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| president of the Constitutional Convention, and commander of the colonial army |
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| Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, John Hancock |
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| Weren't at Constitution Convention |
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| James Madison, the only reason why we know anything about the secret meetings because he kept a diary of the debates |
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| wrote the Economic Interpretation of the Constitution. Stated the Dangers of a failed economy |
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| wrote the Economic Interpretation of the Constitution. Stated the Dangers of a failed economy |
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| Colonial experiences, Failure of the Articles of Confederation, and State legislatures |
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| Describes one view of the constitution. constitution resulted primarily from the differing of opinions from those there |
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| smaller states wanted the New Jersey Plan and larger states wanted the Virgina Plan |
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| smaller states supported that each state should get equal representation in congress |
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| larger states in favor. Said that representation in congress should be based on population |
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| Solution to the Great Compromise |
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| bicameral: 2 house legislative body. Low house is based on population. High house: senate: is all are represented. |
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| Debate over whether slaves were people or property. Solution was that slaves would be counted as 3/5 people so the southern states could count them as population and 3/5 as property so the northern states could tax them |
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| Over whether slaves could still be imported. Southern states need more labor. Says that congress can't stop the slave trade for 20 years but any slave brought into the country will be taxed $10 a slave |
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| Over who should elect the president. Small: one vote per state Big: Congress elects People: the people need to elect Soln: group of electors in each state, equal to representation in congress. Going to let states choose president not congress or people. Electors are usually picked by state legislature, today we have an election in which the people choose the electors |
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| Series of Unanimous Agreements |
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| Describes one view of the Constitution. founding fathers saw clearly what was necessary and zipped right through them. |
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| 6 principles on which the constitution was founded |
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Definition
Written document: only country to actually write down our constitution
Separation of powers: into judicial, legislative and executive
Checks and balances: each branch could veto the other, one couldn't take complete control
Popular Sovereignty: The people created the government and can destroy it just as fast
Federalism: states can handle their own affairs but when they run into the federal gov't they must back down
Bill of Rights: the first 10 amendments to the constitution |
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| Money is so inflated that 100$ is actually $60. Money has to be excepted from poor people paying their debts to rich people even though it wasn't what it was worth |
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| Revolutionary hero.Gone back to Massachusetts, dismayed by economic problems of farmers, feel that country had abandoned them. Group of soldiers try to close down all the courts in Massachusetts |
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| Revolutionary hero.Gone back to Massachusetts, dismayed by economic problems of farmers, feel that country had abandoned them. Group of soldiers try to close down all the courts in Massachusetts |
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| Wilkinson Conspiracy. He understands the problem of not knowing who owns the Mississippi. He writes lots of letters to Spain and gets some men to go don the river. We though he committed treason but weren't sure. |
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| Process by which a new state enters the Union |
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| Until there are 5000 male inhabitants the gov't will be by a governor, 3 judges, and a secretary. After still an appointed governor, but with an elected legislature and pass laws but the central gov't can veto. Can have a non-voting representative in congress. When there are 60,000 free inhabitants they can enter the Union on an equal basis. |
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| Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787 |
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Definition
Creates government for the Northwest territory, north of the Ohio river, west of the great lakes,…. Provided that the area could be subdivided with no fewer than 3 and no more than 5. Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Wisconsin
Provides that in the northwest territory there will be freedom of religion. The government will provide free education. There will be no slavery |
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| Gives peole the land if they will just go and live on it |
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| Gives peole the land if they will just go and live on it |
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| Township: 6 miles square, full of 36 sections, each sections is 640 acres. Basis for claiming land in North America. Set aside some of the land to be given to revolutionary soldiers, because we were broke. Set aside part of it to pay for education. Purpose was to get the land in the hands of the people. Sold it for $1/acre but you have to buy the whole section with is $640. Rich people would buy a lot then sell it by the acre. |
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| Township: 6 miles square, full of 36 sections, each sections is 640 acres. Basis for claiming land in North America. Set aside some of the land to be given to revolutionary soldiers, because we were broke. Set aside part of it to pay for education. Purpose was to get the land in the hands of the people. Sold it for $1/acre but you have to buy the whole section with is $640. Rich people would buy a lot then sell it by the acre. |
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| basis for claiming land in North America due to the Land Ordinance of 1785 |
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| basis for claiming land in North America due to the Land Ordinance of 1785 |
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| Created the 14th state of Kentucky, which was the State of Franklin |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| triumph of the radicals, very weak in strength couldn't do hardly anything |
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| Thomas Jefferson, Gov't that governs least governs best |
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| wanted a strong central gov't authority to regulate state and people |
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| America broadens the ability of citizens to participate in the democratic processes through which they are governed |
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| effort to move to eliminate slavery, improve jails, and insane asylums, and school systems. |
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| Ends the Revolutionary War, representing us was Thomas Jefferson, John Jay, and John Adams. the british offered us a better deal if we signed a seperate treaty than the french. we got everything east of the mississippi river and north of florida and the french got nothing |
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| Final battle, surrender of Lord Cornwallis |
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| lost the battle of Saratoga |
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| General Burgoyne's surrender. First important battle that America won because it gave the French the confidence that we could actually win so they formed an alliance with us. |
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| Revolutionary War Hero, took fort Ticonderoga |
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| 1st battle of Revolutionary war we lost. General Howl pushed Washington over the Delaware |
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| What America had to do in order to win the war |
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| all they had to do was keep on fighting it wasn't important whether they won the battles or not because if they kept replenishing the army then the british would soon become tired/ |
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| American Revolutionary Commanders |
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| George Washington, Ethan Allen, Nathanial Green, George Rogers Clark, Francis Marion, Benedict Arnold, John Paul Jones (Must mention he's in the navy) |
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| British had ABSOLUTE control over the colonies at all times |
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| President of the 2nd Continental Congress |
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| private citizens can be authorized by the gov't to overtake other ships |
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| the "Shot Heard around the world" |
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| The first shot of the revolutionary war |
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| rode the Crimson Trail to alert the people that the british were coming from lexington to Concord |
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| wrote "common sense" in it he stated that when in history did the larger state submit to the smaller state that it was proposterous for us to submit to England. This was the first document hinting at Independence |
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Quebec Act, Boston Port Act, Quartering Act, Administration of Justice Act,
Massachusetts Government Act |
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Boston Port Act,
Administration of Justice Act,
Massachusetts Government Act,
Quartering Act |
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Boston Port Act,
Administration of Justice Act,
Massachusetts Government Act,
Quartering Act |
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| Creates gov't for Quebec. People are French. Tries to accommodate French traditions. Catholicism, and 3 judge and no juries. Wise effort from British. |
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| Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Walter Raleigh |
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| Settled at Roanoke Island. Failed attempt. but first child born in new world, no one knows what happened to them |
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| 1st colony, purpose was commercial/profit, was led by John Smith |
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| Leader of Virginia, most known for whipping the colonists into shape |
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| the sickness that all the colonists got when moved to North America, was seen as a good thing |
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| found tobacco, and married pocahontas |
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| Pilgrims; puritans that thought it was necessary to seperate completely from the church of England |
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| John Bradford and William Brewster |
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| founded by John Winthrop for religious reasons, 2nd Colony |
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| extreme theologian moving away from Martin Luther. Predestination: moment of birth God knows the disposition of your sour. Gave birth to Calvinism |
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| 3rd Colony, established by the Dutch for commercial reasons. leaders were Minuit and Stuyvesant. When English took control of it the king gave it to his brother the Duke of York. |
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| Settled by the Calvert family for religious purposes. Originally a safe place for catholics. 4th colony |
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| made maryland a safeplace for catholics. was the first document about religious tolerance. |
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| founded by Reverend Thomas Hooker for Religious purposes. 5th colony |
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| founded by Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson who were theological radicals. the 6th colony |
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| founded Rhode island but then was kicked out. was also kicked out of Massachusetts before that, led a hedonistic lifestyle because she bought into the idea of predestination. was killed by Indians |
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| believed in popular government and seperation of church and state was also kicked out of massachusetts and founded Rhode Island with Anne Hutchinson |
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| Lord Anthony Ashley Cooper |
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| founded North and South Carolina |
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| 7th and 8th colony founded for commercial reasons by Lord Anthony Ashley Cooper |
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| 9th founded by Lords Berkley and Carteret for Commericial reasons |
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| 10th founded and was broken off from Massachusetts for commercial reasons |
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| 11th founded by WIlliam Penn for religious purposes |
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| 12 founded and was broken off from New York for Commercial reasons |
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| 13th founded by James Oglethorpe for humanitarian purposes |
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| founded georgia as a place for the convicts and such of england like debt owers... let them create a new life. Georgia was meant as a buffer state for the carolinas |
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| Years between virginia and georgia |
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| can be cultivated over a large area. Stored easily. Substantial demand. Tobacco, rice, and indigo. |
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| the tallest tree in the forest reserved for the navy. ordinary people were not allowed to cut it down |
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| northern customs ship that was british and was supposed to catch colonist smuggling. but the colonists snuck out and burned it |
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| prime minister during the Decade of Crisis. enforced the Coercive Acts along with the Quebec act. the gaspee was under him also |
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| volunteered to defend the inexperienced soldiers that caused the Boston Masacre, because he knew that they would not have a fair trial |
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| 2nd prime minister during the dacade of crisis. the townshend acts, the Writs of Assistance and the end of trial by jury |
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| 1st prime minister during the decade of crisis. end of salutary neglect. sugar act stamp tax... produced the proclamation line |
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| no taxation with out representation |
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| at the same time as removing the sugar act they put this one out so that it went unnoticed by colonists. Said that england had ABSOLUTE control of all the colonies |
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| If 2 rows didn't vote and the other 3 did then the 2 rows are virtually represented because we are all in the same classroom. |
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| produced the proclamation line that the colonists could not pass. Grenville was messing with their LAND! |
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| montcalm vs wolf. both died but wolf won for England |
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| french commander died and lost the battle of quebec |
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| died but won the battle of quebec |
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| permission to train slaves in the spanish colonies |
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| colonies evade most laws but it has a good effect for england so they ignore it |
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| wrote in his diary in a secret code wasn't cracked until 70s ended everday with i had good health good thoughts and good humor thanks be to God |
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| Sinners in the hands of angry Gods. scared people either new light or old light. said God was mean. |
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