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Columbus discovers New World and begins Age of Discovery
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| Spanish settle Central & South America, Mexico, West Indies |
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| Settlement Period of British and French colonies in America. |
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| First British Colony of Jamestown, Virginia Settled |
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| First French Colony of Quebec Settled |
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| First New England Colony of Plymouth settled |
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| Revolutionary War and Formation of the United States |
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| Revolutionary War: First third of U.S. Acquired |
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| The Declaration of Independence; America is now The United States |
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| Constitution goes into effect; G. Washington becomes President. |
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| Name the point for each of the 7 Articles in the constitution |
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Article 1: Legislative Branch Article 2: Executive Branch Arcticle 3: Judicial Branch Article 4: States Rights Article 5: How to make an amendment Article 6: Constitution is the supreme law of the land. Article 7: Process of Radification |
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| What were the Articles of Confederation? |
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| They were Articles created to regulate the affairs trade, war, peace, and alliances for the nation but gave no authority to a national government to interfere with internal/domestic concerns of any colony. |
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| The Three Enlightenment Thinkers? |
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1. John Locke - Two treatises 2. Montesquieu - The Spirit of the Laws 3. Rousseau - The Social Contract |
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| Brief summary of John Locke's Two Treatises |
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1st Treatise - Locke argues that no government can be justified by an appeal to the divine rights of kings. 2nd Treatise - outlines a theory of civil society: the only legitimate governments are those which have the consent of the people. |
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| Summarize Montesquieu's - The Spirit of the Law |
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| Montesquieu advocates constitutionalism and the separation of powers, the abolition of slavery, the preservation of civil liberties |
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| Briefly summarize Rousseau - The Social Contract |
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| It said that law should express the laws of the people so all men should be able to vote. |
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The States after the Revolutionary War were |
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-mostly agricultural -had a large middle class (stable, equal) -had a poor transportation system -good river system but slow communication. -Population: 12 million 2.5 mil blacks -no ivy league colleges |
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| during what years did the Articles of Confederation run their course? |
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The Articles of Confederation What were 2 good things about them? |
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-Without them they wouldn't have realized that they needed a consitution. -Held the States together. |
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The Articles of Confederation What were 2 BAD things about them? |
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No taxes, so no money for the government, no navy or army. Bigger States had more delegates, weak government. |
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| Who wrote the Constitution? |
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| How much time did it take to write the Constitution? |
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| Who ran the meetings during the creation of the Constitution? |
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True or False
Did the constitution had to be kept a secret until its radification process? |
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| What are the 3 main parts of the Constitution? |
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1. Preamble 2. Articles 3. Amendments |
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| The Legislative Branch does what? |
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| The Executive Branch does what? |
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| The Judicial Branch does what? |
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| What is the system of "Checks and Balances" |
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The different branches of the government "check" each other's power so that no one branch has more power than the other. This balances the power with each of the branches. |
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| What is the electoral college? |
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Determines the votes for the president: The number of votes per state is determined by the house of representatives, and senate |
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Define Conservative: And Define Liberal: |
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Conservative - disposed to preserve existing conditions, institutions, etc., or to restore traditional ones, and to limit change. Liberal - favorable to progress or reform, as in political or religious affairs. |
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| Conservative Liberals are often called |
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| Moderates - those who are in between both points of view. |
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| Who was the First President and who was his Vice President? |
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George Washington VP = John Adams |
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| Reasons for George Washingtons greatness: |
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-he denounced power, and set up a 2 term presidency. - Directed the writing of the constitution -shaped the USA government. -was the main reason the war was won. -His countenance was one of great majesty. |
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| The Declaration of Independance was written in what year? |
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| The battle of Lexington & Concord happened in the year: |
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| The Battle of Yorktown was fought in the year: |
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| What were some reasons that the Colonies won the Revolutionary War? |
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-GW kept a large force without being captured -French Alliance and the ambassadors: Franklin, Madison, Adams. -Local Militias -British Incompetence. |
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| How many deaths resulted from the Rev. War? |
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25000 18000 from exposure and disease 7000 from battle. |
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| ____ french and _____ Americans surround yorktown and cornwallis is forced to surrender. |
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| 8000 french and 8000 americans |
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Who were George Washingtons Generals? |
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Nathaniel Green Henry Knocks Both of which had no former war experience. all they knew was from books. |
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The Decisions of the 2nd Continental Congress: |
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1. They would support Massachusetts against the british 2. they are going to negociate peace with britain 3. they appoint George Washington to be the commander of the continental army. |
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| The british had the upper hand, what things did they have: |
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1. 4 times the population 2. more industrial back bone and stronger economy 3. large well trained army. 4. larger navy and large merchant circle so they easily obtained supplies. |
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| What were two events that sparked the desire for colonial independence? |
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Thomas Paines Common Sense (stirred up emotions to break free from tyranny). the hiring of German Mercenaries. |
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| How big was the british army? |
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| a standing army of 48000 men + thousands of german hired mercenaries. |
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| How big was the continental army? |
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| 18000 poorly trained, short-term recruits. |
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| Who wrote "These are the times that try mens souls" |
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| Which continental army general retook Boston |
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Brits took philadelphia causing the congress to flee. Turning point of the war (the continental army took saratoga) GW is forced to winter quarters in valley forge and 3000 die from cold and disease. |
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Benjamin Franklin founded the first
1.
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1. lending library 2. hospital 3. the university of pennsylvania |
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True or false Ben franklin lived most of his adult life london and paris. |
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| Name the 5 most well known founding fathers. |
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1. George Washington. 2. Thomas Jefferson. 3. James Madison. 4. John Adams. 5. Benjamin Franklin. |
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| doubled taxes on various food products, one of them being sugar. Made alot of the colonists bitter. |
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| a direct tax on postage even if the letter went across the street. all letters had to have a stamp on them. all of the money for stamps went to britain. |
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| The Townshend Acts (1767) - |
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the purpose of the Townshend Acts was to raise revenue in the colonies to pay for governors and judges who would be independent of colonial control, to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations, and to establish the precedent that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonies |
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| The Boston Massacre (1770) - |
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| 5 people shot and killed by the british, however it was caused by boys and mobs throwing rocks at british toops. |
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the british required town meetings to have a british officer present. They also close the port of boston until the tea is paid for and they raise taxes. 4 acts meant to reverse the trend of colonial resistance to parliamentary authority 1. Boston Port Act 2. Massachussettes Government Act 3. Administration of Justice Act 4. The Quartering Act |
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| What was the First Continental Congress? |
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55 representatives met to decide what is to be done about the tax stranglehold. They denounce the coercive acts as unconstitutional"Declaration of rights & Grievances" also sent to parliament. The british response is to send more troops and get tough on the colonists. |
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deciding not to buy from some country until the country changes their ways. putting economic sanctions on a country. |
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