Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
drain urine from bladder during urination (=micturition)
m- merges w/reproductive tract, urogenital
f- seperate |
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Term
kidney functions
maintains-
secretes-
removes- |
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Definition
maintains- water,ion, pH balance
secretes hormones
removes toxins and metabolic wastes |
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Term
| what ions does the kidney maintain in balance? |
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Definition
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Term
| what hormones does the kidney secrete and functions? |
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Definition
renin: regulates plasma Na concentration
Erythropoietin: stimulate erythrocyte production in bone marrow |
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Term
| what toxins and metabolic wastes does the kidney remove? |
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Definition
| urea, uric acid, creatinine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
cardiac output to kidneys
renal blood flow filtered |
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Definition
20-25%
20%
125 mL/min =180L/day |
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Term
| What is the filtrate like? |
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Definition
| same composistion as plasma except is is Mostly protein free |
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Term
| When does the filtrate composistion change? |
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Definition
| as it passes through kidney tubules |
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Term
| How does the filtrate composistion change? |
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Definition
certain desirable ions/molecules returned to blood (sugars, aa, water)
Others are excreted in urine |
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Term
| Where is the location and external anatomy of kidneys? |
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Definition
retroperitoneally; within paravertebral gutters (curves of ribs)
Lateral to T12-L3 vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| 12cm tall 6cm wide 3 cm thick- bar of soap |
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Term
| what is on the concave surface where vessels and nerves enter and exit? |
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Definition
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Term
what surrounds the kidney?
CT |
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Definition
renal capsule
dense, irregular CT |
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Term
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Definition
| contains uriniferous tubules |
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Term
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Definition
make up renal medulla
collecting ducts
(upside down pyramids) |
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Term
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Definition
| just inside the hilus, within the renal sinus |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 total, drain into renal pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
several (7-13)
drain into major calyces |
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Term
| collecting ducts in the renal pyramids drain into and through? |
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Definition
| into minor calyces thru openings at papillae of pyramids |
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Term
| what is the flow of filtrate from collecting ducts? |
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Definition
collecting ducts thru:
openings in papillae of pyramids to:
minor calyces to
major calcyce to
renal pelvis to
ureters (urine) |
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Term
| what are uriniferous tubules, and what are they composed of? |
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Definition
=renal tubules, composed of
Nephron and collecting duct |
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Term
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Definition
| renal corpuscle plus renal tubules |
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Term
| What is the collecting duct in the uriniferous tubules involved in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types is the renal corpuscle? |
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Definition
| glomerulus and glomerular capsule |
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Term
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Definition
| twisted ball of blood capillaries which are fenestrated |
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Term
| what is the glomerular capsule? |
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Definition
Bowman's capsule
parietal layer- simple squamous and outer
visceral layer- podocytes, covers the glomerular capillaries (foot processes of podocytes) |
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Term
| how does the glomerular capsule surround glomeruli? |
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Definition
open end where arterioles enter and leave= vascular pole
hand in balloon fit |
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Term
| what is the glomerular space? |
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Definition
| surrounds glomeruli within glomerular capsule |
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Term
| the route of passage of substances between blood and glomerular space consists of: |
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Definition
fenestrae of glomerular capillaries
basement membrane/basal laminae
filtration slits between podocytes |
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Term
| what is the barrier for protein filtration? |
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Definition
probably basal lamina of basement membrane
maybe protein diaphragm over fenestrae |
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Term
| What type of capillary beds are nephrons associated with? |
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Definition
each glomerulus
peritubular capillaries |
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Term
each glomerulus associated with a nephron is:
fed and drained by-
afferent-
efferent- |
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Definition
arterioles
afferent arterioles- blood into glomeruli
efferent arterioles- blood out of glomeruli |
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Term
peritubular capillaries:
arise from-
surround:
describe:
absorb: |
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Definition
efferent arterioles
surround renal tubules
low pressure, porous capillaries
absorb solutes, water |
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Term
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Definition
| cortical nephrons- entirely w/in cortex of kidney |
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Term
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Definition
Juxtamedullary nephrons
at junctions of cortex and medulla
long loops of henle
responsible for kidney's ability to fo |
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Term
Juxtamedullary nephrons
responsible for kidney's ability to: |
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Definition
| form small volumes of concentrate urine |
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Term
vasa recta:
part of the kidney's -- system
dip down and point:
surround: |
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Definition
thin-walled looping capillaries
urine-concentrating system
dip down from base of pyramids toward pointed end into medulla
surround juxtaglomerular nephrons |
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