Term
| smoking during pregnancy can cause |
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Definition
low birth weight
spontaneous abortion |
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Term
| drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause |
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Definition
fetal alcohol syndrome
craniofacial malformation
CNS dysfunction |
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Term
| 5 pregnancy categories for medications |
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Definition
A- no risk to fetus
B- animal studies show side effects, but no risk to fetus
C- drug may be used in pregnancy if benenfits of drug outweigh risks
D- risk to fetus- possible benefit may outweigh risk to fetus
X- risk of drug out weighs any possible benefits- harms fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| any chemical that can cause abnormal development of fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| process of uniting sperm and ovum to form one cell containing 46 chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| many celled, mulberry shaped mass |
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Term
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Definition
two-layer ball
outerlayer- trophoblast- becomes placenta and fetal membranes
inner layer- embryonic disk
becomes embryo |
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Term
| where are primitive RBCs made until liver is able to assume this function in week 6? |
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Definition
| blastocyst forms yolk sac by day 9 |
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Term
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Definition
| embeddin of blastocyst into endometrium or decidua |
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Term
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Definition
| villi of trophoblast (placenta) |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulates corpus luteum to continue producing estrogen and progesterone for 11-12 weeks until the placenta can produce hormones to maintain the pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| amniotic sac, bag of fluids |
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Term
| what is amniotic fluid made of |
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Definition
98% water
glucose
proteins
urea
lanugo
vernix caseosa |
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Term
| function of amniotic fluid |
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Definition
maintains constant temperature
equalizes pressure on fetus
cushions fetus from injury
prevents fetal membranes from adhering to fetus
allows fetus to move freely
provides fetus with fluid to swallow |
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Term
| when is placenta fully functional |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
maternal side of placenta
color and texture like liver |
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Term
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Definition
| white and shiny, vessels are visible |
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Term
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Definition
transport
hormone production
production of fatty acids, glycogen, andcholesterol for fetal use |
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Term
| hPL human placental lactogen |
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Definition
stimulates changes in maternal metabolism
makes protein, glucose, and minerals more readily available to fetus
insulin antagonist
decrease maternal metabolism of glucose
helps mother prepare for lactation, maintain endometrium, stimulates breast development, and prevents uterine contractions |
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Term
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Definition
| causes softening in collagen connective tissue of symphisis pubis and sacroiliac joints |
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Term
| umbilical cord made of 2 ___ and 1 ____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
preembryonic stage
fertilization - 14 days
ends at implantation
embryonic stage
weeks 3-8
greatest risk of anomalies during this period
all body systems formed during this stage
stage 3
fetal stage
weeks 9-40
all body systems refined and begin to function |
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Term
| on day ___ one area of a vessel of the heart begins to beat |
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Definition
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Term
| most heart anomalies occur in weeks |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| carrie deoxygenated blood from fetus to placenta to mother |
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Term
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Definition
| carries oxygenated blood from the mother to the placenta and to the fetus |
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Term
| two branches of umbilical vein |
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Definition
umbilical vein- blood carried to fetal liver
ductus venosus- bypasses liver from the inferior vena cava |
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Term
| two structures that limit the amount of blood going to the fetal lungs |
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Definition
foramen ovale
ductus arteriosus- connects main pulmonary artery to the aorta |
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Term
| fetal blood initially formed on day ___ in yolk sac |
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Definition
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Term
| liver cant make RBCs until ___ week |
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Definition
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Term
| bone marrow doesn't function until ___ week |
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Definition
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Term
| lung buds begin in ___ week |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| decreases surface tension of fluid inside alveoli |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to live outside uterus is 24 weeks |
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Term
| surfactant production matures by ___ week |
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Definition
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Term
| mother must consume adequate amount of ____ _____ for proper brain formation and spinal column closure |
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Definition
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Term
| fetus can hear and respond to sound by week |
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Definition
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Term
| fetus begins urinating into amniotic fluid on week |
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Definition
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Term
| external genitalia can be identified on week |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| first fetal movements felt by mother at week 16-20 |
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Term
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Definition
presumptive
probable
positive |
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Term
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Definition
amenorrhea
N/V
breast changes
urinary frequency
fatigue
abdominal enlargement
quickening |
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Term
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Definition
positive pregnancy test
ballottement- rebounding of fetus
uterine changes
hegar's sign
goodell's sign
chadwicks sign |
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Term
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Definition
| softening of lower uterine segment |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
diagnostic
fetal heart tones
visualization of fetus
fetal movement felt by examiner |
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Term
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Definition
sound occurring at same rate as maternal pulse
caused by increased blood flow to uterus |
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Term
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Definition
sound occurring at fetal heart rate
caused by fetal blood flowing through umbilical cord |
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Term
| when can FHR be heard by doppler |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
fetal breathing
fetal movement
fetal tone
fluid volume
fetal reaction |
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Term
| Braxton hicks contractions |
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Definition
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Term
| supine hypotensive syndrome |
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Definition
enlarged uterus puts pressure on deep veins of pelvis, resulting in venous stasis in lower extremities
causes:
hypotension, dizziness, pale skin
lie on side |
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Term
| physiologic anemia of pregnancy |
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Definition
| increase in blood volume dilutes the amount of hemoglobin and results in iron deficiency |
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Term
| urinary system 1st triemester |
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Definition
| frequency- uterus sits on bladder |
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Term
| second trimester urinary system |
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Definition
| frequency relieved because uterus has elevated out of pelvis |
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Term
| 3rd trimester urinary system |
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Definition
| infant descends into pelvis and presses on bladder |
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Term
| morning sickness usually ends at |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| uterine contractions and let-down reflex |
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Term
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Definition
| subtract 3 months and add 7 days to first day of last period |
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