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Urinary System
Structure & function.
62
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/05/2010
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Term
Function of the Urinary System
 Definition

  • Excretion of water and electrolytes from body
  • Removal of toxins
Term
Location of urine production
 Definition
Kidneys
Term
Structures involved in urine production and excretion...
 Definition

  1. Kidney
  2. Ureter
  3. Urinary bladder
  4. Urethra
Term
Another word for "urination"
 Definition
Micturition
Term
The kidneys empty into a _________.
 Definition
Ureter
Term
The ureter drains into the _________.
 Definition
Urinary Bladder
Term
The urinary bladder empties into the _________.
 Definition
Urethra
Term
The kidneys are located in _________.
 Definition
The upper posterior abdominal cavity
Term
Shape of kidney.
 Definition
Bean-shaped
Term
Kidney hilus faces ________.
 Definition
Medially
Term
The kidneys are ______ cm long.
 Definition
11-13 cm.
Term
The _________ enters the kidney's hilus, while the _________ and _________ leave.
 Definition

  • Renal artery
  • Renal vein
  • Ureter
Term
The capsule of the kidney is surrounded by _____________.
 Definition
Perirenal Fat
Term
The kidney's medulla is composed of ___________ medullary pyramids.
 Definition
10-15
Term
The papillae of the medullary pyramids point towards the _________.
 Definition
Hilus
Term
Urine passes towards the papillae by means of the _______________.
 Definition
Collecting ducts.
Term
Urine passes our of the papilla into the _____________.
 Definition
Calyx
Term
The renal pelvis is formed by ______________________________.
 Definition
The fusion of calyces.
Term
The renal pelvis becomes the ______________.
 Definition
Ureter
Term
Renal columns are made up of _______________.
 Definition
Cortical material
Term
Between each of the medullary pyramids are ________________.
 Definition
Renal columds
Term
Renal columns are the site of _____________.
 Definition
Blood supply and drainage
Term
The basic functional unit of the kidney.
 Definition
Nephron.
Term
Nephron is made up of: ____________ and _____________.
 Definition

  • The renal corpuscle
  • The renal tubule
Term
The renal corpuscle is found in ____________.
 Definition
The cortex
Term
The renal tubule is found in: _____________ and ______________.
 Definition

  • The cortex
  • The medulla
Term
Filters plasma.
 Definition

  • Renal corpiscle
Term
The glomerulus is ____________.
 Definition
A capillary network
Term
The glomerulus is supplied by the ___________ arteriole and drained by the _____________ arteriole.
 Definition

  • Afferent
  • Efferent
Term
The afferent and efferent arterioles enter and leave at the ________________ of the glomerulus.
 Definition
Vascular pole
Term
Length of the Renal Tubule
 Definition
1 foot
Term
Function of the Renal Tubule.
 Definition

  • Carries filtrate from corpsucle to collecting ducts
  • Adjusts the volume of water secreted
  • Regulates flow of ions/metabolites across epithelium
Term
Parts of the Renal Tubule (4).
 Definition

  1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
  2. Loop of Henle
  3. Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
  4. Collecting Tubule
Term
Proximal convoluted tubule forms a ______ in the corpuscle within the __________.
 Definition

Knot

 

Cortex
Term
Proximal convoluted tubule is lined with __________________.
 Definition
Simple cuboidal epthelium
Term
The proximal convoluted tubule retains ___% of the water and ions in the filtrate.
 Definition
65
Term
The loop of Henle is made up of:  the ______________ and ______________ __________ segment AND a ___________ _________________ and _______________ limb (loop).
 Definition
Ascending, descending, thick; thin, ascending, descending
Term
The distal convoluted tubule continues from ______________________.
 Definition
The ascending thick limb
Term
The distal convoluted tubule is ___________ than the proximal convoluted tubule.
 Definition
shorter
Term
The distal convoluted tubule is located near the ______________ of the corpuscle.
 Definition
vascular pole
Term
The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) is made when ______________________.
 Definition
The distal convoluted tubule and afferent arteriole are in close proximity.
Term
The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) releases the enzyme ___________ which ___________________.
 Definition
renin; increases blood pressure
Term
The collecting tubules feed the _________________.
 Definition
collecting ducts
Term
The terminal portion of the renal tubule.
 Definition
Collecting tubules
Term
The collecting ducts empty through the ______________ and into the _____________.
 Definition
papillae; calyces
Term
The renal arteries split at the _____________ into ___________________.
 Definition
renal pelvis; interlobular arteries
Term
The interlobular arteries turn into __________________ which run in the __________________ junction.
 Definition
arcuate arteries; corticomedullary 
Term
The __________ arteries exist at the corticomedullary junction which give off the _______________ arterioles. 
 Definition
radial; afferent
Term
The ___________ run parallel to the loops of Henle.
 Definition
vasae rectae (capillaries)
Term
The radial arteries give off the _____________ arterioles.
 Definition
afferent
Term
The ____________ arterioles supply the vasae rectae.
 Definition
efferent
Term
The vasae rectae drain into (1)________ veins then to (2)________ veins to (3) _________ veins and finally to (4) _________ veins.
 Definition

  1. radial
  2. arcuate
  3. interlobular
  4. renal
Term
Ureter
 Definition

Muscular tubes that run from hilus of the kidneys to the posterior abdominal walls into the pelvis.
Term
The ureters are lined with __________ epithelium.
 Definition
transitional
Term
The ureters run along the _______ wall of the bladder and enter it near its ______.
 Definition
posterior; base
Term
The ureters have a thick _______ and _______.
 Definition
lamina propria; muscularis
Term
Stores urine until excretion through the urethra.
 Definition
Urinary Bladder
Term
The bladder is lined with ________ epithelium.
 Definition
transitional
Term
Location of the bladder.
 Definition
Anterior pelvis behind the pubic bones.
Term
Shape of bladder.
 Definition
Three sided pyramid with the apex pointing forward.
Term
The ________ enter the bladder; the ________ exit the bladder.
 Definition
ureters; urethra
Term
Parts of the male sex organs are located on the ___________ surface of the bladder.
 Definition
Posterior
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