreign Policy in 1823 that declared that the United States would actively oppose any European influence, be it new countries of colonies, in North or South American. |
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| Battle leader for the Sioux Indians at Little Bighorn which was one of the largest battles fought between the Americas and the Indians. |
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Definition
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Term
| George Armstron Custer was killed in this battle. |
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Definition
| The Battle of Little Big Horn |
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| The first two parties of the political system |
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Definition
| Federalist and Democratic Rebublicans |
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