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| Belief that the moon, sun, and planets all revolve around the Earth in perfect circular paths. |
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| A new way of thinking about the natural world that launched a change in European thought. It was based on careful observation and a willingness to question accepted beliefs. |
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| Belief proposed by Copernicus that stated that Earth and all the other planets revolved around the sun. |
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| A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas. It starts with a problem or question arising from observations. |
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| A new intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought and the power of individuals to solve problems. |
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| Agreement by which people created a government. The ruler needed total power to keep citizens under control. |
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| French word for philosopher. |
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| Social gathering wher philosophers, writers, artists, scientists, and other great intellects met to discuss ideas. |
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| A style which was characterized by a grand, ornate design. |
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| A simple and elegant stule that borrowed ideas and themes from classical Greece and Rome. It was the artistic style of the late 1700s. |
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| Enlightened rulers who wanted to be an absolute ruler. |
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| Declaration of Independance |
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| Document written by Thomas Jefferson that was firmly based on the ideas of John Locke and the enlightenment. Supported natural rights. |
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| System where ecah branch of the government checks the actions of the other two branches. |
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| Set up by the constitution to divide power between national and state governments. |
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| First ten ammendments to the Constitution. |
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| Social and political system of France in the late 1770s that divide the people of France into three Estates. |
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| The three large social classes the people of France were divided into. |
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| An assembly of representatives from all three estates. |
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| Group created by the Third Estate in France that passed laws and reforms in the name of the French people. |
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| Pledge made to create a new constitution for France. |
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| Wave of senseless panic that rolled through France. It was caused by rumors heard by French peasants who then revolted against nobles. |
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| New legislative body in France that was created by the National Assembly's new constitution. This body had the power to create laws and to approve or reject declarations of war. |
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| Nobles and others of France who fled France after the creation of the Legislative Assembly |
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| Those without breeches in France, discovered a way to exert their power over the streets of France. |
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| A radical political organization that eventually took control of France. Maximillian Robespierre was one of the most famous of these. |
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| A machine used to behead people as punishment for something. |
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| Used to refer to Maximillian Robespierre's rule of France when he was constantly using the Guillotine for his purposes. |
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| A sudden seizure of power, in French it means a blow to the state |
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| French term meaning a vote of the people. |
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| Government-run public schools in France. |
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| An agreement that was used between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII. |
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