Term
| What 4 types of issues divided the nation before the Civil War? |
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Definition
| Slavery, Cultural Issues, Economic Issues, Constitutional Issues |
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Term
| How did slavery divide the nation prior to the Civil War? |
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Definition
| Northerners believed that slavery should be abolished for moral reasons. Southerners felt that the abolition of slavery would destroy their region's economy. |
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Term
| What cultural differences between the North and the South led to the Civil War? |
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Definition
| North: Mainly an urban society in which people held jobs...South: Primarily an agricultural society in which people lived in small villages or on farms/plantations...Because of these cultural differences, people of the North and the South found it difficult to agree on social & political issues. |
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Term
| What economic differences between the North and the South led to the Civil War? |
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Definition
| As a manufacturing region, northerners favored tariffs that protected factory owners and workers from foreign competition...Southerners opposed tariffs that would cause prices of manufactured goods to increase. Planters were concerned that England might stop buying cotton from the South if tariffs were added. |
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Term
| What constitutional differences between the North and South led to the Civil War? |
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Definition
| Southerners believed in states' rights and that states had the power to declare a national law illegal. Northerners wanted a strong central government and believed that the national government's power was supreme over that of the states. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1820!!! Missouri was admitted as a slave state. Main was admitted as a free state. |
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Term
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Definition
| California was admitted as a free state. Southwest territories would decide about slavery on their own. |
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Term
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Definition
| POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY would decide the issue of slavery in Kansas & Nebraska |
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Term
| What is "popular sovereignty"? |
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Definition
| People vote to decide on an issue |
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Term
| What happened when Lincoln was elected? |
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Definition
| Southern states seceded from the Union. |
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Term
| When did the Civil War begin? |
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Definition
| When Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter |
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Term
| How did Northerners view southern secession? |
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Definition
| The USA was ONE nation that could NOT be separated or divided. |
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Term
| How did Southerners view secession? |
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Definition
| States had freely created and joined the union, and therefore they could freely LEAVE it. |
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Term
| What states seceded from the Union? |
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Definition
| Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, & Virginia |
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Term
| What are "border" states? |
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Definition
| Slave states that stayed in the Union during the Civil War |
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Term
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Definition
| Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, Missouri |
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Term
| List the free states that remained in the Union |
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Definition
| California, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, & Wisconsin |
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Term
| How and why did Virginia split in the Civil War? |
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Definition
| Western counties of Virginia refused to secede from the Union and became known as West Virginia |
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Term
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Definition
| President of the USA; Opposed spread of slavery; Issued the Emancipation Proclamation; Determined to preserve the Union, by force if necessary; Believed the US was ONE nation, not a collection of independent states; Wrote Gettysburg Address |
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Term
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Definition
| Written by Abraham Lincoln; Said that the Civil War was being fought to preserve a government "of the people, by the people, and for the people" |
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Term
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Definition
| President of the Confederate States of America |
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Term
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Definition
| General of the Union army that defeated Robert E. Lee |
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Term
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Definition
| Leader of the Army of Northern Virginia; Was offered command of Union forces at start of the war, but chose not to fight against Virginia; Opposed secession, but didn't believe the union should be held together by force; Urged Southerners to accept defeat at the end of the war |
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Term
| Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson |
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Definition
| A Skilled Confederate general from Virginia |
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Term
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Definition
| Former slave who escaped to the North & became an abolitionist |
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Term
| List the 7 major events of the Civil War in chronological order. |
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Definition
| 1. Fort Sumter 2. First Battle of Manassas (Bull Run) 3. Signing of the Emancipation Proclamation 4. Battle of Vicksburg 5. Battle of Gettysburg 6. Surrender at Appomattox Court House |
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Term
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Definition
| The Civil War began when the Confederacy fired on Fort Sumter, S.C. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also known as "Bull Run"...The first major battle of the Civil War |
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Term
| Emancipation Proclamation |
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Definition
| Signing this document made "freeing the slaves" the new focus of the war...Caused many freed slaves to join the Union army |
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Term
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Definition
| Divided the South...Gave the North control of the Mississippi River |
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Term
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Definition
| Turning point of the war...The North repelled Lee's invasion |
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Term
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Definition
| 1865...Lee surrendered to Grant...Ended the war |
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Term
| How did location & topography influence the Civil War? |
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Definition
| 1. Union blockade of southern ports (Savannah, Charleston, New Orleans) 2. Control of the Mississippi River (Vicksburg) 3. Battle locations based on struggle to capture capital cities (Richmond, D.C.) 4. Control of high ground (Gettysburg) |
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Term
| How were southern troops affected by the war? |
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Definition
| Southern troops became increasingly younger and more poorly equipped and clothed |
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Term
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Definition
| Civil War nurse...Created the American Red Cross |
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Term
| How did the Civil War affect women? |
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Definition
| Women were left to run businesses in the North and farms/plantations in the South |
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Term
| How did the Civil War affect Confederate money? |
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Definition
| The collapse of the Confederacy made Confederate money worthless |
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Term
| How did the Civil War affect African Americans? |
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Definition
| Fought for both the Confederacy & Union; Enlisted as sailors in the Union very early in war; Slaves used as soldiers in Confederacy; Paid less than white soldiers; Discriminated against & served in segregated units under the command of white officers |
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Term
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Definition
| African American sailor & Union naval captain during the Civil War; Highly honored for his bravery & heroism; Became a Congressman after the Civil War |
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Term
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Definition
| Bans slavery in the US & any of its territories |
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Term
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Definition
| Grants citizenship to ALL persons in the US & guarantees them equal protection under the law |
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Term
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Definition
| Ensures ALL citizens the right to vote, regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude |
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Term
| What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866? |
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Definition
| African Americans gained equal rights; Authorized the use of federal troops for its enforcement. |
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Term
| What was the point of Reconstruction? |
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Definition
| To give meaning to the freedom that former slaves had achieved |
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Term
| What were the Reconstruction policies for the South? |
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Definition
| Southern military leaders couldn't hold government office; Southerners resented northern "carpetbaggers" who took advantage of the South; African Americans held public office; Northern soldiers supervised the South |
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