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| fragmentation, subjective experience, reactoin against realism, self-reflexive, resistent to closure |
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| revival of romantic ideals? |
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| 1950s, Plays purposey absurd, exaggerated, to reflect of absurdity of you own life/rituals. Irony prevails, laugh at yourself. |
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| put meaning into life with no meaning |
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| the end of grand narratives |
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| morals are subjective. good and bad are but names (Emerson). morality based on your personal background. subjective |
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| chaos. Crying of Lot 49. the more you try to make sense of things the more chaotic it gets. |
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| being able to discuss sexuality in open terms in literature. Stoppard's Arcadia. |
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| Kingston, Morrison. Hard to just have just white guy writers |
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| playing at the game of signification. resist meanin |
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| no pure example, liberation of stable meaning, of stable identity. the multiplicity of possible interpretations of given textual elements. The term was given its literary meaning by deconstruction theorists. Indeterminacy is similar to ambiguity as described by the New Critics, but it is applied by its practitioners not only to literature but also to the interpretation of texts |
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| result, about itself as art, language |
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| Beckett, repetitive, core elements |
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| Crying of Lot 49, process of finding truth. ideal of post-modernism |
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| expansion of globe by military powers |
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| fall of the British Empire, the culture that arise in an era following colonialism. Things Fall Apart |
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| the hyphen chinese-american, play more role in lit, what it means to be American, Kingston No Named Woman |
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| what remains now that faith/disbelief is gone. "Church Going" He wished something was left |
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| 1950s, Beatniks. Ginsberg, Kerouac, Burrows. Drugs, radical, expression of freedom |
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| Kerouac, reviving Romantic ideal, expression of freedom. On the Road, Big Sur |
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| making ambiguous purpose, Arcadia-Tortoise, redoing the garden |
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| psot-modernism ideal, comedy, Beckett, Arcadia |
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| fear/anxiety. Naipaul. existentialism |
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| post-modernism is breaking down high/low culture, history/fiction, ordinary/fantastic, original/imitation. Pop-art, pop-culture, saturated w/ popculture references |
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nonlinear plot
fragmented narration |
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| Beckett takes these ideas and furthers it so there is no plot at all, no cimax, resolution, etc. completely strips frippery away |
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| depersonalized, T.s. Eliot, (Sylvia Plath goes back to personalized) |
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| Larkin, group of post-war British poets "bored by the despair fo the forties, not much interested in suffering and extreemely impatient of peotic sensibility." Larkin, Kinsley Amis, Thorn Gunn, and sometimes Hughes. |
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| any country once w/ British empire that is now independent (except US) Britain is multicultural. The Empire writes back, Naipaul |
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| scattering of people, Things Fall Apart |
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| Kingston, process of negotiating the hyphen. |
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| Naipaul One Out of Many, starts in native country, middle passage, subjected to embarrassment (airplane), escape. |
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| Naipaul, One Out of Many, integrating into new system, modern identity/double-consciousness, self-made man/horrors. |
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| find what you expected, stripping dignity, real americans are TV Americans. expecting anger, violence of the hubshi. |
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| different cultures writing considered English writers. Achebe, Rushdie, Walcott. The colonials writing the real story of what it was like to live under the British empire. |
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| England, reverse colonization |
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| Irish, Welsh, Scotts want own parliament |
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| internal term, the breaking away of political bonds, towards independence |
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| a doctrine of inevitable social decline and degeneration. Arcadia mathematical/scientific |
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| Cathedral, minimalist, straight forward, focus of facts, knows what happens in end |
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| huge deal in Eng. Front page news, books though of as most important. Mostly commonwealth |
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| established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace in 1901 |
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| only Literature, for United States |
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